11规则大连海事最新轮机英语题库翻译（一）
作者：系统管理员来源：发布时间： [2014-02-21] 点击数： 761
第一节 1.1.1
1. With____, the engine needs not to be aligned with reduction or propeller shaft.
A. diesel engine propulsion
B. diesel electric propulsion
C. steam engine propulsion
D.gas turbine propulsion
B对于发电式柴油机，发动机不需要与减速齿轮或螺旋桨轴对中。
2. The_____ engine is used for alternators and sometimes for main propulsion with
a gearbox to provide a propeller speed of between 90 and120 r/min.
A. four-stroke
B. slow-speed
C. two-stroke
D. reversible
A 四冲程柴油机用于交流发电机，有时用于主推进装置，带有减速齿轮箱，提供螺旋桨的速度为90-120转/分。
3. Each type of engine has its applications, which on board ship have resulted in the slow-speed main propulsion diesel operating ______cycle.
A. on four-stroke
B. both on two-stroke and on four-stroke
C. on two-stroke
D. either on two-stroke or on four-stroke
C 每种柴油机都有其船上的应用，低速柴油机是以二冲程循环来工作的。
4. Most often a(n) ______ is attached to the engine-propeller shaft for efficient electric power generation.
A. variable-speed AC generator
B. fixed-speed AC generator
C. air blower
D.DC generator
A 通常变速交流发电机与发动机螺旋桨轴相连，为了更有效地发电。
5. The slow-speed main propulsion diesel operates on two-stroke cycle. At this low speed the engine requires no reduction gearbox between it and _____.
A. thrust blocks
B. flying wheel
C. propeller
D. rudder
C低速主推进柴油机以二冲程来工作，在低速下，机桨间不需要减速齿轮箱。
6. When the piston is pushed down, it forces the engine to do work on the crankshaft which in turn drives the ______.
A. ship’s rudder
B. turning gear
C. ship’s propeller
D. thrust bearing
C当活塞位于膨胀冲程时，它将迫使发动机对曲轴做功，曲轴反过来驱动船舶的螺旋桨。7. Typical marine propulsion plants include______ directly coupled to the vessel’s single large-diameter fixed-pitch propeller.
A. a single acting, long-stroke, slow-speed, turbocharged, two-stroke diesel engine.
B. a single acting, long-stroke, medium-speed, turbocharged, four-stroke diesel engine
C. two medium-speed, turbocharged, four-stroke diesel engines
D. a variable-speed AC generator
A典型的船用主推进装置包括单作用，长冲程，低速，涡轮增压的二冲程柴油机，直接与大直径的定距螺旋桨联轴。
8. The term “ship” is used to denote a _____ employed to transport goods and persons from one point to another over water.
A. barge
B. vehicle
C.
tank D. lighter
B 船舶就是在水上用来运输货物及转移旅客的一种运输装置。
9. Ship propulsion normally occurs with the help of a _____, which is the term most widely used in English, although the word “screw” is sometimes seen, inter alia in combinations such as a “twin-screw” propulsion plant.
A. thruster
B. screw
C. rivet
D. propeller
D 船舶推进通常在螺旋桨的帮助下进行。
10. Today, the primary source of propeller power is the _____, and the power requirement and rate of revolution very much depend on the ship’s hull form and the propeller design.
A. diesel engine
B. steam turbine
C.gas turbine
D. nuclear plant
A 当今，作为螺旋桨的动力驱动是柴油机。
11. The three largest categories of ships are container ships, ______ (for bulk goods such as grain, coal, etc.) and tankers, which again can be divided into more precisely defined classes and types.
A. bulk carriers
B. general cargo ships
C. passenger ships
D. reefers
A 船舶的三大类是集装箱、油轮以及散货。
12. When a ship in loaded condition floats at an arbitrary water line, its displacement is _____the relevant mass of water displaced by the ship.
A. larger than
B. less than
C. equal to
D. twice as large as
C 当船舶在任意水线漂浮时，它的容积等于它的最大排水量。
13. Displacement comprises the ship’s light weight and its deadweight, where the_____ is equal to the ship’s loaded capacity including bunkers and other supplies necessary for the ship’s propulsion.
A displacement B. light weight C. heavy weight D. deadweight D容量包含船舶的空载和载重，载重量指的是负载容量。
14. Besides the metric ton (1000kg), there is the English ton (1016kg), which is also called the”_____”.
A. long ton
B. light weight
C. middle ton
D. cold ton
A长吨指的是1016千克。
15.The light weight of a ship is not normally used to indicate the size of a ship, whereas the _____of the ship, based on the ship’s loading capacity, including fuel and lube oils, etc. for operation of the ship, measured in tons at scantling draught, often is.
A. displacement tonnage
B. light weight tonnage
C. heavy weight tonnage
D. deadweight tonnage
D 船舶的载重吨位是指船舶的负载容量，包括燃油，滑油等。
16. The influence of frictional and residual resistances depends on how much of the hull is____ the waterline, while the influence of air resistance depends on how much of the ship is _______the waterline.
A. below/above
B. below/below
C. above/below
D. above/above
A摩擦阻力的影响取决于水线之下船体的位置，然而空气阻力的影响取决于水线之上船体的位置
17. Wave resistance refers to the energy loss caused by waves created by the vessel during its propulsion through the water, while eddy resistance refers to the loss caused by flow separation which creates eddies, particularly at the ______ of the ship.
A.aft end
B. fore end
C. middle
D. deck
A波浪阻力是指在船舶前进过程中所产生的波浪而引起的能量损失，然而漩涡阻力指的是流动分离产生漩涡所导致的损失，特别是在船舶的后部
18. Some medium-speed and high-speed diesel engines require reduction gear units to provide a useful propeller speed. In most reduction gears, the bull gear ______.
A. must churn the oil in the sump.
B. is connected to the propeller shaft
C. is driven at the highest speed.
D. compensates for alignment variations between the engine and pinion gear.
B一些中高速柴油机需要减速齿轮来提供螺旋桨的速度，在大多数减速齿轮中，大齿轮与螺旋桨轴链接。
19. When used with reversing reduction gears, medium-speed diesel engines should be bolted to their foundations with fitted bolts at the drive end and clearance (loosely fitted) bolts in other locations. This is done to_______.
A. maintain alignment when the ship’s hull is working in heavy seas
B. ensure engine vibrations correspond to the natural frequency of the hull
C. permit the engine to expand away from the driven equipment as the engine heats up and expands
D. maintain engine thrust bearing clearances
C当使用换向减速齿轮时，中速柴油机应该在驱动端用紧配螺栓固定在底座上，在其它位置用间隙螺栓固定。这有利于当发动机加热时，膨胀远离驱动设备。
20. Pitting in the area close to the pitch line and on the same end of each gear tooth of a reduction gear unit world be caused by_______.
A. corrosion on the gear
B. excessive gear speed
C. dirt in the oil
D. misalignment of the gears
D减速齿轮的齿条同轴端的螺距线附近的凹痕是因为齿轮不对中而引起的。
21. Since most medium-speed diesel engines are non-reversible, what is usually used to cater for astern thrust?
A. reversing gear.
B. controllable pitch propeller.
C. fixed-pitch propeller.
D. a clutch.
B
因为大多数中速柴油机是不可逆转的，变距桨通常被用来倒车推进。
1.1.2
1._____are increasingly used as main engine on merchant vessels, because they have
a high power/mass ratio.
A. slow-speed diesel engines
B. medium-speed diesel engines
C. steam engines
D. gasoline engines
B
中速柴油机作为主机广泛使用在商船上，因为他们有大的功率重力比
2. Propulsion of the vast majority of contemporary merchant ships (especially container ships and VLCCs) utilizes______ as prime mover.
A.gas turbines
B. diesel engine
C. steam engine
D. gasoline engine
B大多数现代商船（特别是集装箱和超大型油轮）使用柴油机作为原动机。
3. As a heat engine, _____ energy is the source of power by which the diesel engine can be operated.
A. electric
B. mechanical
C. heat
D. exhaust
C作为热机，柴油机运行的动力来源是热能
4. The diesel engine is a type of _____.
A. turbine engine
B. steam engine
C.gas turbine
D. internal combustion engine
D柴油机是一种内燃机
5.We call a ship equipped with diesel main engine a(n)”______”。
A.tug boat
B.oil tanker
C. salvage ship
D. motor vessel
D 船舶用柴油机作为动力被称为机动船舶
6. The term medium-speed diesel engine is currently taken to mean an engine with an operating rotational speed of _____ r/min.
A. below 300
B. above 1000
C. between 300 to 1000
D. below 1000 C中速柴油机的旋转速度一般在300-1000转每分
7. The majority of medium-speed and high-speed marine diesel engines for main or auxiliary drive operate on ______cycle.
A. two-stroke
B. long-stroke
C. four-stroke
D. short-stroke
C大多数中高速船用柴油机一般以四冲程循环为主
8. If a diesel engine operates at about 700 r/min, then what is it known as?
A. a slow-speed diesel engine
B. a high-speed diesel engine
C. a medium-speed diesel engine
D. none of the other alternatives
C 700转/分被称为中速柴油机
9. Hitachi B&W, two-stroke, single acting reversible, crosshead, welding design type diesel engine with turbocharger. This information refers to ______.
A. the type of a pump
B. the type of an auxiliary equipment
C. the type of a turbocharger
D. the type of diesel engine
D 日立B&W，二冲程，单作用换向，十字头，焊接设计的柴油机带有涡轮增压器，这些都是柴油机的类型。
10. Of all types of commercial internal combustion engines now built, which one usually gives the best performance, and hence it is quite commonly used in marine applications, especially in large sizes?
A. steam engine
B. gasoline engine
C.gas turbine D .diesel engine
D在商用的内燃机中，能产生最好的性能，广泛地使用在船用装置中，大尺寸的是柴油机。
11. Diesel engines instead of steam engines were used as main engine on board ships is mainly because _____.
A. they have high mechanical efficiency
B. they have high thermal efficiency
C. they are more reliable
D. they are simple in construction
B 柴油机代替蒸汽轮机作为主机使用在船舶上，因为柴油机有高的热效率。
12. Among the main propulsion units on board the ship with the same capacity, the lightest one is ______.
A. steam engine
B. steam turbine
C.gas turbine
D. diesel engine
C在船上使用的含有相同排量的主推进装置中，最轻的是燃气轮机
13. The ____ can be found on most medium to large merchant vessels even if the main engine is either a steam turbine or two-stroke crosshead engine.
A. medium-speed, four-stroke trunk piston engine
B. slow-speed, two-stroke crosshead engine
C. medium-speed, two-stroke crosshead engine
D. slow-speed, four-stroke trunk piston engine
A在大型商船上使用的是中速，四冲程筒形活塞柴油机
14. Gas turbines differ from steam turbines in that ______.
A. steam rather than gas is used to turn a shaft
B. vapor rather than gas is used to turn a shaft
C. the former uses gas to turn a shaft
D. the latter uses gas to turn a shaft
C燃气轮机不同于蒸汽轮机，因为前者使用燃气驱动轴
15. Ship designed for carrying goods requiring refrigeration is called____.
A .reefer B.ro/ro ship C. container ship D. tanker
A船舶被设计承载制冷货物指的是冷藏船
16. The abbreviation “M/E” is used to represent the ______.
A. measure equipment
B. main electrical
C. me engine
D. main engine
D 缩写M/E指的是主机
17. What determines the number of events occurring in a cycle of operation in an internal combustion engine?
A. crankshaft revolution
B. type of engine (diesel or gasoline).
C. distance a piston travels during a stroke
D. number of pistons
B 柴油机的类型决定了内燃机中循环事件的数量
中国海员之家网站考试资料系列46 期航海英语试题 科目：航海英语试卷代号：903 适用对象：无限航区，近洋航区船舶二、三副 （本试卷卷面总分100 分，及格分数70 分，考试时间100 分钟） 答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在相应位置上用2B 铅笔涂黑。第1 题至88 题，每题1 分，第89 题至96 题，每题 1.5 分。 一、单项选择题 1. Information on the opening times and characteristics of radiobeacons can be found in which publications? A. List of Light B. Coast Pilot C. Sailing Directions D. List of Radiobeacons 2. Mariners not entering the port are ______ to keep at least one mile off. A. advised B. reported C. complied D. supplied 3. The velocity of the current in large coastal harbors is______. A. predicted in Tidal Current Tables B. unpredictable C. generally constant D. generally too weak to be of concern 4. A mercator chart is a______ A. cylindrical projection B. simple conic projection C. polyconic projection D. rectangular projection 5. Why does distance always have to be measured from the nearest scale on a Mercator chart? A. Because it is the most efficient way B. Because it varies with the change of latitude C. Because it varies with the change of longitude D. Because it is the most straight line 6. Who is responsible for the voyage plan? A. The person who has done the planning B. The master C. The navigation officer D. The owner 7. Charted depth is the______. A. vertical distance from the chart sounding datum to the ocean bottom, plus the height of tide B. vertical distance from the chart sounding datum to the ocean bottom C. average height of water over a specified period of time D. average height of all low waters at a place 8. Defense plans may cause the operation of electronic aids to navigation to be suspended with ______. A. no notice B. one day's notice C. a week's notice D. thirty (30)days notice 9. Periodic publications notifying change in, or additions to, previously published navigational date are______. A. Supplements B. Annual Summary C. Navigational Warning D. Notices to Mariners 10. ______is a full nautical record of a ship's voyage, written up at the end of each watch by the officer of the watch. 中国海员之家网站考试资料系列46 期航海英语试题第2 页 中国海员之家网站（http://www.seamancn. com ）搜集整理，更多考试资料请到网站免费下载。 A. Sea Protest B. Deck Log C. Accident Report D. Seaman's Book 11. Do you need to measure oxygen levels before entering an enclosed space?
中华人民共和国海事局 2006年第3期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第41期) 科目：轮机英语试卷代号：805 适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶二/三管轮 （本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟） 答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分,第79题至80题, 每题10分。 一、单项选择题 1. A diesel engine is similar to a gasoline engine except that the former has no ______. A. cross-head B. spark plug C. connecting rod D. cylinder 2. A diesel engine which is rated for normal operation at a crankshaft speed of 800 RPM, is commonly classed as a ______. A. slow-speed diesel B. medium-speed diesel C. high-speed diesel D. constant-speed diesel 3.Which of the diesel engine components listed increases air density and helps to improve engine operating efficiency? A. Impeller B. Compressor C. After-cooler D. Exhaust diffuser 4.For a given size engine, the two-stroke/cycle diesel engine will deliver more power than a four- stroke/cycle diesel engine because ______. A. it has a longer power stroke B. more air gets into the cylinder each stroke C. it develops twice as many power strokes at the same speed D. higher combustion pressure is developed 5.The intake valves in a diesel engine are reseated by ______. A. cam followers B. push rods C. combustion gases D. valve springs 6.According to the way the energy of the exhaust gases is utilized, pressure-charging can be divided into two main systems, namely, the constant-pressure system and ______. A. the pulse-phase system B. the pulse Doppler system C. the pulse system D. the pulse interval system 7.An over-speed safety device is usually fitted to a generator engine for______in the event of over- speed. A. cutting power off the engine B. increasing the fuel pump setting C. braking the crankshaft D. stabilizing the ship speed 8.What preventative maintenance should be done frequently to diesel engine starting air receivers? A. Drain the accumulated moisture. B. Test the relief valves. C. Watch the temperature to prevent fluctuations in pressure. D. Clean the interior to remove oil and foreign matter. 9.Immediately after any diesel engine is started, the engineer should check the ______. A. crankcase pressure B. lube oil pressure C. seawater pressure D. exhaust temperature 10. A controllable pitch propeller on a diesel driven vessel eliminates the need for ______. A. friction clutches B. disconnect clutches C. reversing gears D. reduction gears 11.In motor ship, ______is often used to recover some of the heat carried in the exhaust gases from the main engine. A. an diesel oil heater B. a waste heat boiler C. a fresh water generator D. a donkey boiler 12.An exhaust gas bypass is installed on a waste heat boiler in order to ______. A. bypass exhaust gas at high loads to prevent excessive back pressure B. bypass a portion of the exhaust gas at peak loads for better efficiency C. recycle exhaust gas to the turbocharger D. minimize moisture condensation in the boiler gas passages at low loads 13.Prior to lighting off a cold automatically fired auxiliary boiler, you should ______. A. check and regulate the water level B. close the air cock once fires are lit C. blow down the gage glass D. assure protective steam flow 14.Flame failure in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler can mostly result from a/an ______. A. incorrect electrode setting B. incorrect nozzle position C. clogged fuel nozzle D. broken high tension lead 15.Waterside scale in a fire-tube boiler may cause ______. A. increased heat transfer B. fireside erosion C. high steam demand D. overheated tubes 16.Which of the following will be the advantage of a centrifugal pump as compared with a reciprocating pump? I. Its discharge is continuous; II. It has no internal valves; III. Upon accidental closing of discharge valve, excessive pressure will not build up A. I, II B. II, III C. I, II, III D. II only 17.Why are removable sleeves installed on centrifugal pump shafts? A. They make it easier to replace the pump shaft packing. B. They can be economically replaced as they wear out. C. They can be removed when it is necessary to lighten the weight of the pump. D. They increase the strength of the shaft. 18.If one of the bilge system manifold valves does not properly seat, the ______. A. bilge well connected to that valve, plus the second bilge well being pumped will be completely emptied B. bilge system will lose vacuum and prevent the other bilges from being pumped out C. bilge well aft connected to that valve will siphon(虹吸) its contents to the forward bilge wells D. discharge pressure will be too high. 19.Which of the listed statements is correct concerning the starting of centrifugal pumps? A. They should always be started with the discharge valve closed. B. They should always be started with the discharge valve opened. C. A priming pump is always required to flood the impeller suction. D. They should always be started with the sealing line valves closed. 20.The simplest method to use for determining if a centrifugal pump is operating as designed, is to ______. A. closely observe the pump discharge temperature B. close off the discharge valve, and watch for a rise in pressure C. momentarily close off the suction valve, and watch for a rise in pressure D. use a clamp on ammeter and compare the readings to past records
中华人民共和国海事局 2007年第2期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第43期) 科目：轮机英语试卷代号：805 适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶二/三管轮 （本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟） 答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分,第79题至80题, 每题10分。 一、单项选择题 1.______ the engines, the diesel engine is ______ used engine on board. A. Between/more commonly B. Among/the most commonly C. Between/not more commonly D. Among/ not the most commonly 2.The average pressure exerted on a piston during each power stroke is termed ______. A. indicated horsepower B. mean effective pressure C. exhaust back pressure D. compression pressure 3.The cetane number rates fuels for diesel engines according to its ______. A. antiknock characteristics B. ignition qualities C. rates of vaporization D. viscosity 4.The time between injection and ignition of the fuel is known as ______. A. turbulence lag B. after burning ratio C. pre-ignition lag D. ignition delay 5.______ controls the fuel oil temperature in order to provide oil at the correct viscosity for combustion. A. The viscosity regulator B. The temperature controller C. The flow meter D. The pressure switch 6.Constant cooling the various components of diesel engine has a number of functions except for ______. A. good lubrication B. low thermal stress C. good mechanical properties D. acid corrosion 7. A device which functions to bring a diesel engine to a full stop to protect it from damage is known as a/an ______. A. torque limiter B. over-speed trip C. over-speed governor D. load limit governor 8.Engine speeds at which resonance can occur are termed ______. A. maximum speeds B. full speeds C. sea speeds D. critical speeds 9.Prolonged operation of a diesel engine with a closed cooling water system at lower than normal designed operating temperatures can ______. A. increase power output B. decrease lube oil viscosity C. eliminate fuel knock D. cause sulfuric acid formation 10.______ on a ship transmits power from the engine to the propeller. A. The automatic control system B. The speed regularly system C. The transmission system D. The compression air system 11.In a _____ boiler the hot gases from the furnace pass through the tubes while the water is on the outside. A. water-tube B. fire-tube C. exhaust gas D. composite 12.The fuel supply system to an automatic auxiliary boiler, will be automatically shutdown if the boiler ______. A.salinity is abnormally B.high steam demand is too high C.feed-water flow is low D.water level is abnormally low 13.The water in a steaming auxiliary boiler should be tested daily for ______. A. dissolved oxygen B. chlorides C. sludge D. dissolved nitrogen 14.Ignition failure in an automatically controlled auxiliary boiler could be caused by ______. A. carbon deposits on the flame scanner B. high fuel oil temperature C. low fuel oil viscosity D. high steam pressure 15.The concentration of total dissolved solids in the water of an auxiliary boiler can increase as a result of ______. A. seawater contamination B. frequent surface blows C. dissolved oxygen de-aeration D. frequent bottom blows
一、海图及海图作业50题 [251]To agree with larger scale chart，latitudes taken from this chart should be increased ______ about 8 seconds． A. with B. in C. by D. to [252]On this chart only the principle ______ to navigation are shown．A.equipment's B.tools C.apparatus D.aids [253]Many of the soundings shown on the chart are derived from _____.Undue reliance should not be placed upon them． A. complete and often very poor surveys B. correct and often very good surveys C. inadequate and often very old surveys D. adequate and present surveys [254]Lines on a chart which connect points of equal magnetic variation are called ______. A. magnetic latitudes B. magnetic declinations C. dip D. isogonic lines [255]Isogonic lines are lines on a chart indicating ___. A. points of equal variation B. points of zero variation C. the magnetic latitude D. magnetic dip [256]In which source could you find the number of a chart for a certain geographic area? ______. A. Chart No. 1 B. Catalog of Charts C. IMO Practical Navigator D. IMO Light List [257]How is the annual rate of change for magnetic variation shown on a pilot chart? ______. A. Gray lines on the uppermost inset chart B. Red lines on the main body of the chart C. In parenthesis on the lines of equal magnetic variation D. Annual rate of change is not shown. [258]Charted depth is the ______. A.vertical distance from the chart sounding datum to the ocean bottom，plus the height of tide B.vertical distance from the chart sounding datum to the ocean bottom C.average height of water over a specified period of time D.average height of all low waters at a place [259]Chart correction information is NOT disseminated through the ______. A. Summary of Corrections B. Local Notice to Mariners C. Daily Memorandum D. Chart Correction Card [260]All straight lines represent great circle tracks on a chart based on a(n) ______. A. Mercator projection B. polyconic projection C. orthographic projection D. gnomonic projection [261]A revised print of a chart is made ______. A. after every major hydrographic survey of the area covered by the chart B. when there are numerous corrections to be made or the corrections are extensive C. when a low-stock situation occurs and minor corrections are made D. every two years to update the magnetic variation information [262]A Mercator chart is a ______. A. cylindrical projection B. simple conic projection C. polyconic projection D. rectangular projection [263]______ chart 3994，positions read from this chart should be shifted 0．03 minutes Northward． A. To consider B. To check C. To examine D. To agree with [264]The changes in the channel's sands and buoys on this coast are ______ this chart can not be considered as a safe guide of the channel．A. frequent B. so frequent C. frequent that D. so frequent that [265]______ is a term denoting the determination of a ship's position by observations of Celestial or terrestrial objects，or by a combination of both． A. Course-planning B. Position-fixing C. Radar-plotting D. Stowage-plan making [266]A chart position enclosed by a semi-circle is a(n) A. fix B. estimated position C. dead reckoning position D. running fix [267]A true bearing of a charted object，when plotted on a chart，will establish a ______. A. fix B. line of position C. relative bearing D. range [268]Admiralty Charts are published in ______. A. U．S．A B. China C. U．K D. Japan [269]Attention is ______ the advice on the use of charts in The Mariner's Handbook Chapter 3，Section 1．A. fixed to B. needed for C. pushed to D. drawn to [270]Distance along a track line is measured on a Mercator chart by using the ______. A. latitude scale near the middle of the track line B. longitude scale near the middle of the track line C. latitude scale at the midlatitude of the chart D. latitude or longitude scale at the middle of the scale [271]Entering from sea，a daymark on the port side of the channel would be indicated on a chart by a ______. A. red triangle with the letter R B. white triangle with the letters RG C. green square with the letter G D. white square with the letters GR [272]Magnetic information on a chart may be ______. A. found in the center(s) of the compass rose(s) B. indicated by isogonic lines C. found in a note on the chart D. All of the above [273]My position has been obtained ______ astronomical observation．A. with B. from C. on D. by [274]Navigational charts are ______ frequent changes，the important one of which are promulgated by Admiralty Notices to Mariners． A. published with B. combined with C. in connection with D. subject to [275]On the south and the east coasts of Block Island are circles with a dot in the center and labeled CUP. This is a ______. A. conspicuous object B. steep depression in the surrounding hills that resembles a cup C. domed structure useful for navigation D. calling-up-point used for traffic control [276]Solid green arrows on the main body of a pilot chart indicate ______. A. prevailing wind directions B. prevailing ocean current directions C. probable surface current flow D. shortest great circle routes [277]The agonic line on an isomagnetic chart indicates the ______. A. magnetic equator B. magnetic longitude reference line C. points where there is no variation D. points where there is no annual change in variation [278]The buoy symbol printed on your chart is leaning to the northeast. This indicates ______. A. you should stay to the north or east of the buoy B. you should stay to the west or south of the buoy C. the buoy is a major lighted buoy D. nothing special for navigational purposes [279]The chart of a beach area shows a very flat slope to the underwater beach bottom. What type of breakers can be expected when trying to land a boat on this beach? A.Surging B.Spilling C.Plunging D.Converging [280]The chart symbol indicating that the bottom is coral is ______. A. C B. Cl C. Co D. c [281]The charts sold are of ______. A. newly edition with up to date correction and in reasonable prices． B. the current edition and incorporate the last Notices to Mariners correction C. the current edition and incorporate the latest Notices to Mariners correction at the time of sale． D. brand-new one with up to date correction and clean writing [282]The compass rose on a nautical chart indicates both variation and ______. A. deviation B. annual rate of variation change C. precession D. compass error [283]The description Racon beside an illustration on a chart would mean a ______. A.radar conspicuous beacon B.circular radiobeacon C.radar transponder beacon D.radar calibration beacon [284]The maximum difference between mean time and apparent time is ______. A. equal to the longitude expressed in time units B. about 16 minutes C. the difference between the GHA of mean sun and the first point of Aries D. 15°of arc [285]The numeral in the center of a wind rose circle on a pilot chart indicates the ______.
中华人民共和国海事局 2009年第5期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第48期) 科目：轮机英语试卷代号：803 适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶大管轮 （本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟） 答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。第1题至82题，每题1分，第83题至94题，每题1.5分。 一、单项选择题： 1. The reason why more and more of the large merchant vessels are being powered by medium-speed diesel engines is . A. they operate between 150 and 450 rpm B. they are connected to the propeller by gearing C. their smaller size and weight D. they can be connected directly to the propeller without gearing 2. The closing of the exhaust valves used on a modern, large, low-speed, main propulsion diesel engine may be directly provided by . A. large conical springs B. compressed air pressure C. hydraulic pressure D. exhaust gas pressure 3. One of the factors limiting the amount of toad which can be put on a modem marine diesel engine is the . A. governor sensitivity B. exhaust temperature C. fuel injection pressure D. speed of the cam shaft 4. The desirable properties or a marine fuel oil should inc lude . A. high flash point and high viscosity B. low flash point and high viscosity C. low heating value and high sulphur content D. high heating value and low sulphur content 5. As the plunger moves upwards in the barrel, injection will commence once the plunger bas the spill ports and the pressure builds up. A. opened up B. closed off C. lined up D. taken off 6. In an auxiliary diesel engine bypass type lubricating oil system, the main lube oil pump forces . A. all of the oil used by the engine through a filter B. some of the oil used by the engine through a filter C. some of the oil used by the engine through a centrifuge D. all of the oil used by the engine through a centrifuge 7. Because the circulating water is in a closed loop, is installed to cater for expansion and contraction of the water at different conditions of operation. A. an expansion joint B. a drain tank C. a head tank D. a contraction tank 8. The high air velocity leaving the compressor of an exhaust gas turbocharger is converted to pressure in the . A. inlet nozzle ring B. turbine wheel blade C. diffuser passages D. inlet volute 9. is usually driven by the engine camshaft and supplies pilot air to the cylinder air start valve. A. An air receiver B. An operating valve C. An automatic valve D. An air distributor 10. Diesel engines driving alternators operating in parallel must maintain a set frequency regardless of load changes. The governor characteristic used to accomplish this is known as . A. actuation B. sensitivity C. compensation D. promptness 11. By comparing the exhaust gas temperature of each cylinder, the operator can determine if the load is balanced throughout the engine. The device most commonly used is a . A. tachometer B. pyrometer C. dynamometer D. calorimeter 12. When the ship is going to enter into the harbor, ____. A. change from heavy fuel oil to diesel oil for main engine B. pumping out bilge water C. change sea chest from high level one to lower level one D. test emergency generator 13. If the jacket water temperature rises rapidly above normal in a diesel engine, you should first . A. place standby cooler in operation B. reduce engine toad C. check thermostatic valve D. clean sea water strainer 14. Air cocks, usually positioned at the in a circulating system, is used to get rid of the air in the system. A. bending joint B. expansion tank C. weld D. the highest point 15. Which of the following conditions could contribute to the cracking of a diesel engine cylinder head? A. Leaking seal ring B. Insufficient heat transfer from the exhaust valves C. Blocked cooling water passages to the head D. Excessive scavenging air provided to the engine 16. of an engine crankshaft can be detected by measuring deflections of' crank webs for each unit of the engine. A. Misalignment B. Length C. Strength D. Stresses 17. can be a direct cause of faulty operation of diesel engine fuel injection nozzles. A. Excessive fuel nozzle holder cooling B. Sediment in the fuel supply C. Distortion of the fuel spray pattern D. Improper atomization of the fuel 18. When fuel is injected late into a diesel engine cylinder . A. the exhaust will be clear B. fuel consumption will be low C. all the fuel will be burned at top dead center D. fuel consumption will be high 19. A large change in ambient temperature, or using an oil of a viscosity different than the one recommended by the manufacturer in a mechanical hydraulic governor, will result m the need to adjust the . A. pilot valve opening B. compensating needle valve C. compensating spring tension D. accumulator spring tension 20. Which of the following factors tends to increase scale formation on the saltwater side of a heat exchanger used in a diesel engine cooling water system? A. Baffle plates that have been bent during prior removal. B. Leaks m the cooler tube nest. C. Operating the engine while maintaining a high sea water outlet temperature. D. A punctured sea water strainer supplying cooling water to the heat exchanger. 21. If the scavenge fire is of a more major nature, if there is a risk of the fire extending or if the scavenge trunk is adjacent to the crankcase with risk of a hot spot developing it sometimes becomes necessary to the engine. A. stop B. start C. speed up D. slow down 22. In an operating diesel engine, which of the following conditions is an indication of a leaking air starting valve?