Unit2 Book3
基础梳理
Ⅰ.词汇与派生
1.diet n.日常饮食；v i.节食→______ a diet节食
2._______v t.平衡；权衡；n.天平；平衡→_______ adj.平衡的
3.lie n.谎言；v i.说谎→lie ______..(原因、事实)在于……
4._______n.折扣→______ a discount打折
5.________ n.缺点；弱点；虚弱→__________n.缺点，短处(常用复数)
6.consult v t.咨询；请教；商量→refer ______/consult
a dictionary ______ sth.＝look up sth. _____ a dictionary在词典中查阅……→__________n. 顾问；咨询者；会诊医生
7.debt n.债，债务→_______ debt欠债
8.glare v i.怒目而视；n.怒视→glare ____怒视→________at凝视→_______ at瞥一眼；扫视
9.______v i. & v t.窥视；秘密监视；n.间谍→spy ____暗中监视，侦查
10.______ v i. & n.叹息，叹气→______ n.迹象；招牌；手势；v i. & v t.签名，签字；打手势
11.curiosity n.好奇心→_______ adj.好奇的→___________curiosity出于好奇
12.hostess n.女主人；女主持人→______主人；节目主持人；主办国(城)；v t.主办；主持
13.________ n.强项，长处；力量→________ v t.巩固，加强
14.digest v i. & v t.消化；n.摘要→_______n.消化
15.limit v t.限制，限定；n.界限；限度→_________ adj.有限的
16.benefit n.利益，好处；v t. & v i.有益于，有助于；受益→______ adj.有利的；有用的，有益的
https://www.doczj.com/doc/9517876856.html,bine v t. & v i.(使)联合；(使)结合→__________ n.结合(体)，联合(体)
语境助记
Out of curiosity，I consult her about how she keeps so slim and energetic. She explains that she never discounts the strength of the balance of a diet. She benefits from more fiber and the limited amount of fat. Believe it；it’s not a lie.
学情自测
根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Sunshine and moisture(湿度) are _________(benefit) to living things.
2.It’s our duty to keep it ___________(balance).
3.Exercise and proper diet make you healthy and _________(strength).
4.They stood there，__________(glare) at each other without a word.
5. If he can________his ability with hard work，he should be very successful.
6.If the pain continues，__________(consult) your doctor.
Ⅱ.短语与拓展1.______weight体重减轻；减肥→put________ weight增加体重
2.get _______ with被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚→get _______逃离，逃脱
3.win..._______赢回；重新获得
4. be amazed ______..对……感到惊讶
5.cut ______削减；删节→cut ______切掉，剪下；切断，断绝
6.before _______不久以后→________ before很久以前；很长时间之后才……
7.(be) tired _____.对……厌烦、厌倦→(be) tired _______..由于……疲劳
学情自测
根据语境选择上述短语的适当形式填空
1.If you cheat in the exam，you’ll never __________it.
2.You ought to __________on your intake of rich foods in order to keep healthy.
3.David ___________ by writing articles for newspapers.
4.I’m sure these improvements will allow us to win_back our market share.
5.Everybody was _____________ his design.
6.That had happened_________(＝a long time earlier).We’ll know _________(＝soon).
高频考点
重点单词
1.balance n均衡；平衡；v.平衡；权衡
keep/lose one’s balance保持/失去平衡
on balance总的来说,off balance失去平衡的balance...against权衡，比较
balanced adj.平衡的
keep a balanced diet保持饮食平衡
(1)The key is to get your life back in balance.
(2)You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages.
(3)I think on balance I prefer the new education system.
2.consult v.咨询；请教；商量；查阅；参看consult a dictionary查字典
consult with sb. about/on sth.就某事与某人交换意见consult sb. about sth.向某人咨询某事
consultant n.顾问
(1) (3)We will be consulting with representatives from several different industries.
(2)He consulted with his partners about that investment.
3.benefit n.优势；利益；成效；v.使受益；得益于benefit from/by从……中受益
be of benefit to＝be beneficial to对……有益
for one’s benefit＝for the benefit of sb.为帮助某人；为某人的利益
beneficial adj.有利的；有用的
(1)One is testing with real patients，so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from.
(2)These small businesses have benefited greatly from the fall in interest rates.
(3)The new regulation will be of benefit to everyone concerned.＝The new regulation will be_beneficial_to everyone concerned.
4.glare v.怒视；n.怒视；瞪眼
glare at怒目而视
in the glare of在……的注目下
glance at看一眼，瞥一眼
at a glance一眼，立刻
at first glance乍一看
stare at凝视；盯着……看
(1)Her mother was ironing clothes and every now and then she glared at her husband，who hid behind his newspaper pretending to read.
(2)The old gentleman just stood there glaring_at the pickpocket.
(3)The sun glared down, dazzling them.
易混辨析glare，glance，stare
(1)glare侧重于怒视，暗含敌对或威胁的态度。
(2)glance指快速地看或瞥一眼。
(3)stare指由于生气、害怕或吃惊而睁大眼睛注视某人或某物。
练习
(1)They didn’t fight, but stood there _______ at one another.
(2)She is so afraid of the big dog that she ______ at it without moving a little.
(3)The chairman _______ at his watch and announced the meeting was over.
5. limit n. 限制；限度；界线vt. 限制；限定limited adj. 有限的limitless adj. 无限制的
limit sb./sth. to... 限制某人/某事到某种程度
put a limit on... 对……限制
there is a limit to对……是有限的
without limit 无限地，无限制地
1. Don't drive so fast! You must keep within the speed limit.
2. Many animals either limit their activity during the winter.
3. There’ s a limit to how much I’ m prepared to spend.
对点自测
Ⅰ.语境填词
glare，benefit，consult，balance, limit
1.Athletes need a good sense of _______.
2.They _______at each other across the table.
3.I have typed out some lecture notes for the _______of those people who were absent last week.
4._________t the timetable to see when the last train leaves.
5. The speed limit on this road is 70 mph.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1.I think we need to see an investment________before we make an expensive mistake.
A.guide
B.thinker
C.consultant
https://www.doczj.com/doc/9517876856.html,wyer
2.The teacher glanced________this student who was busy________a picture.
A.to；drawing
B.at；draw
C.at；drawing
D.at；to draw
3.Who is most likely to________the old lady’s death?
A.benefit
B.benefit from
C.be beneficial
D.be beneficial to
4.I think it’s important to keep a ________ between study and a social life.
A.distribution
B.balance
https://www.doczj.com/doc/9517876856.html,bination
D.assignment
5. Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful，but they may also________our thinking.
A.direct
B.limit
C.change
D.improve
重点短语
1.get away with(做了某事)而不受惩罚；携带……跑掉
get across解释清楚，使人了解
get along/on with进展；(与……)相处
get around/round走动；(消息)传开
get down to开始；着手
get sb.down使沮丧；使悲伤
(1)If cats and dogs can learn to get along，surely people have a good chance.
(2) She never arrives on time at the office, but she somehow managed to get away with it.
(3)News soon got around that he had resigned.
2.cut down砍倒；削减，缩小(尺寸、数量或数目)；驳倒
cut in (on sth.)插嘴；插入
cut off切断；切掉；隔绝
cut out剪除，切掉，割掉；删除
cut up切碎(＝cut...into pieces)
cut sth.in half/in two将……对半切开
(1)I wish Marie would stop cutting ____ on our conversation all the time.
(2)The electricity company is threatening to cut us ___.
(3)This article is too long, so you have to cut it ____ to 1,000 words.
(4) Before we can print this book，you will have to cut ______ all the dirty words.
3.He couldn’t have Yong Hui getting away with
telling people lies！他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉！
[解释]
have sb./sth. doing sth. 使某人或某物一直做某事have sb./sth. doing sth. 容忍某人或某物总是干have sb./sth. do sth. 使某人或某物做某事(注意不要在do之前加上to)
have sb./sth. done sth. 请人做某事(自己不去做或无法做)，(主语)遭受了不好的事情
[典例]
1). I had him waiting at the gate from eight o’ clock
this morning till now.
2). I’ ll have him finish my work.
3). I had my hair cut.
4). The woman had her handbag robbed yesterday.
对点自测
Ⅰ.选词填空
cut down，get away with, have…burning
1.He was asking $500 for the car，but we ________ to $300.
2.Those who lie and cheat will never _________it.
3.It was cold，and she_____the fire_____ all day and night.
Ⅲ.单项填空
1.In winter，some rich people fly south to________the cold weather in the north.
A.get close to
B.get away from
C.get off
D.get down to
2.If you don’t ________ your smoking，I will ________ your supply.
A.cut up；cut down
B.cut down；cut off
C.cut in；cut off
D.cut in；cut up
3.The director had her assistant ________ some hot dogs for the meeting.
A.picked up
B.picks up
C.pick up
D.picking up 4．The manager tried to explain the problem，but what he said didn’t ______ to the players.
A．get away with B．get over C．get down D．get across 5．—Did Peter fix the computer himself?
—He ________，because he doesn’t know much about computers.
A．has it fixed B．had fixed it C．had it fixed D．fixed it
语法复习-情态动词（二）
need
need 用于表示“需要，必要”之意。做情态动词时，仅用于否定句和疑问句，只有现在时，过去式要用needn't have，疑问式用need+人称?,否定式用need not(即needn't），
1．—Need we leave soon?
—Yes, you must.(No, you needn't)
2．You needn't have hurried.
(=It was not necessary for you to hurry，but you did).你当时不必这么匆忙。
做实义动词时，其变化与一般的实义动词相同，后接带to的不定式（need doing = need to be done ）,过去式用needed、did you need?和didn't need,肯定式用needs/needed/need,疑问式用do、does、did 提问，否定式要在前面加don't、doesn't、didn't
1. A job like nursing needs patience and understanding. 2．He needs to see a doctor.
3．Do you still need volunteers to help clean up after the party?
4．They didn't need to start so early.
dare
dare 用于表示“敢于”之意。做情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，主要用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中
1．—Dare you tell her the truth?
—Yes, I dare. /No, I daren’t.
3．How dare you accuse me of lying!
4．He daren’t admit this.
用作实义动词时，其变化与一般的实义动词相同。在肯定句中，dare后接带to的不定式；否定句中，dare后既可接带to的不定式，也可接不带to 的不定式。
1．Only a few journalists dared to cover the story. 2．He doesn’t dare (to) go there alone. 3．Don’t you dare (to) touch it?
情态动词+have done 用法
must have done 表示主观上对过去已经发生的行为进行推测，意为“想必，准是，一定做了某事1．She must have gone through a lot.
2．He must have visited the White House during his stay in the United States.
may/might have done 表示对过去已发生行为的推测，意为“也许/或许已经（没有）……“。一般用于肯定句或否定句中，不用于疑问句。用might 则表示语气更加不肯定。
1．You may have learnt the news.
2．He may not have heard his name called. 3．Sorry I’m late. I might have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
can…have done cannot have done 表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑和不肯定，通常用在否定句和疑问句中。（can换成could时语气委婉）1．Where can she have gone?
2．Could he have done such a foolish thing? 3．The boy can’t have finished reading the book so soon because it is difficult even to an adult.
could have done 可用于肯定句中，表示“可能已经……”之意，此外，还可以表示过去能做而没做的事，有一种对过去为付诸实施的事情的惋惜。1．He could have killed himself driving at a dangerous speed.
2．You could have been more considerate.
3．You could have done better, but you were too careless.
might have done 表示“本来可能……，但实际上没有发生的事情”。另外，还可以表示“本来应该或可以做某事”之意，含有轻微的责备语气。1．You should not swim in that sea. You might have
been eaten by a shark.
2．He might have given him more help, thought he was busy.
should/ought to have done 用于肯定句时，表示本该做某事，而实际上未做；用于否定句时，则表示不该做的事反而做了。
1．He should have known that the police would never allow this sort of thing.
2．You shouldn’t have done it so carelessly. 3．You ought to have returned the book earlier. 4．You ought not to have refused his offer. needn’t have done表示做了本来不必去做的事。注意：didn’t need to do表示“没必要做而实际上也没有做某事”
1．You needn’t have watered the plants, for it is going to rain.
2．I didn’t need to buy the dictionary. I had a copy at home.
had better have done 用于事后的建议，含轻微责备的口吻，意为“当时最好做了某事”，其否定式had better not have done表示相反的含义。
1．You had better have started earlier.
2．You had better not have scolded her.
would rather have done 表示“当时宁愿做了某事”，其否定式would rather not have done表示相反的含义，两者都表示“后悔”之意。
1．I would rather have taken his advice.
2．I would rather not have told him the truth.
练习题
1. People are recycling many things which they away in the past.
A. had thrown
B. will be throwing
C. were throwing
D. would have thrown
2. Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He _____ too much at the party last night.
A. could drink
B. should drink
C. would have drunk
D. must have drunk
3. —I’m sorry.I
—
A.shouldn’t shout
C.mustn’t shout
D.mustn’t have shouted
4. My book, The House of Hales, is missing. Who ________ have taken it?
A. need
B. must
C. should
D. could
5. Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.
A. needn’t
B. wouldn’t
C. mustn’t
D. couldn’t
6. We have bought so much food now that Suzie won’t be with us for dinner.
A．may not B．needn’t
C．can’t D．mustn’t 7- What are you doing this Saturday?
- I’m not sure, but I go to the Rolling Stones concert.
A. must
B. would
C. should
D. might
8. Rose _________ tell her mother that she didn’t pass the exam.
A．dare not to B．doesn’t dare to
C．d oesn’t dare D．dares not
9. When I was a child, I______watch TV whenever I wanted to.
A. should
B. could
C. must
D. need
10. No one be more generous; he has a heart of gold.
A. could
B. must
C. dare
D. need
11. Since nobody gave him any help, he have done the research on his own.
A. can
B. must
C. would
D. need
12. I ________ myself more—it was a perfect day.
A. shouldn’t have enjoyed
B. needn’t have enjoyed
C. wouldn’t have enjoyed
D. couldn’t have enjoyed
13. It be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.
A. may
B. couldn’t
C. should
D. needn’t
14. I’m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ___ find
the money.
A. can
B. might
C. would
D. need
15. I _use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house.
A. couldn't
B. mustn't
C. shouldn't
D. needn't
16. Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but ____ say where he was.
A. mustn’t
B. shouldn’t
C. w ouldn’t
D. mightn’t
17. ——Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?
——I am afraid you , in case he comes late for the meeting .
A.will
B.must
C.may
D.can
18.——Will you read me a story ,Mummy? ——OK. You________have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.
A. might
B. must
C. could
D. shall
19. Jack described his father, who _______a brave boy many years ago, as a strong– willed man
A. would be
B. would have been
C. must be
D. must have been
20. Liza well not want to go on the trip—
A.will
B.can
C.must
D.may
必修三【知识梳理】语文 《林黛玉进贾府》《祝福》 《林黛玉进贾府》 1、重点字词： 阜盛fù：（人家）兴盛；阜，多。敛声屏气：恭敬严肃得屏住呼吸，不敢说话。纳罕hǎn：感到奇怪。轩xuān峻：高大貌。憨hān顽：天真顽皮；憨，朴实天真。懵měnɡ懂：糊涂，不明事理。纨袴wánkù：纨绔，富家子穿细绸裤，借指富家子。 潦倒：颓丧；这里指不约束检点行为。嗔chēn视：怒时瞪眼看。草莽：杂草；这里指没有才学。颦pín：皱眉。杜撰zhuàn：虚构、编造的。忖度cǔnduó：推测。 劳什子：北方方言，东西、物件。盥ɡuàn沐：洗浴。翠幄Wò敕Chì造 便biàn宜惫bèi懒放诞dàn 嫡dí亲狡黠xiá内帏wéi 两靥y è宫绦（tāo）錾银（zàn）驯（xùn）骡罥（juàn）烟 2、古今异义： 偏僻古偏激不端正今偏远交通不便之地 / 便宜古方 便今价钱低 态度古神态今对事情的看法 / 风流古风韵今有功绩又有文采，有才学而不拘礼法 风骚古姿容俏丽今妇女举止轻佻 / 可怜古可惜今值得怜悯，怜悯，不值得一提
《西江月》二词： 无故寻愁觅恨，有时似傻如狂。纵然生得好皮囊，腹内原来草莽。潦倒不通世务，愚顽怕读文章。行为偏僻性乖张，那管世人诽谤！ 富贵不知乐业，贫穷难耐凄凉。可怜辜负好韶光，于国于家无望。天下无能第一，古今不肖无双。寄言纨袴与膏粱：莫效此儿形状！———（似贬实褒） 4、文学常识： 曹雪芹，名霑（zhān ），字梦阮，号雪芹、芹圃、芹溪。大约生于康熙五十四年（1715），卒于乾隆二十八年（1763）或二十九年（1764），确切的生卒年尚待考证。在“曹雪芹印”中有这样一首诗：我也曾金马玉堂，我也曾瓦灶绳床。你笑我名门落拓，一腔惆怅，怎知我看透了天上人间、世态炎凉！褴(lán)裳藏傲骨，愤世写群芳。 《红楼梦》，原名《石头记》。全书以贾、史、王、薛四大家族的兴衰为背景，以林黛玉和贾宝玉的爱情故事为中心，揭露了封建统治阶级的罪恶和腐朽本质，揭示了封建社会必然崩溃的历史发展趋势，是中国封建社会的百科全书，是中国古典文学的巅峰之作。 《林黛玉进贾府》是中国古典名著《红楼梦》中的精彩篇章，是全书的序幕之一，它由林黛玉的所见所闻，对这个封建大家族进行了介绍。这一节除了环境描写，最主要的作用还是通过不同的描写手法刻画了贾府的主要人物。人物的出场，历来为人们所称道。环境描写细致真实，人物语言个性鲜明，动作描写生动形象。标题点出了中心事件，题眼是“贾府”──全书的典型环境。 《林黛玉进贾府》k
教学过程 ?、课堂导入 学习下列谚语： You are what you eat. 人如其食。 First wealth is health.——Emerson 健康是人生的第一财富。 An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一天一个苹果，医生不来找。 、复习预习 教师引导学生复习上节课所学知识点，（以提问、回顾的形式进行），针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑，并通过对情态动词具体用法的分析和扩展导入本节 课所要学习的课本知识的学习。 、知识讲解
考点/易错点1重点单词与短语学习 balanee n.天平，平衡；余额，余数v.平衡；权衡balaneed adj. 均衡的 (回归课本P10) What will happen to you if you don 't eat a balanced diet? Eg: 1). Try to achieve a better bala nee betwee n work and play. 争取把工作和娱乐更好地结合起来。 2) . I must cheek my bank bala nee (= find out how much money I have in my aeeo un t). 我要核对一下我在银行的余额(看我的帐户上有多少钱) 。 3) . Try to bala nee your diet by eat ing more fruit and less prote in. 多吃些水果，少摄入些蛋白质，使饮食均衡合理。 ［归纳拓展］ a bala need diet 均衡的饮食 keep the bala nee of n ature 保持生态平衡 keep one ' s balanee 保持平衡 lose one ' s balanee (= be out of balanee) 失去平衡 think of 想，考虑 (回归课本P10) He thought of his mutt on, beef and bae on cooked in the hottest, fin est oil. (1)想起；记起Sorry, I did n't think of your n ame just now. (2)考虑We should thi nk of the matter carefully.
Unit 2Healthy eating Ⅰ.单词—在语境中默写，在联想中积累
Ⅲ.句式—在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通 第一板块| 核心单词归纳集释
[单词集成训练] Ⅰ.基础点全练 1．单句语法填空/补全句子 ①If your knowledge can (combine) with my experience, we’re sure to succeed. ③—Would you like some more chicken —No, thanks. I am a diet and I’m trying to lose weight. ④The boy showed (curious) about what was going on. ⑤The government decided to take some measures (strength) the economy. | ①Mr. S tevenson is great to work for — I really couldn’t ask for a better (good) boss. 为史蒂文森先生工作真好——我实在找不到比他更好的老板了。 ②It was not until then that I suddenly realized nobody was happier (happy) than I was. 直到那时我突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。 ③—Must I turn off the gas after cooking —Of can_never_be_too_careful with that.
Unit 2 Healthy eating 三维目标 （一）.Knowledge aims Let students learn the knowledge of balanced diet and nutrition （二）. Ability aims Enable students to talk about their eating. Understand the text and answer the following questions. （三）. Emotional aims Enable the students to learn how to talk about their eating. Develop students’ sense of cooperative learning 教学重点 Identify different groups of foods and talk about healthy eating. What kind of food did they provide for their customers, healthy or unhealthy? Why?教学难点 Understand the real meaning of healthy eating. How was the competition going on? Who would win? 教学方法 Fast and careful reading. Asking-and-answering activity to check the Ss’ understanding of the text. 教具准备 computer and a projector. 教学过程 Step1 Greetings Step2 Lead-in Step3 Warming up and speaking 一．Name some food s’name in English 二．Give some proverbs about eating 三．Ask ss what balanced food is. Step4 Reading
Unit2 Healthy eating Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 1．Many people have come to realize that they should go on __a__ balanced diet and make room in their day for exercise. 解析：句意：许多人已经意识到他们应该保持平衡的饮食，而且每天留时间进行锻炼。 a balanced diet平衡的饮食。 2．—How was your recent trip to Sichuan? —I've never had a __more__ pleasant one before. 解析：考查形容词的比较级。句意：——你最近去四川的旅行怎么样？——这是让我最为愉快的旅行了。否定词never与比较级a more pleasant构成最高级的含义。 3．—In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well. —I can't agree more.It's great to have the two__combined__(combine)． 解析：句意：——在现在这个年代，妇女可以兼顾养育子女与工作。——我非常同意。把这两者结合起来是非常棒的。 4．Since nobody gave him any help, he __must__ have done the research on his own. 解析：本题考查情态动词的用法。句意：因为没有人帮助他，他一定是自己独立完成的研究。must have done表示对过去事实的肯定推测。 5．While prices are rising so fast，many people are working out ways to cut __down__their expenses. 解析：句意：当价格飞涨时，许多人做出了削减费用的举措。cut down削减，缩短，砍倒。 6．You'd better take into account your own __strengths__(strong) and weaknesses before choosing a major. 解析：句意：在选专业之前你最好考虑你的优缺点。strength“强项，优势”，符合句意。 7．The child should be punished.You shouldn't let him get __away__ with telling lies. 解析：句意：这孩子应受到惩罚。他撒谎你不应该不处罚他。get away with侥幸成功；逃脱处罚。 8．—Are you pleased with what he has done? —Not a bit.It couldn't be any __worse__(bad)． 解析：考查形容词的比较级。答语中的Not a bit表示“一点儿也不”，由此可知，第二个说话人认为他做的事情糟糕透顶，此处是否定词与比较级连用表示最高级含义。 9．Mr.Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn't ask for a __better__(good) boss. 解析：考查比较级用法。“can't/couldn't...＋比较级”表示最高级含义。根据前半句“Mr.Stevenson is great to work for”可知，Stevenson是一个不错的老板，因此说“我真的找不到个比他更好的老板了”，表示在我看来他是最好的。 10．Whom do you expect to have __solve__(solve) the problem of overloaded school buses?
Unit 2 Healthy eating 技能目标Skill Goals Talk about healthy diet Make suggestions or giving advice on diet Distinguish the meanings of Modal verbs Make a balanced menu 功能句式Practice talking about your ideas Yes, I think so. I don’t think so. I agree. I don’t agree. That’s correct. Exactly. That’s exactly my opinion. You’re quite right. I don’t think you are right. I quite agree with you. I’m afraid I don’t agree / disagr ee with you. Of course not. I’m afraid not. All right. That’s a good idea. Certainly. / Sure. No problem. Practice giving advice and suggestions You must / must not... 词汇1. 四会词汇 diet, nut, bean, pea, cucumber, eggplant, pepper, mushroom, peach, lemon, balance, barbecue, mutton, roast, fry, stir-fry, ought, bacon, slim, curiosity, hostess, raw, vinegar, lie, customer, discount, weakness, strength, consult, fiber, digest, carrot, debt, glare, spy, limit, benefit, breast, garlic, sigh, combine 2. 认读词汇 protective, spaghetti, protein, crisp, kebab, sugary, muscle, calmly, cooperation 3. 词组 get away from, balanced diet, ought to, lose weight, tell a lie, win… back, earn one’s living, in debt, spy on, cut down, before long, put on weight 语法The use of ought to 1. Statements You ought to cook fresh vegetables and meat without too much fat if you want to stay slim. You ought not to eat the same kind of food at every meal. 2. Difficulty
1．complain vi. & vt.抱怨；发牢骚；投诉 [P20教材原文]Nothing good can come to a nation whose people only complain and expect others to solve their problems. 如果一个国家的人民只会抱怨，指望别人解决他们的问题，那么这个国家就不会有什么好风气。 [归纳拓展] (1)complain (to sb.) of/about (doing) sth. (向某人)投诉/抱怨(做)某事；(向某人)发牢骚 complain (to sb.) that... (向某人)抱怨…… (2)complaint n．抱怨；投诉；控告 make a complaint about/of sth. 抱怨/投诉某事 make a complaint to sb. 向某人抱怨/投诉 She complained to us that no one had been at the airport to pick her up. 她向我们抱怨说没人去机场接她。 If you wish to make a complaint about that, you should see the manager. 如果你要对此投诉，你应该去找经理。 一句多译 我写信向你投诉你们宾馆服务差。 ①I'm writing to ________________________the bad service of your hotel. (complain) ②I'm writing to ________________________________the bad service of your hotel. (complaint) 2．pick up捡起；收拾；整理；(偶然)学会；用车接某人；收听到；(身体)好转[P20教材原文]He picked himself up and angrily went away. 他站起来，愤怒地走开了。 [归纳拓展] pick oneself up(摔倒后)站起来 pick out 挑出；挑选；辨别出 pick sb. to do sth. 选中某人做某事 pick one's pocket 扒窃；掏包 He picked up his suitcase and climbed the stairs. 他拎起手提箱，爬上了楼梯。 I picked up some highly useful old books. 我偶然得到了几本极为有用的旧书。 Remember that time she picked up my daughter when I was ill? 还记得那次我生病，她替我接女儿吗？ (1)一词多义(写出下列句中黑体部分的含义) ①It's surprising that your brother picked up Russian so quickly—he hasn't lived there very long ②Is there any possibility that you pick me up at the airport？ ③After careful treatment, his health gradually picked up. (2)完成句子 ④国庆节期间，许多志愿者和我捡拾游客丢弃的垃圾。 During the National Day, many volunteers and I
高中英语必修三第二单元知识点总结第二单元 ）diet 作名词，表示“日常饮食”。 be/goondiet节食 作动词，表示“节食“。 2）区别energy，strength，power和force： energy主要指人的精力，工作或活动的能力，自然界的能等。 power主要指做一件事情所依靠的的能力，功能，人或机器等事物所潜在的或所发挥出来的力量，职权，权力或政权。 force主要指自然界中的力量，暴力，势力，说服力，压力，法律，道德或情感的力量，军事的力量。 strength指一人或一物所含的内在的力量，能用以从事，忍受，或抵抗很多事物。 3）balance 作名词，表示“天平，秤；平衡，平稳“。 be/hanginthebalance不确定的，尚未决定的 keepone’sbalance保持平衡
onbalance考虑周全，总的来说 strikeabalance找出折中办法，妥协 作动词，表示“权衡，平衡”；balanceAagainstB权衡利弊。 4）sign 作名词，表示“记号，符号，标志，标记，手势，迹象，指示牌”等。 作动词表示“签名，签署，示意，做手势”。 insignof作为……的记号；表示……的。 makenosignof没有……的样子（迹象），没有表示…… signfor签约应聘或受雇 signforsth签收某物 signsbon/up使某人签约受雇 signup注册参加（俱乐部，课程） 5）sigh sighover…为……叹息 sighfor想念，思念 sighout/forthsth边叹息边说出…… 6）slim 作形容词，表示“苗条的，纤细的，小的”。 作动词，表示“变细，减肥”。 slimdown减肥，缩减。
语文必修三知识梳理 一：重点词语 阜盛敕造顾盼神飞厮认有天无日膏粱弱柳扶风少不更事沸反盈天执拗诡秘一夫当关万夫莫开如距深渊畏葸不前艰难困苦玉汝于成抱恨终生青衫泪湿 二：重点文常 1：《红楼梦》与曹雪芹2：《祝福》与鲁迅3：《老人与海》与海明威 4：《蜀道难》的体裁5：《孟子》《荀子》二书作者的时代和思想 6：韩愈与古文运动7：巴尔扎克与《高老头》 三：出自课本的作文素材 1：两弯似蹙非蹙罥烟眉，一双似喜非喜含情目。态生两靥（yè）之愁，娇袭一身之病。泪光点点，娇喘微微。闲静时如姣花照水，行动处似弱柳扶风。心较比干多一窍，病如西子胜三分。 2：“一艘船越过世界的尽头，驶向未知的大海，船头上悬挂着一面虽然饱经风雨剥蚀却依旧艳丽无比的旗帜，旗帜上，舞动着云龙一般的四个字闪闪发光——超越极限！”作者海明威是这样评价他的作品《老人与海》的。“一个人并不是生来就要被打败的”，“人尽可以被毁灭，但却不能被打败。”这就是《老人与海》想揭示的哲理。不可否认，只要是人就都会有缺陷。当一个人承认了这个缺陷并努力去战胜它而不是去屈从它的时候，无论最后是捕到一条完整的马林鱼还是一副空骨架，这都已经无所谓了，因为一个人的生命价值已在那追捕马林鱼的过程中充分地体现了。曾经为自己的理想努力追求过、奋斗过，难道他不是一个胜利者吗？老渔夫就是敢于挑战自身缺陷及自己勇气和信心的胜利者。从世俗胜利观的角度看，老渔夫不是最后的胜利者，因为尽管开始他战胜了大马林鱼，但是最终大马林鱼还是让鲨鱼吃了，他只是带着大马林鱼的白骨架子回到了岸上，也就是说，鲨鱼才是胜利者。可是，在理想主义者眼里，老渔夫就是胜利者，因为他始终没有向大海没有向大马林鱼更没有向鲨鱼妥协和投降。就如音乐大师贝多芬所说“我可以被摧毁，但我不能被征服”。 3：活又不能，死也不敢的祥林嫂。对于封建礼教横加给她的种种迫害与摧残，她进行过不间断的挣扎与抗争：在被虐待、被迫再嫁时，她挣扎她抗争；面对人们的嘲弄、侮辱与伤害，她给以无言的抗议；对灵魂的有无，她表现了怀疑。这一切都表明，她是一个很顽强而不容易被摧垮的人，但是在封建礼教和封建迷信的双重打击和人们的风刀霜剑中，她不但连起码的做人的资格都没有争到，反而被吞噬被毁灭了。祥林嫂的挣扎与抗争，完全是出于自发的，而且本身就带有浓厚的封建礼教和封建迷信色彩。她要维护人的尊严，她要争取参与年终祝福盛宴的基本人权。然而，她捐了门槛赎了“罪”后，仍被鲁四爷、四婶视为不洁不祥的人，她争取不到这第五权———人权。一句“你放着吧，祥林嫂”使她失神落魄，形体也差了。“受了炮烙似的”是《祝福》的高潮所在，震撼力接近希腊悲剧《俄狄浦斯王》中俄王刺瞎自己双目那一幕。祥林嫂从此“下滑”，离开鲁家，成为乞丐，后来“穷死”了。性格上执着地维护她的尊严，争取应有的人权，是她悲剧的致命性成因。《诗学》说悲剧人物的不幸，“不是由他的败德或邪恶而来，而是来自某些错误或软弱”。这就是悲剧性弱点（hamartia）。祥林嫂的悲剧性弱点是她性格上的执着。 4：学者柏杨先生认为，中国固然繁华，但与王昭君何干？她只能困在宫廷的小小天地。而宫廷的小小天地，在匈奴汗国也是一样，拥有顶尖的享受。并且，就在王昭君辞行后当年，公元前33年汉元帝刘奭就死了。如果把她留下，最好的结局不过一个被汉元帝偶尔玩过的普通小宫女而已。她将守着灵枢，老死坟园。事实上，王昭君嫁给呼韩
高一英语必修三 Unit2 Healthy eating WE ARE WHAT WE EAT 优质课说课教案 一、说教材教学内容分析 WE ARE WHAT WE EAT是一篇介绍“饮食习惯”的文章，包括传统饮食习惯的改变，基于食物 营养和饮食信仰的日常饮食选择以及营养补充胶囊和减肥 食谱的必要与否。旨在让学生明白健康的饮食习惯的养成是 拥有健康体魄的前提，健康体魄是融人21世纪，面对社会 挑战的保证。本篇文章生词量较大，知识含量较高，标题较 抽象，各段主题句分布不太明显。且大部分学生对饮食与健 康的关系了解较少。因此，本文的学习难度较大。教学目 标根据新颁布的普通高中《英语课程标准》关于阅读课主 要教学目标的具体描述，结合本课教学内容，具体从语言知 识、语言技能、情感态度和文化意识三个方面制定如下教学 目标。 1. 语言知识目标： a)使学生了解protein, calcium 等基本营养成分的来源和主要功能，健康的饮食习惯是健康 的保证，以及素食主义等信息。 b)学习掌握有关营养成分 与食物的词汇，如：protein、calcium 、carbohydrate 、fibre、 mineral、 vitamin 、vegetarian & vegan、 green food and clean food 、eco-food and organic food等， 以及 keep up with ，The same goes for…以及as 和only 引导的倒装句的用法。 2. 语言技能目标： a)使学生
学会克服生词障碍，通过略读，寻找文章的主题句，理清文 章的总体框架与脉络；通过查读，捕捉文章的重要细节，理 解作者的写作意图。 b) 使学生学会运用各种猜词技巧，猜 测部分生词在具体的语言环境的含义。 c) 使学生能够运用所学知识，用英语为自己所熟悉的一个人设计一份“healthy diet”，并阐明设计的依据。 3.情感态度与文化意识目标： a）使学生学会审视自己、审视食物，提高养 成健康饮食习惯的意识。 b）使学生懂得：健康是做好一切 事情的根本。要想有强健的体魄，除了合理安排好一天的生 活以外，还需要有科学、卫生的饮食习惯，每天一定量的体 育活动和体力劳动。青少年必须有健康的身体，长大以后才 能成为一位具有现代科学文化，适合时代要求的合格劳动 者。 c）使学生学会关心他人，体贴他人，并养成较强的合 作意识。 d）让学生了解一些不同的饮食观念及主张，加深 对世界饮食文化的了解，弘扬中华民族饮食文化的精髓,培养爱国主义精神。教学重点和难点：根据新颁布的普通高中《英语课程标准》关于读的技能目标的具体描述，结合高 一学生实际和对教材内容的科学分析，确定本环节的主要教 学重点和难点是: 1．重点 1）让学生认识到饮食对健康的 重要影响。 2）侧重培养学生对文章的整体性结构的把握， 突出培养学生以下3个方面的能力： a.文章中心把握能力。 b.根据主题快速捕捉文章重点细节的能力。 c.猜词能力。
必修3基础知识梳理 第1章：人体的内环境与稳态 第1节细胞生活的环境 一、体内细胞生活在细胞外液中 （一）体液：由细胞内液（约占2/3）和细胞外液（约占1/3）组成。 细胞内液 体液 细胞外液组织液 （内环境）淋巴 二、细胞外液的成分 1 三、细胞外液的渗透压和酸碱度及其与外界环境的关系 （一）渗透压 1、血浆渗透压的决定因素：主要由无机盐和蛋白质含量决定，其中细胞外液的渗透压90% 以上是由Na＋和Cl－决定的。 （二）酸碱度： 1、正常人的血浆近中性，pH为7.35～7.45。 2、维持因素：与含有HCO3－、HPO42－等离子有关。 （三）温度： 四、内环境与外界环境的关系：内环境是细胞与外界环境进行物质交换的媒体。 物质交换过程如图所示： 1、直接与内环境的物质交换有关的系统有四个：消化、呼吸、泌尿、循环四大系统。 2、人的呼吸道、消化道、膀胱等由孔道与外界相连。储存的液体也直接与外界接触，所以 这些液体不属于体液。
第2节内环境稳态的重要性 一、稳态：稳态是指正常机体通过调节作用，使各个器官系统协调活动，共同维持内环境的相对 稳定状态。 二、稳态调节机制的认识和意义 1、认识 ①稳态的基础是各器官系统协调一致地正常运行 ②调节机制：神经-体液-免疫 2、稳态意义：机体进行正常生命活动的必要条件 第2章动物和人体生命活动的调节 第1节通过神经系统的调节 一、神经调节的结构基础和反射 1、神经元 神经元的结构：由细胞体、树突、轴突构成 2、反射：是神经系统的基本活动方式。是指在中枢神经系统参与下，动物体或人体对内外 环境变化作出的规律性应答。 3、反射弧：是反射活动的结构基础和功能单位。 组成：感受器、传入神经、神经中枢、传出神经、效应器 二、兴奋在神经纤维上的传导 1、兴奋传导形式：是以电信号的形式沿着神经纤维传导的，这种电信号也叫神经冲动。 2、兴奋传导过程：静息电位（外正内负）→刺激→兴奋部位（外负内正）→兴奋部位与未 兴奋部位间形成局部电流（膜外：未兴奋部位→兴奋部位；膜内：兴奋部位→未兴奋部位）→兴奋向未兴奋部位传导（注意区分膜内和膜外的变化不一样） 3、兴奋的传导的方向：双向 三、兴奋在神经元之间的传递 （1）神经元之间的兴奋传递就是通过突触实现的 突触：包括突触前膜、突触间隙、突触后膜
B3Unit2 补充： pork 猪肉peach 桃子lemon 柠檬cucumber 黄瓜eggplant茄子pea 豌豆mushroom蘑菇bean 豆子pepper 辣椒kebab烤羊肉串protective 给予保护的 vitamin 维生素protein 蛋白质mutton 羊肉kebabs 烧烤mutton 羊肉spaghetti 意大利面nut 坚果vinegar 醋 garlic 蒜 重点单词 1.diet n.日常饮食vi.节食daily diet a healthy diet low-salt diet 2.protect vt.保护 protection n.保护 protective adj.保护的protect...from... protective clothing 3.balance vt. 平衡，权衡 c. 天平，称u.平衡，均衡 weigh v.→ weight n. lose weight put on weight/gain weight keep/lose one’s balance out of balance sense of balance v.（使）保持平衡，（使）均衡，权衡 keep a balanced diet balance the budget
balance between...and... 4.slim vi.变细，减肥 adj.苗条的，纤细的 a slim body/figure体型 slim salary 薪水 a slim chance of success 渺茫的成功的机会 5.sign v.签名，示意 n. 指示牌，标记，手势，迹象signal n.信号v.发信号a road/traffic sign sign language手语 sign to示意 sign up for报名参加，登记注册6.curiosity n. 好奇心curious adj.好奇的curiously adv.好奇地7.hostess n.女主人，女主持人host n.主人v.主持 raw adj.生的，未加工的 raw vegetables 8.lie v.说谎，躺下n.谎言 tell sb a lie lie to sb a white lie 一个善意的谎言 vi. 说谎lie,lied,lied,lying vi 躺lie,lay,lain,laying vt. 放置，下蛋lay,laid,laid,laying 9.customer n.顾客，消费者regular customer常客 custom n.习俗，习惯 customs n.海关 10.discount n.折扣v.打折扣 a discount shop/store discount prices/fares
高中历史必修三知识点总结 专题一中国传统文化主流思想的演变 一、春秋战国时期的百家争鸣 1、百家争鸣 （1）争鸣的背景：社会大变革。包括：井田制瓦解，分封制崩溃，战争频繁，私学兴起。 （2）争论的问题：核心问题是如何治国（德治、仁政，法治，无为而治），还有人性问题、人与人的关系问题、人与自然的关系问题等。 （3）争鸣的影响：是一次思想解放运动，奠定了中国传统思想文化发展的基础。2、孔子、孟子和荀子与儒家思想的形成 （1）孔子的成就 思想上：创立儒学，提出“仁”、“礼”和“德治”的主张。 教育上：创办私学，总结出一些教育教学方法。 典籍上：编订“六经”。 [附]孔子的重要言论己欲立而立人；己欲达而达人；己所不欲，勿施于人。有教无类，因材施教。道之以德，齐之以礼。为政以德，譬如北辰，居其所而众星拱之。 （2）孟子的主张：人性善，民贵君轻，仁政。 [附]孟子的重要言论民为贵，社稷次之，君为轻。天时不如地利，地利不如人和。（3）荀子的主张：人性恶，通过学“礼”来改变；可以利用自然规律来造福人类。[附]荀子的重要言论君舟也，民水也，水能载舟，亦能覆舟。天行有常……制天命而用 之。 二、汉代儒学成为正统思想 1、董仲舒的主张：大一统；罢黜百家，独尊儒术；天人合一，天人感应，君权神授。（另：三纲五常） 2、汉武帝的措施：罢黜百家，独尊儒术；设立太学，推广儒学。
[目的：加强专制集权。影响：加强了专制集权，儒学成为正统思想] 三、宋明理学 1、程朱理学 （1）“二程”（理学的开创者）指程颐、程颢，其主要观点有：天理是万物的本原，伦理道德就是天理，天理的核心是“仁”。 （2）朱熹（理学的集大成者）的主要观点是：理气论；存天理，灭人欲。 2、王阳明（守仁）的心学观点是：理在心中（心即理也，心外无物）；致良知（加强道 德修养，克服人欲，恢复人原有的善良本性）；知行合一（知和行都产生于心，要用良知来支配自己的行为实践） 四、明清之际的儒学 1、李贽“离经叛道”（反正统，异端）观点：反对“圣人”；认为人的物质生活就是天理。 2、明清之际三大思想家指：黄宗羲（著《明夷待访录》）、顾炎武（著《日知录》、《天 下郡国利病书》）、王夫之，三人思想的共同之处有：反对君主专制，提倡工商皆本，主张经世致用。顾炎武还有“天下兴亡，匹夫有责”的思想，王夫之在哲学方面成就突出。[言论：黄—天下为主，君为客；天下之治乱，不在一姓之兴亡，而在万民之忧乐；以“天下之法”取代“一家之法”； 公其是非于学校。顾—人君之于天下，不能以独治也……以天下之权，寄天下之人] 五、儒学的兴衰历程：见提纲 专题二古代中国的科学技术与文学艺术 一、科技成就 1、四大发明出现及完成：造纸—甘肃西汉墓出土了纸，东汉有“蔡侯纸”；指南针—战国名“司南”，宋时用于航海；火药—唐宋时用于军事；印刷—隋唐出现雕版印刷，《金
Unit 2. Healthy Eating Teaching aims and demands: 1.Topics:Problems with diet ;Balanced diet and nutrition 2.Words and expressions 3.Functions: 1)Suggestions and advice You must /must not… ; What should I do? I think you ought to …; I suppose you had better… Perhaps you should… Do you think you could give me some advice? 2)Seeing doctors What’s the matter? What’s wrong? What seems to be the trouble? How long have you been like this? 3)Agreement and disagreement. I don’t agree. Of cause not. I don’t think so. All right. That’s a good idea. No problem. Certainly /sure Yes, I think so. I’m afraid not. 4. Grammar: The use of ought to You ought to cook fresh vegetables and meat without too much fat If you want to stay slim. You ought not to eat the same kind of food at every meal.
Unit 2 Healthy eating知识点归纳 2. provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. supply sb. with sth .= supply sth. to sb. offer sb. sth / offer to do sth. 4. frustrated 修饰人或者人的声音，表情frustrating 令人沮丧的 be frustrated with 对….感到沮丧 5. ought to （1）表示责任，义务 He ought to look after his sister. （2）表示建议或劝告 You ought to study hard. 你应该努力学习。 （3）ought to 的否定形式ought not to （4）ought to have done = should have done 过去应该做而未做 6.think of （1）想起；记起Sorry, I didn’t t hink of your name just now. （2）考虑We should think of the matter carefully. （3）为…着想Chen Guangbiao is always thinking of the poor people in the poor areas. （4）想；打算I am thinking of giving up smoking. think about想；考虑think much of 对…评价很高think highly / well of 高度评价think out 想出 think badly / little of认为不好think over 仔细考虑 7. 情态动词 must, may, might, should 用于肯定猜测；can / could用于否定和疑问猜测。 （1）表示对现在情况的猜测，用“情态动词+动词原形” He must be in the classroom. 他一定在教室。 （2）表示对过去情况的猜测，用“情态动词+ have +过去分词” The ground is wet, it might have rained last night. 地是湿的，昨晚可能下雨了。 （3）can / could 用于疑问句表示“可能…吗”；用于否定句表示“不可能”。 ---It can’t be him. He has gone to Xi’an.不可能是他，他去西安了。
精品文档 Unit 2 Healthy eating COME AND EAT HERE (I) Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated. It had been a very s trange morning. Usually he got up early and prepared his menu of barbecued mutton kebabs, roast pork, stir-fried vegetables and fried rice. Then by lunchtime they would all be sold. By now his restaurant ought to be full of people. But not today! Why was that? What could have happened? He thought of his mutton, beef and bacon cooked i n the hottest, finest oil. His cola was sugary and cold, and his ice cream was made of milk, cream and delicious fruit. “Nothing could be better,” he thought. Suddenly he s aw his friend Li Chang hurrying by. “Hello, Lao Li,” he called. “Your usual?” But L i Chang seemed not to hear. What was the matter? Something terrible must have happ ened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did. Wang Peng followed Li Chang into a new small restaurant. He saw a sign at the d oor. Tired of all that fat? Want to lose weight? Come inside Yong Hui’s slimming restaurant. Only slimming foods served here. Make yourself thin again! Curiosity drove Wang Peng inside. It was full of people. The hostess, a very thin l ady, came forward. “Welcome,” she said. “My name is Yong Hui. I’ll help you lose w eight and be fit in two weeks if you eat here every day.” Then she gave a menu to Wa ng Peng. There were few choices of food and drink on it: just rice, raw vegetables ser ved in vinegar, fruit and water. Wang Peng was amazed at this and especially at the p rices. It cost more than a good meal in his restaurant! He could not believe his eyes. He threw down the menu and hurried outside. On his way home he thought about hi s own menu. Did it make people fat? Perhaps he should go to the library and find out. He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies! He had better do some research! At the library Wang Peng was surprised to find that his restaurant served far too much fat and Yong Hui’s far too little. Even though her customers might get thin afte r eating Yong Hui’s food, they were not eating enough energy-giving food to keep the m fit. They would become tired very quickly. Wang Peng felt more hopeful as he dro ve back home. Perhaps with a discount and a new sign he could win his customers b ack. So he wrote: Want to feel fit and energetic? Come and eat here! Discounts today! Our food gives you energy all day! The competition between the two restaurants was on!