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动词不定式主动式表示被动含义的用法(1P)

动词不定式主动式表示被动含义的用法(1P)
动词不定式主动式表示被动含义的用法(1P)

动词不定式主动形式表示被动含义的八个基本句型

佛山顺德李兆基中学熊清明

2009年广东英语试题语法填空中有这样一题:

She wished that he was as easy (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume.

在please, glad, happy, difficult, hard, easy等形容词后作状语,只能用动词不定式;尽管不定式与其逻辑主语(也是句子的主语)是动宾关系,即to please 和he 是逻辑上的动宾关系,按理应法用不定式的被动式,但习惯上却用主动形式表示被动含义,故正确答案是to please。据高考评卷统计,该小题在这道大题中得分率最低,正确率只有1.2%。究其原因,一是考生不知在形容词后作状语要用不动式;二是考生不知在这种情况下要用主动形式表示被动含义。因此,笔者就动词不定式主动形式表示被动含义的句型作一归纳,以供考生参考。

一、主语+系动词+形容词+to do

在这一句型中,动词不定式作状语,它与句子的主语有动宾关系。其中的形容词表示主语的特征或性质,常见的词有interesting, easy, difficult, nice, good, expensive, cheap, heavy, light, important, impossible, pleasant, comfortable, safe, dangerous, cheap, fit等。例如:这本书很难懂。这种鱼很好吃。好的小说读起来有意思。

二、主语+及物动词+宾语+ to do

在这一句型当中,动词不定式作定语,与它所修饰的宾语存在逻辑上的动宾关系,句子的主语与动词不定式又有逻辑上的主谓关系。例如:我有很多工作要做。她有一个会议要参加。他要养活一大家子人。

三、主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语+to do

在这一句型中,动词不定式作定语,与直接宾语存在逻辑上的动宾关系,句子的间接宾语与不定式有逻辑上的主谓关系。例如:

I’ll give him (直接宾语)some books(间接宾语)我要给他一些书看。

He set us(直接宾语) a good example(他为我们树立了学习的好榜样。

四、主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补+to do

在这一句型中,句子的宾语正好是不定式的逻辑宾语,句子的主语可能是不定式的逻辑主语,也可能不是。例如:我们发现这篇课文很难懂。我发现这个家伙很难相处。他的课让人容易理解。

五、疑问代词+to do

在这一结构中,动词不定式与疑问代词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。例如:

I don’t know what measures to take to solve this difficult problem.我不知道该采取什么措施来解决这个问题。

Our question is what to do next.我们的问题是下一步做什么。

六、there be+ 主语+for sb. to do

该句型中,动词不定式作定语修饰主语,如果sb.是动词的发出者,用主动式表示被动含义;如果sb.动作的承受者,要用动词不定式的被动式。例如:

There are still many questions for us to discuss.(discuss的发出者是us)我们还有很多问题要讨论。

There are a lot of reasons for the book to be published. (the book是publish的承受者)这本书有很多理由要出版。

七、This/ That is +名词+to do

在这一结构中,名词作表语,动词不定式与名词之间有逻辑上的动宾关系,不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。例如:

This is a hard question to answer. 这是一个很难回答的问题。

That is a nice place to visit. 那是一个很好的参观地点。

This is a difficult sentence to understand. 这是个难以理解的句子。

八、be to blame /to let

该结构中,动词不定式作表语,虽然与句中的主语是逻辑上的动宾关系,仍要用主动式表示被动意义。例如:

Nobody was to blame for the accident. 对这个事故,谁也不能责怪。

The house is to rent. 这房子出租。

责任编校蒋小青

动名词主动表被动的三种类型

在某些特殊结构中,动名词可以用主动形式表示被动意义,这主要见于以下几种情况: 一、“需要”型 在need, want, require几个表示“需要”的动词后,英语习惯上用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。如: He needs encouraging. 他需要鼓励。 Your hair wants cutting. 你需要理发了。 The front gate requires mending. 前门需要修理。 从意义上看,以上三句的动名词均含有被动意味,但用的都是主动形式。不过,如果改用不定式,则要用被动式,如上面也可说成: He needs to be encouraged. 他需要鼓励。 Your hair wants to be cut. 你需要理发了。 The front gate requires to be mended. 前门需要修理。 二、“值得”型 这类词比较典型的有三个,它们是(be) worth, deserve, merit——它们后面跟的动名词习惯上要用主动式表示被动意义,不能直接使用被动式。如: The film is worth seeing twice. 这个片子值得看两遍。 None of it is worth keeping. 这东西一点儿也不值得保存。 They merit praising. 他们值得表扬 说明:从搭配上看,be worth 和merit 后只能跟动名词,不能跟不定式;而deserve 后则通常是接不定式的。如: They deserved to be congratulated. 他们值得祝贺。 She deserved to win because she was the best. 她有资格获胜,因为她是最优秀的。 只有当它后面所接动词具有被动意义时才可用动名词,且要用主动形式表示被动意义;此时若改成不定式,则要用被动形式。如: 我认为他的文章不值一读。 I don’t think his article deserves reading. =I don’t think his article deserves to be read.

动词不定式被动语态讲解

Book7 unit2动词不定式被动语态形 一、复习各种时态的被动语态 ★被动语态的基本结构: be+ done (以the book , publish 为例) 一般现在/过去时: The book is/ was published. 一般/过去将来时: The book will/would be published. The book is/was going to be published. 现在/过去进行时: The book is/was being published. 现在/过去完成时: The book has/had been published. 情态动词: The book can/could/may/might…be published. 1)一般式:(not/never )to be done 2)完成式:(not/ never)to have been done (表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前) 三、▲通常在believe, suppose, say, report等动词构成的句子中可以进行主动语态到被动语态以及被动语态和动词不定式的转换.如: They say that Mike is sick in bed. =It is said that Mike is sick in bed. =Mike is said to be sick in bed. 据说麦克卧床不起. People believe that he was killed. =It is believed that he was killed. =He is believed to have been killed. 大家相信他被杀了. 四、当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者而非发出者时,不定式一般要采用被动形式(to be done). 语法功能: 1.作主语: It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here. 2.作宾语: She asked to be sent to work in Xinjiang. 3.构成复合宾语: He wanted the letter to be typed at once. She didn’t like herself to be praised like that.

主动形式表示被动意义的十二种情况

主动形式表示被动意义的十二种情况 英语的被动意义除了用及物动词的被动语态形式表示外,还可以用其他方法来表示,就像在汉语中并非一定要用“被”字来表示的被动意义一样。我们把这种用法称之为“主动表被动”,下面笔者就这种可以用主动形式表示被动意义的场合归纳如下。 1.用某些不及物动词表示被动意义,如:carry, cut, drive, iron, keep, lock, open, pick, read, shut, tear, wash, wear, write等等。这类动词既能作及物动词,也能做不及物动词。作不及物动词时,形式上虽为主动,却表示被动意义。例如:Meat cuts easily.肉容易切。 His novel sells well.他的小说畅销。 The car drove easily.这车很容易开。 Your pen writes quite smoothly.你的笔写起来很滑。 2.某些表示感觉动词的动词可以用主动形式表示被动意义。例如: This shirt feels much softer than that one. 这件衬衫比那件衬衫摸起来柔软得多。 That book smells old.那本书有一股霉味。 These oranges taste nice.这些橙子味道很好。 3.有少数动词(bind, cook, do, owe, print)的进行时有时有被动意义。在这种用法中,句子的主语都一般是指物的。例如: The magazine is binding(printing).这本杂志正在装订(印刷)。 He paid all that was owing.欠的钱他都还了。 The meat is cooking.正在火敦肉。 4.动词get, come, go之后接过去分词,表示被动意义。get的这种用法局限于口语和非正式的书面语言,更强调动作的结果而非动作本身,并常用来表示突发性的、出乎意料的偶然事件。而come和go常接含否定意义的过去分词。例如: After working selflessly in here for several years, Mr Li got promoted at last.李先生在此地无私地干了好几年,终于得到提升。 They got delayed because of the holiday traffic. 由于节日交通阻塞,他们被耽误了。 The buttons on my coat came undone.我上衣的扣子松开了。 The woman's complaints went unnoticed.那位女士的投诉无人理睬。 5.在need(want, require, deserve, etc.)doing句型中,动名词(doing)相当于动词不定式的被动式(to be done),在意思上没有多大差别。例如: The garden needs watering(to be watered).花园需要浇水。 The problem requires studying(to be studied) with great care. 这个问题需要仔细研究。 These jobs want doing(to be done) at once. 这些工作需要马上就做。 6.在bear doing, stand doing, be worth doing结构中习惯上用动名词形式,而不用动词不定式。其中值得注意的是,在be worth doing句型中,只能用动名词的主动式,而在be worthy to be done中,才能用动词不定式的被动式,两者不可混淆。例如:

不定式主动表被动

首先,要先明确不定式被动式的意义:如果不定式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者,不定式需用被动语态 例:He dislikes to be praised in public. 他不喜欢当众被表扬。(“他”作为动作"praise"的承受者,故用不定式) 用主动表被动的情况: 1、句中存在名词或代词可以作为不定式的逻辑主语,构成逻辑上的主谓关系 例:Mr.Bird gave the dog a few bones to eat. 这里是dog eat bone,也就是说是狗作为不定式中“吃”这个动作的主语,所以,可以用主动表被动 如果不具有这种结构,则仍需要用被动 例:The news reporter raised a few questions to be answered. 记者提了几个问题有待回答。(这里问题是由别人回答,而句中未出现具体有谁回答,也就是“answer”这个动词没有出现具体主语,所以要用被动) 2、在“形容词+不定式”的结构中,如果不定式与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,用主动表被动 例:The plane is dangerous to fly. 这架飞机开起来很危险 句中是“开” “飞机”,不定式中的动词"fly"与主语“plane”构成动词与宾语的关系 3、在there be结构中,用不定式主动表被动 例:There is always much housework to do in the house. 这里用to do而非to be done,一定要记住~ 4、在特定句子中要用主动表被动 例: 1)The house is to let. 这房子待出租。(用to let ,而非to be let) 2)He is not to blame. 他不该被责备

英语动词不定式有主动和被动两种形式

英语动词不定式有主动和被动两种形式。当不定式所说明的人或物是不定式所表示的动作的对象,即是一种动宾关系时,不定式用被动形式。当不定式所说明的人或物是不定式所表示的动作的执行者,即是一种主动关系时,不定式用主动形式。 在某些情况下,不定式虽然与所说明的人或物是动宾关系,但仍用主动形式。这种不定式主动形式表示被动意义的情况主要有下列几种: 一、当不定式与前面的名词有动宾关系,又与句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系时,该不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。例如: I have a meeting to attend. 我有个会议要参加。(to attend与I有主谓关系) Give him some books to read. 给他一些书看。(to read与him有主谓关系) 如果不属于上述情况,则表示被动意义时仍需要用被动形式。试比较下面两句: 1. Have you anything to do this afternoon? 你今天下午有事要做吗? 2. Have you anything to be taken to the city (by me or someone else) ? 你有什么东西要带到城里去吗? 句1中主语you与不定式to do存在着逻辑上的主谓关系,to do实际上指的是you的动作,所以用主动形式表示被动意义;而句2中主语you与不定式to take不存在逻辑上的主谓关系,不定式所指的并非是you的动作,所以仍要用被动形式to be taken表示被动意义。 二、当不定式在"There be..."句型中用作定语修饰主语而表示被动意义时,一般情况下,既可以用主动形式,也可以用被动形式。在口语中用主动形式的时候更多一些。例如: There is no time to lost (to be lost). 时间紧迫,不能耽误了。 There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of). 还有好多事要处理。 但是应该注意以下两点: (1)如果不定式结构加了"for sb."表示的逻辑主语,那么用主动形式或被动形式则须视sb. 是其动作的发出者或承受者而定。例如: There are still many questions for us to discuss. 我们还有许多问题要讨论。

非谓语动词之动词不定式被动语态形

非谓语动词之动词不定式被动语态形 一、复习各种时态的被动语态 ★ 被动语态的基本结构:be+ done (以the book , publish 为例) 一般现在/过去时: The book is/ was p ublished 一般/过去将来时: The book will/would be p ublished The book is/was going to be p ublished 现在/过去进行时: The book is/was being p ublished 现在/过去完成时: The book has/had bee n p ublished 情态动词: The book can/could/may/might …be p ublished 二、不定式的被动式的基础知识: 1)一般式:(not/never )to be done 2)完成式:(not/ never )to have been done (表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前) 三、▲通常在believe, suppose, say, report等动词构成的句子中可以进行主动语态到被动语态以及被动语态和动词不定式的转换.如: They say that Mike is sick in bed. =lt is said that Mike is sick in bed. =Mike is said to be sick in bed. 据说麦克卧床不起. People believe that he was killed. =It is believed that he was killed. =He is believed to have been killed. 大家相信他被杀了. 四、当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者而非发出者时,不定式一般要采用被动形式(to be done). 语法功能: 1.作主语: It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here. 2.作宾语: She asked to be sent to work in Xinjiang.

动词的主动形式表示被动之意(附练习及答案)

动词的主动形式表示被动之意 一、系动词无被动语态:以主动形式表示被动之意 常见的系动词有: ①be 动词 ②. 起来(7 个):look/seem/appear, feel(感觉,摸起来),sou nd, smell, taste e.g. She seems/appears happy. It smells terrible. ③(逐渐)变得 /变成: become, grow, get, turn, come, go e.g. His wish has come true. People often went hungry in the old days. The tree is growing tall. ④保持: keep, stay e.g. We must keep quiet in the reading room. 二、下列动词(词组)没有被动式: 1、happen, take place, break out, belong to ,cost, take 2、不及物动词 sell, wash, read , write, open, close, shut, lock, wear 等,常用主动形式表示被动意义。 Ol、An accident was happened yesterday. (x)昨天发生了一起事故。 An accident happened yesterday. O2、 The flower smells sweet. 这花闻起来很香。 O3、 The watch looks good. 这表看起来很好。 O4、 This book sells well. 这本书畅销。 O5、 The kind of cloth washes well. 这种布很容易洗。 O6、 The article reads well. 这篇文章读起来很好。 O7、 The supermarket opens at 8:00 in the morning. 超市在早上八点钟营业。 08、The door won ' t close/sh这门关不上。 O9、 The door locks easily. 这门容易锁。

用主动形式表达被动意义

用主动形式表达被动意义 一、1、一类表示感觉、感官等的连系动词,要用主动形式表被动时,常见的动词有:feel,look,smell,sound,taste等。 The water feels cold. Sugar tastes sweet. Your idea proved to be wrong. He turned out (to be) a thief. His advice proved (to be) very helpful. 2.一类及物动词(sell, write, read, wash等)表示主语的特征或状态,而不是强调动作本身时,要用主动形式表达被动意义,后面常跟adv.修饰。 The material washes easily. The door won’t shut. The book sells very well. The pen writes smoothly. (Note:这类动词也可有被动语态,但此时强调动作的发出) The shirts were cheap and sold out fast. 二、特定动词,如need,require,want等(“需要”),如果物作主语,要用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动式作宾语。 Your composition needs rewriting.(=Your composition needs to be rewritten) The car wants repairing.(=The car wants to be repaired) 三、动词不定式结构。有些动词不定式结构在句中作定语时,往往用不定式的主动来表达被动含义。 There are a lot of problems to deal with. I have a lot of work to do. be to blame, be to let 等也用主动结构表示被动含义。 You are to blame. The house is to let. 四、形容词(词组) 有些adj如easy, difficult, hard, heavy, expensive等,它们后面接的不定式常用主动形式表达被动含义。 The physics problem is easy to work out.

动词不定式主动形式表示被动意义

动词不定式主动形式表示被动意义 1、look ,feel ,smell, sound, taste等系动词在句中做谓语 This coat feels very soft and smooth. Her voice sounds very pleasant.. The dishes taste delicious. 2.有些动词做不及物动词,用来表示主语的内在品性或性质。 如:wash, clean, cook, iron, cut , sell, read, wear, feel , draw, write , sell 等 The book sells well. This knife cuts easily. My new pen writes well. 3.在need , require, want , worth (adj )后的动名词可以主动表被动 The door needs repairing. This book is worth reading. Her mother is ill .She needs looking after. 4.在疑问词what/which/whom+不定式结构中,主动表被动 I don’t know which to choose . He asked me what to do . 5.在某些固定句型中, 动词不定式作定语, 用主动形式表被动意义。 1)have(give, show)sth. to do 在这种句型中的不定式与前边的名词有动宾关系, 又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系。例如: I have a lot of things to do this afternoon. to do与things是动宾关系, 与I是主谓关系。否则, 在表示被动意义时, 仍需要被动式。试比较: Have you anything to do this afternoon? 今天下午你有事要做吗? (to do是由you发出的) Have you anything to be taken to your parents? 你有要带给你父母的东西吗? (谁带不得而知) 再如: Please get me something to read. 请给我弄点读的材料。 He'll show you the right path to take. 他会给你指出要走的正确的路。 There is much work to do. Have you any questions to ask? Would you like something to drink? 2)It(This, That)+be+a/an+adj. + n. +to do 在这种句型中, 不定式与前面的名词有动宾关系。动词不定式可改为动词不定式复合结构。 例如: This is a difficult question to answer. 这是个难答的问题。 question与to answer为动宾关系。to answer可改为 for me to answer。

主动形式表示被动意义的十二种情况

英语的被动意义除了用及物动词的被动语态形式表示外,还可以用其他方法来表示,就像在汉语中并非一定要用“被”字来表示的被动意义一样。我们把这种用法称之为“主动表被动”,下面笔者就这种可以用主动形式表示被动意义的场合归纳如下。 1.用某些不及物动词表示被动意义,如:carry, cut, drive, iron, keep, lock, open, pick, read, shut, tear, wash, wear, write等等。这类动词既能作及物动词,也能做不及物动词。作不及物动词时,形式上虽为主动,却表示被动意义。例如:Meat cuts easily.肉容易切。 His novel sells well.他的小说畅销。 The car drove easily.这车很容易开。 Your pen writes quite smoothly.你的笔写起来很滑。 2.某些表示感觉动词的动词可以用主动形式表示被动意义。例如: This shirt feels much softer than that one. 这件衬衫比那件衬衫摸起来柔软得多。 That book smells old.那本书有一股霉味。 These oranges taste nice.这些橙子味道很好。 3.有少数动词(bind, cook, do, owe, print)的进行时有时有被动意义。在这种用法中,句子的主语都一般是指物的。例如: The magazine is binding(printing).这本杂志正在装订(印刷)。 He paid all that was owing.欠的钱他都还了。 The meat is cooking.正在火敦肉。 4.动词get, come, go之后接过去分词,表示被动意义。get的这种用法局限于口语和非正式的书面语言,更强调动作的结果而非动作本身,并常用来表示突发性的、出乎意料的偶然事件。而come和go常接含否定意义的过去分词。例如: After working selflessly in here for several years, Mr Li got promoted at last.李先生在此地无私地干了好几年,终于得到提升。 They got delayed because of the holiday traffic. 由于节日交通阻塞,他们被耽误了。 The buttons on my coat came undone.我上衣的扣子松开了。 The woman's complaints went unnoticed.那位女士的投诉无人理睬。 5.在need(want, require, deserve, etc.)doing句型中,动名词(doing)相当于动词不定式的被动式(to be done),在意思上没有多大差别。例如: The garden needs watering(to be watered).花园需要浇水。 The problem requires studying(to be studied) with great care. 这个问题需要仔细研究。 These jobs want doing(to be done) at once. 这些工作需要马上就做。 6.在bear doing, stand doing, be worth doing结构中习惯上用动名词形式,而不用动词不定式。其中值得注意的是,在be worth doing句型中,只能用动名词的主动式,而在be worthy to be done中,才能用动词不定式的被动式,两者不可混淆。例如: That won't bear thinking of.那是不堪想像的。 The little girl can't stand criticizing.小女孩经不起批评。

动词不定式主动表被动用法归纳

动词不定式有两种被动式, 即一般式和完成式, 例如do 的被动式有to be done, to have been done 。只有及物动词和相当于及物动词的短语才有不定式的被动式。一般说来, 当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者时, 该不定式要用被动式。例如: He asked to be sent to work in that factory. 他要求派他去那个工厂工作。 These books are not allowed to be taken out of the room. 这些书不许带出室外。 但在某些情况下, 不定式虽然表示被动意思, 用的 却是主动形式。常见的有下列几种情况: 一、在某些固定句型中, 动词不定式作定语, 用主动形式表被动意义。 1) have( give, show )sth. to do 在这种句型中的不定式与前边的名词有动宾关系, 又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系。例如: I have a lot of things to do this afternoon. to do 与things 是动

宾关系, 与I 是主谓关系。否则, 在表示被动意义时, 仍需要被动式。试比较: Have you anything to do this afternoon? 今天下 午你有事要做吗? ( to do 是由you 发出的) Have you anything to be taken to your parents? 你有要带给你父母的xx 吗? (谁带不得而知)再如: Please get me something to read. 请给我弄点读 的材料。 He'll show you the right path to take. 他会给 你指出要走的正确的路。 2) It ( This, That )+be+a/an+adj. +n. + to do 在这种句型中, 不定式与前面的名词有动宾关系。动词不定式可改为动词不定式复合结构。例如: This is a difficult question to answer. 这是个难答的问题。 question 与to answer 为动宾关系。to answer 可 改

主动形式表示被动含义的用法归纳

主动形式表示被动含义的用法归纳 主动语态表示被动含义是学习语态的难点,也是高考考查的热点。现归纳如下: [考查热点1] 感官动词常用作系动词(如taste,feel,smell ,sound,look,smell等),常用主动形式表示被动含义。例如:How sweet the music sounds! The flowers smell sweet. That sounds very reasonable. [考查热点2] 某些动词如cut,drive,pay,write,read,sell,keep,prove,weigh,number,drink,wear,pay,wash,open,cost,lock,last等常用主动形式表被动含义,这时常和well,easily,perfectly,badly,slowly等方式副词连用,这种用法多用来说明主语的特征、性质或所处的状态等。例如: The pen writes quite smoothly. The book sells well. [考查热点3]在too…to结构中常用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。例如: It's too good a chance to miss. [考查热点4] 有些及物动词如cook,burn,print,prepare等有时会用进行时态表示被动含义。例如: The potatoes are cooking. The dictionary is printing. [考查热点5] 在“need/want/require+V-ing”及“bear/stand+V-ing”结构中用动名词的主动形式表示被动含义,这时相当于不定式的被动式。例如: My car needs/wants/requires repairing.=My car needs/wants/requires to be repaired. [考查热点6]在There be句型中,something,anything,nothing等不定代词以及名词之后的不定式往往用主动形式表示被动含义。例如: There is nothing to do — I'm bored. There are six letters to write tonight. [考查热点7] be+to blame/to seek等结构具有的特点是作表语的不定式与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系,因而用主动形式表被动含义。例如: A better way is to seek. Nobody is to blame for the accident. [考查热点8] 当不定式所修饰的名词或代词是及物动词的直接宾语,而间接宾语是不定式的逻辑主语时,可以用不定式的主动式代替不定式的被动式。例如:

动词不定式主动表被动用法归纳

动词不定式主动表被动 用法归纳 Document serial number【UU89WT-UU98YT-UU8CB-UUUT-UUT108】

动词不定式有两种被动式, 即一般式和完成式, 例如do的被动式有to be done, to have been done。只有及物动词和相当于及物动词的短语才有不定式的被动式。一般说来, 当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者时, 该不定式要用被动式。例如: He asked to be sent to work in that factory. 他要求派他去那个工厂工作。 These books are not allowed to be taken out of the room. 这些书不许带出室外。 但在某些情况下, 不定式虽然表示被动意思, 用的却是主动形式。常见的有下列几种情况: 一、在某些固定句型中, 动词不定式作定语, 用主动形式表被动意义。1)have(give, show)sth. to do 在这种句型中的不定式与前边的名词有动宾关系, 又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系。例如: I have a lot of things to do this afternoon. to do与things是动宾关系, 与I是主谓关系。否则, 在表示被动意义时, 仍需要被动式。试比较: Have you anything to do this afternoon 今天下午你有事要做吗?(to do是由you发出的) Have you anything to be taken to your parents 你有要带给你父母的东西吗(谁带不得而知)再如: Please get me something to read. 请给我弄点读的材料。

被动语态与不定式被动形式练习

被动语态与不定式的被动形式 一、选择正确的动词形式 1. No one should be _________ fun of in the public. A. making B. to make C. made D. being made 2. Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you wouldn’t have time to ________before the party. A. get dressed B. get dress C. get dressing D. get to dress 3. —How are things going? —The disabled people ________ care of by the volunteers right now. A. are taking B. will take C. are being taken D. is being taken 4. By the end of last year, another new gymnasium ____ in Beijing. A. would complete B. was being completed C. has been completed D. had been completed 5. In 1998, this was the longest bridge that ________. A. was ever built B. had ever built C. has ever been built D. had ever been built 6. —Did you see Sandy in the manager’s office? —Yes, she ________ by the manager. A. is questioned B. was being questioned C. had been questioned D. was questioned 7. The fans hurried to the airport, only _____ they had missed the famous singer. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told 8. An exhibition of paintings ____ at the museum next week. A. are to be held B. is to be held C. are holding D.will hold 9. Tom is said _______ to another school already. A. to send B. to be sent C. to have been sent D. to have sent 10. All the applicants ______ today shall wait in this room. A. to interview B. will be interviewed C. are interviewed D. to be interviewed 二、根据句子中所缺少的成分,并使用括号内的动词适当形式补全句子。 1. The topics ________________ (discuss) next class will be sent to you by email. 2.Where to have the party ________________ (discuss)now. 3. The new bridge ________________(build)in a month. 4. The bridge ________________(build)next month will be called the East Bridge. 5. This book is said _______________________(translate) into English by 1611. 6. This book ________________________(translate) into English by 1611.

英语中主动形式表被动的用法

英语中主动形式表被动的用法 1.表示被动含义的主动动词 1)系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste(吃起来), sound (听起来), prove(证明是), feel(摸上去感到)等,例如: Your reason sounds reasonable. 你的理由听起来很合理。 Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth. 良药苦口。 2)一些与can't(不能)或won't(不会)连用的动词。常用的有: lock(锁住), shut(关上) , open(打开,营业), close(关门), cut(切割), weigh(重), act(上演),例如: The door won't open. 这门打不开。 It can't move. 它不能动。 This shop opens much earlier than it used to. Each stone weighs 2 tons. 3)一些与well(很), easily(容易地), perfectly(十分地)等连用的动词,如: sell, wash, clean, burn, cook, wash, write, last, read, wear等。这种“动词+副词”结构,常表示事物内部特有的属性。例如: The book sells well. 这种书很畅销。 These clothes wash well. 这些衣服很耐洗。 4) 用在“主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词, 例如: This material has worn thin. 这料子已磨薄了。 The dust has blown into the house. 灰尘被风吹进了房子。 This kind of cloth washes well and lasts long. The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly. Written in simple English, this article reads easily. 5) 某些不及物动词,如happen, occur, cost以及短语,如come out(出版), come up (出现), come into being(产生)come to one’s mind(想起), turn out(证明是), come about(发生), break out(爆发), belong to(属于)等,本身表被动含义,所以它们常用主动形式。 The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 18th century. Suddenly an idea came to his mind. It never occurred to me to phone you. 2.表示被动含义的主动结构 1)动名词 be worth(值得), want (=need)(需要), need(需要), require(需要)deserve(应该)等后所用的动名词,必须用主动结构表示被动意义,例如: These young seedlings will require/need looking after (=need to be looked after) carefully. 这些幼苗将需要小心的照管。 Your hair wants/needs cutting (needs to be cut). 你的头发该剪了。

动词不定式的被动语态

动词不定式的被动语态 一、复习各种时态的被动语态 ★被动语态的基本结构: be+ done 以 the book , publish 为例: 一般现在/过去时: The book_______________________________. 一般/过去将来时: The book _________________________________. The book __________________________________. 现在/过去进行时:The book ___________________________________. 现在/过去完成时:The book _____________________________________. 情态动词: The book _____________________________________. 二:动词不定式的被动语态 1. 动词不定式的被动语态有两种形式: 1)一般式(not/never )to be done 2)完成式 (not/ never)to have been done (表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前) 2. 动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用 1)做主语(常用it做形式主语) To be offered sympathy by a robot is ridiculous. (或者:____________________________________________________) 被邀请参加这个亚运会开幕式,是一大荣幸。 __________________________________________________________________ 2)做表语 The party is to be held next Saturday evening. 明年,这种新药将在500个过度肥胖的人上进行试验。 _________________________________________________________________ 3)做宾语 She didn’t like to be treated as a child. He pretended to have been beaten by his step-father.. 这位职员不希望被她的顾客嘲笑。 __________________________________________________________________ 4)做宾语补足语 Tony expected the house to be completely transformed. 这个残疾的孩子希望由这个主建筑师来设计这座电影院。 _________________________________________________________________ 5)做定语 What a victory to be envied by those women! 英国人对即将在伦敦举行的奥运会感到骄傲。 __________________________________________________________________

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