11规则大连海事最新轮机英语题库翻译（五）
作者：系统管理员来源：发布时间： [2014-03-12] 点击数： 717
油水分离器的工作原理及运行管理
1. Would an increase in flow rate through the separator improve the separation of oil and water?
A. No
B. Yes
C. It makes no difference
D. The separator works under all condition 流速的增加不会提高油水之前的分离 A
2. Some oil in the oily water separator, as a result of its lower_____, will be separated and rise into the coil was burnt out.
A. temperature
B. density
C. viscosity
D. velocity
在油水分离器中，一些油由于比重小，会分离出来.并上升到集油室。 C
3. The oil_____ in the discharging water from an oily water separator exceeds 15 ppm without alarm, because the coil was burnt out.
A. filter
B. pollution
C. hole
D. content
油水分离器出水口油分浓度超过15 ppm，但没有报警.因为线圈烧毁了。 D
4. The remaining oil/water mixture now flows down into the fine separating compartment and moves slowly between the______ in the Turbulo separator.
A. catch plates
B. cover plates
C. swash plates
D. bedplates
剩下的油水混合物向下流到细分离室，并在捕集板之间慢慢流动。 A
5. A complete oily water separator and filter unit is first filled with____, and the oil/water mixture is then pumped into the coarse separating compartment. A. bilge water B. fuel oil C. sewage plates D. clean water
油水分离器开始工作时应首先注满清水，然后油水混合物经进入管泵入到粗分离元件。B
6. An oily water monitor is required in order to measure the_____.
A. oil content in water
B. water level in bilge well
C. water content in fuel oil
D. oil level in bilge well 油分浓度监测器用来监测水中的含油浓度。 A
7. The oily water separator used on board should enable a degree of purity better than _____to be attained.
A.15 ppm
B. 100 ppm
C. 15 ppm at sea and 100 ppm in port
D. either 15 ppm or 100ppm 油水分离器实现15PPM的分离纯度
8. Oily water separator mis-alarms. The most possible reason is ______.
A. separating oil too fast
B. the sensor flushed badly
C. the discharge solenoid valve out of order
D. too low heating temperature
注油水分离器警报失灵（不报警），最可能的原因是感应器冲洗得不好。 B
9. The pressure difference of the gauge on the oily water separator increases greatly. The reason is the_____.
A. filter is clogged
B. bilge suction valve is clogged
C. suction valve and discharge valve of the pump don’t open fully
D. screw pump is worn seriously and volumetric efficiency id decreased
油水分离器的压力表的压差增加，原因可能是吸入口滤器堵塞
10. Frequent oil discharge with a short period in an oily water separator may result from_____.
A. sensor of low oil level is fully covered by clogged sludge
B. coarse strainer before the pump in suction system is clogged
C. screw pump is worn seriously and volumetric efficiency is decreased
D. bilge suction valve is clogged
注排油时间短暂，但油水分离器排油频繁，可能的原因是低油位感应器全部被污油渣包住。 A
11. Before the oily water separator and operation, it should be ____.
A. filled with bilge water
B. filled with oil
C. filled with clean water
D. emptied 油水分离器在投入使用前，应先注满清水。 C
12. If oil is found when we open low oil level plug of oily water separator, it indicates the _____.
A. separator is overload
B. monitor equipment of separator fails
C. discharge pump of separator cannot work
D. temperature of oily water is low 如果打开油水分离器低位塞子时发现有油，这表明设备过载。
13. If separating effect is not good, we can improve it by____.
A. flushing separator with hot water
B. increasing water supply flow
C. heat oily water properly
D. opening manual oil discharge valve
如果分离效果不佳，我们可以通常适当加热油污水来提高分离效果。 C
14. If separating effect is not good, which measure should be taken?
A. Working at intervals and properly heating.
B. Warming up to 70℃ to increase water supply flow.
C. Improving impulse of water flow.
D. Reducing water supply flow.
如果分离效果不佳，我们可以通常间歇工作和适当加温来提高分离效果。A
15. The following measures can be used to improve oily water separator’s separating effect except___.
A. overhauling every two years
B. working at intervals
C. renewing filtration material
D. pumping bilge water from different layers respectively
除了每两年一大修，以下措施均能用于改善油水分离器的分离效果。A
16. When oily water separator is operating, which measure is wrong?
A. Pay attention to operating parameters.
B. Renew and clean separating units in time.
C. Check oil level in separator to prevent overload.
D. Check separating effect, if it is bad, flush with large capacity water pump. 当油水分离器正在工作时，用大容量的水泵冲洗这项措施是错误的？ D
17. Which of the following is wrong about operation of oily water separating?
A. Fill with clean water before operation.
B. Keep air cushion in oil collecting space during running
C. Check oil level during running.
D. Clean inner separator with low pressure steam.
注关于油水分离器运行，用低压增起清洗内部这项是错误的？ D
18. When bilge water is heated in a holding tank, which of the following statements is not accurate?
A. The high temperature facilitates gravity separation.
B. Most of the oil and organic solvents are raised to the top layer.
C. The high the temperature is, the more the top oil will be collected.
D. The high temperature has little use on the separation of emulsified oil.
在储存柜加热舱底水时,高温对乳化油的分离没有任何作用是错误的。 D
19. When discharging bilge water, which criteria must be observed?
A. The requirement for the oil content of bilge water discharged is 15 ppm.
B. No discharge in sensitive waters.
C. Any discharge in sensitive water.
D. International, national or local requirements have to be observed.
当排放舱底水时，应该遵循国际，国家以及当地水域的标准。D
20. Which of the following methods might be used as the treatment on emulsified oil?
A. Gravity separation
B. Centrifuge.
C. Cyclone
D. Cross-flow membrane filtration 横流薄膜过滤法对于乳化油的处理是比较有效的。 D
21. What’s the function of the pressure control in an oily water separator?
A. To indicate the rise in pressure in the filter.
B. To give signal.
C. To switch off the bilge pump.
D. Any one of the other alternatives.
油水分离器中的压力控制的作用有暗示滤器中的压升，提供信号以及关闭舱底水泵。 D
22. Which of the following is right?
A. The air brought along with the oil/water mixture need not vent out .
B. The de-oiled water after preliminary separation can be poured into sea without the remaining separation.
C. In the two-stage filter, mechanical impurities can not be filtered simultaneously; it can be filtered in the second stage.
D. As the oily water flows through the coalescing inserts, the tiny remaining oil droplets coalesce to large drops of oil.
当油污水流进聚合器时，剩余的细小的油分子聚合成大的油滴。 D
23. Rough separation of oil from bilge water in the 1st chamber is achieved by_____.
A. single parallel plates
B. multiple parallel plates
C. multiple series plates
D. single vertical plates
第一级腔室的粗分离是通过多级平行板来实现的。 B
24. The function of coalescer in the 2nd chamber is to____.
A. allow small particles of oil to coagulate
B. allow larger particles of oil to escape
C. prevent clogged strainer
D.prevent the damage of fine filter
第二级的聚合元件的作用是让小的油分子聚合。 A
25. The separation function in the 1st chamber is dealing with bilge water of ______
A. high density fuel oil and particles of oil which are larger than 60 microns in size
B. high density fuel oil and particles of oil which are smaller than 60 microns in size
C. oils of 15-20 microns particles only
D. low density fuel oil equals with water
第一级的分离处理的是高密度的油，并且分子颗粒大于60微米。 A
26. Which of the following is not correct?
A. The preliminary separation takes place in the separator based on the gravity principle.
B. A complete oily water separator and filter unit should be first filled with clean water.
C. The coarse separating usually happens in the upper part of the separator.
D. The oil/water mixture is pumped into the separator by the centrifugal pump. 油水混合物通过单螺杆泵打入到设备，而不是通过离心泵。D
27. The resistance to the movement of the globule in/water mixture depends on its
size and the_____ of the fluid.
A. Pressure B, velocity C. gravity D. viscosity
油分子运行的阻力主要取决于尺寸以及流体的粘度。 D
28. Placing a filter on the ______-of an oily water separator will “polish” the
discharge but overloading must be avoided.
A. suction side
B. discharge side
C. by-pass pipe
D.
sampling pipe
在油水分离器的排出侧安装滤器有利于净化排出物。 B
29. The principle of separation by which all commercially available oily water
separators function is the _____differential between oil and water.
A. temperature
B. viscosity
C. gravity
D. size
油水分离器的工作机理是基于油水的相对密度不同（比重） C
30. _____ are used to ensure that ships don’t discharge oil when pumping out oily
water from any oil contaminated space.
A. Boiler
B. Incinerator
C. Oily water separator
D. Sewage treatment unit
船舶上的油水分离器能保证船舶排放舱底水等污水时不排油。C
31. Emulsification of oil will occur when mixed with _____.
A. air
B. black oil
C. water
D. ice cream
油与水混合后会产生乳化。 C
32. In an oily water separator the oil will travel ______ to the oil collecting spaces.
A. upwards
B. downwards
C. outwards
D. forwards
在油水分离器中，油是向上运动到集油室的。 A
33. A high rate of separation between oil and water is favored by ______.
A. large size of oil globule
B. low temperature
C. high viscosity
D. high flow rate
油滴尺寸大，将有助于油水分离。A
34. Coalescence is the breakdown of surface tension between oil droplets in an
oil/water mixture, which causes them to join and _____ in size.
A. expand
B. extract
C. increase
D. decrease
“聚合”是指油水混合物中油滴之间表面张力的破裂，然后使油滴聚合，尺寸增大。C 35.______ is the breakdown of surface tension between oil droplets in an oil/water
mixture, which causes them to join and increase in size.
A. Wear
B. Contaminating
C. Coalescence
D. Coarse separating “聚合”是指油水混合物中油滴之间表面张力的破裂，然后使油滴聚合，尺寸增大。C 36. When in operation, it is unavoidable that a small amount of oil _____ through
leakage, and in order to compensate for these leaks , the system is connected to a feed pump.
A. escapes
B. overheats
C. expands
D. accelerates
在运行中，不可避免少量的油分子通过泄漏而逃逸 A
37. Oily water separators are used to ensure that ships don’t discharge oil when
pumping out _____.
A. ballast water
B. bilge water
C. boiler water
D. sewage water
船舶上的油水分离器能保证船舶排放舱底水等污水时不排油。 B
38. Where an excessive level of contamination is detected , an alarm is sounded and
diverting valves are operated . The discharging liquid is then passed to ______.
A. overboard
B. a bilge well
C. a slop tank
D. a hot well
当发现过度污染后，发出报警，操作转换阀，将液体排到污水柜。 C
39. The ability of an oil to separate cleanly from an oil/water mixture is referred to as its _____ .
A. precipitation number
B. neutralization number
C. pour point
D. demulsibility
油与水分离的能力称为抗乳化 D
40. The rising velocity of the globules carries them upwards where they become
trapped by the under surfaces of plates and _____ until the enlarged globules have sufficient rising velocity to travel along the plate surface and break away at periphery.
A. disperse
B. coalesce
C. compress
D. shrinkage
油分子在捕集板下方被挡住，然后聚合增大 B
41. The pump used to send the bilge water into the oily water separator _____ the
mixture because this might create finer oil particles.
A. should agitate
B. should not agitate
C. should mix up
D. should not add up
油水分离器的供水泵对舱底水的搅拌要小，否则会使油粒变得更小。 B
42. The ______ is fitted on an oily water separator .
A. sliding bowl bottom
B. gravity disc
C. bowl
D. liquid level detector
油水分离器装有液位探测器。 D
43. Which of the following equipment is most effective in processing bilge slops
for overboard discharge ?
A. A 100 ppm oily water separator
B. Assembling the lube oil purifier as a separator and aligning bilge overboard.
C. A 15 ppm oily water separator.
D. A magnetic duplex strainer
15PPM的油水分离器在处理舱底水是最有效的
44. After stopping oily water separator , sea water should be permitted for _______ minutes , ______ should be closed after stopping pump to reduce oxidation corrosion of inner wall.
A. 15/inlet valve
B. 15/inlet and outlet valve
C. 30/inlet valve
D. 30/inlet and outlet valve
停用油水分离器后，引用海水运行15 min;停泵后，应关闭进出口阀，以减轻内壁氧化腐蚀。 B
45. Which of the following is the function of the filter with inserts in the separator?
A. It is used for the preliminary separation
B. It is used for stopping dirt and for coalescence
C. It is used for increasing weight of the plant
D. It is used for absorbing all the oil in the water
油水分离器的滤器元件是为了阻止杂质以及更好的聚合。 B
中国海员之家网站考试资料系列46 期航海英语试题 科目：航海英语试卷代号：903 适用对象：无限航区，近洋航区船舶二、三副 （本试卷卷面总分100 分，及格分数70 分，考试时间100 分钟） 答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在相应位置上用2B 铅笔涂黑。第1 题至88 题，每题1 分，第89 题至96 题，每题 1.5 分。 一、单项选择题 1. Information on the opening times and characteristics of radiobeacons can be found in which publications? A. List of Light B. Coast Pilot C. Sailing Directions D. List of Radiobeacons 2. Mariners not entering the port are ______ to keep at least one mile off. A. advised B. reported C. complied D. supplied 3. The velocity of the current in large coastal harbors is______. A. predicted in Tidal Current Tables B. unpredictable C. generally constant D. generally too weak to be of concern 4. A mercator chart is a______ A. cylindrical projection B. simple conic projection C. polyconic projection D. rectangular projection 5. Why does distance always have to be measured from the nearest scale on a Mercator chart? A. Because it is the most efficient way B. Because it varies with the change of latitude C. Because it varies with the change of longitude D. Because it is the most straight line 6. Who is responsible for the voyage plan? A. The person who has done the planning B. The master C. The navigation officer D. The owner 7. Charted depth is the______. A. vertical distance from the chart sounding datum to the ocean bottom, plus the height of tide B. vertical distance from the chart sounding datum to the ocean bottom C. average height of water over a specified period of time D. average height of all low waters at a place 8. Defense plans may cause the operation of electronic aids to navigation to be suspended with ______. A. no notice B. one day's notice C. a week's notice D. thirty (30)days notice 9. Periodic publications notifying change in, or additions to, previously published navigational date are______. A. Supplements B. Annual Summary C. Navigational Warning D. Notices to Mariners 10. ______is a full nautical record of a ship's voyage, written up at the end of each watch by the officer of the watch. 中国海员之家网站考试资料系列46 期航海英语试题第2 页 中国海员之家网站（http://www.seamancn. com ）搜集整理，更多考试资料请到网站免费下载。 A. Sea Protest B. Deck Log C. Accident Report D. Seaman's Book 11. Do you need to measure oxygen levels before entering an enclosed space?
中华人民共和国海事局 2006年第3期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第41期) 科目：轮机英语试卷代号：805 适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶二/三管轮 （本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟） 答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分,第79题至80题, 每题10分。 一、单项选择题 1. A diesel engine is similar to a gasoline engine except that the former has no ______. A. cross-head B. spark plug C. connecting rod D. cylinder 2. A diesel engine which is rated for normal operation at a crankshaft speed of 800 RPM, is commonly classed as a ______. A. slow-speed diesel B. medium-speed diesel C. high-speed diesel D. constant-speed diesel 3.Which of the diesel engine components listed increases air density and helps to improve engine operating efficiency? A. Impeller B. Compressor C. After-cooler D. Exhaust diffuser 4.For a given size engine, the two-stroke/cycle diesel engine will deliver more power than a four- stroke/cycle diesel engine because ______. A. it has a longer power stroke B. more air gets into the cylinder each stroke C. it develops twice as many power strokes at the same speed D. higher combustion pressure is developed 5.The intake valves in a diesel engine are reseated by ______. A. cam followers B. push rods C. combustion gases D. valve springs 6.According to the way the energy of the exhaust gases is utilized, pressure-charging can be divided into two main systems, namely, the constant-pressure system and ______. A. the pulse-phase system B. the pulse Doppler system C. the pulse system D. the pulse interval system 7.An over-speed safety device is usually fitted to a generator engine for______in the event of over- speed. A. cutting power off the engine B. increasing the fuel pump setting C. braking the crankshaft D. stabilizing the ship speed 8.What preventative maintenance should be done frequently to diesel engine starting air receivers? A. Drain the accumulated moisture. B. Test the relief valves. C. Watch the temperature to prevent fluctuations in pressure. D. Clean the interior to remove oil and foreign matter. 9.Immediately after any diesel engine is started, the engineer should check the ______. A. crankcase pressure B. lube oil pressure C. seawater pressure D. exhaust temperature 10. A controllable pitch propeller on a diesel driven vessel eliminates the need for ______. A. friction clutches B. disconnect clutches C. reversing gears D. reduction gears 11.In motor ship, ______is often used to recover some of the heat carried in the exhaust gases from the main engine. A. an diesel oil heater B. a waste heat boiler C. a fresh water generator D. a donkey boiler 12.An exhaust gas bypass is installed on a waste heat boiler in order to ______. A. bypass exhaust gas at high loads to prevent excessive back pressure B. bypass a portion of the exhaust gas at peak loads for better efficiency C. recycle exhaust gas to the turbocharger D. minimize moisture condensation in the boiler gas passages at low loads 13.Prior to lighting off a cold automatically fired auxiliary boiler, you should ______. A. check and regulate the water level B. close the air cock once fires are lit C. blow down the gage glass D. assure protective steam flow 14.Flame failure in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler can mostly result from a/an ______. A. incorrect electrode setting B. incorrect nozzle position C. clogged fuel nozzle D. broken high tension lead 15.Waterside scale in a fire-tube boiler may cause ______. A. increased heat transfer B. fireside erosion C. high steam demand D. overheated tubes 16.Which of the following will be the advantage of a centrifugal pump as compared with a reciprocating pump? I. Its discharge is continuous; II. It has no internal valves; III. Upon accidental closing of discharge valve, excessive pressure will not build up A. I, II B. II, III C. I, II, III D. II only 17.Why are removable sleeves installed on centrifugal pump shafts? A. They make it easier to replace the pump shaft packing. B. They can be economically replaced as they wear out. C. They can be removed when it is necessary to lighten the weight of the pump. D. They increase the strength of the shaft. 18.If one of the bilge system manifold valves does not properly seat, the ______. A. bilge well connected to that valve, plus the second bilge well being pumped will be completely emptied B. bilge system will lose vacuum and prevent the other bilges from being pumped out C. bilge well aft connected to that valve will siphon(虹吸) its contents to the forward bilge wells D. discharge pressure will be too high. 19.Which of the listed statements is correct concerning the starting of centrifugal pumps? A. They should always be started with the discharge valve closed. B. They should always be started with the discharge valve opened. C. A priming pump is always required to flood the impeller suction. D. They should always be started with the sealing line valves closed. 20.The simplest method to use for determining if a centrifugal pump is operating as designed, is to ______. A. closely observe the pump discharge temperature B. close off the discharge valve, and watch for a rise in pressure C. momentarily close off the suction valve, and watch for a rise in pressure D. use a clamp on ammeter and compare the readings to past records
中华人民共和国海事局 2007年第2期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第43期) 科目：轮机英语试卷代号：805 适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶二/三管轮 （本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟） 答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分,第79题至80题, 每题10分。 一、单项选择题 1.______ the engines, the diesel engine is ______ used engine on board. A. Between/more commonly B. Among/the most commonly C. Between/not more commonly D. Among/ not the most commonly 2.The average pressure exerted on a piston during each power stroke is termed ______. A. indicated horsepower B. mean effective pressure C. exhaust back pressure D. compression pressure 3.The cetane number rates fuels for diesel engines according to its ______. A. antiknock characteristics B. ignition qualities C. rates of vaporization D. viscosity 4.The time between injection and ignition of the fuel is known as ______. A. turbulence lag B. after burning ratio C. pre-ignition lag D. ignition delay 5.______ controls the fuel oil temperature in order to provide oil at the correct viscosity for combustion. A. The viscosity regulator B. The temperature controller C. The flow meter D. The pressure switch 6.Constant cooling the various components of diesel engine has a number of functions except for ______. A. good lubrication B. low thermal stress C. good mechanical properties D. acid corrosion 7. A device which functions to bring a diesel engine to a full stop to protect it from damage is known as a/an ______. A. torque limiter B. over-speed trip C. over-speed governor D. load limit governor 8.Engine speeds at which resonance can occur are termed ______. A. maximum speeds B. full speeds C. sea speeds D. critical speeds 9.Prolonged operation of a diesel engine with a closed cooling water system at lower than normal designed operating temperatures can ______. A. increase power output B. decrease lube oil viscosity C. eliminate fuel knock D. cause sulfuric acid formation 10.______ on a ship transmits power from the engine to the propeller. A. The automatic control system B. The speed regularly system C. The transmission system D. The compression air system 11.In a _____ boiler the hot gases from the furnace pass through the tubes while the water is on the outside. A. water-tube B. fire-tube C. exhaust gas D. composite 12.The fuel supply system to an automatic auxiliary boiler, will be automatically shutdown if the boiler ______. A.salinity is abnormally B.high steam demand is too high C.feed-water flow is low D.water level is abnormally low 13.The water in a steaming auxiliary boiler should be tested daily for ______. A. dissolved oxygen B. chlorides C. sludge D. dissolved nitrogen 14.Ignition failure in an automatically controlled auxiliary boiler could be caused by ______. A. carbon deposits on the flame scanner B. high fuel oil temperature C. low fuel oil viscosity D. high steam pressure 15.The concentration of total dissolved solids in the water of an auxiliary boiler can increase as a result of ______. A. seawater contamination B. frequent surface blows C. dissolved oxygen de-aeration D. frequent bottom blows
一、海图及海图作业50题 [251]To agree with larger scale chart，latitudes taken from this chart should be increased ______ about 8 seconds． A. with B. in C. by D. to [252]On this chart only the principle ______ to navigation are shown．A.equipment's B.tools C.apparatus D.aids [253]Many of the soundings shown on the chart are derived from _____.Undue reliance should not be placed upon them． A. complete and often very poor surveys B. correct and often very good surveys C. inadequate and often very old surveys D. adequate and present surveys [254]Lines on a chart which connect points of equal magnetic variation are called ______. A. magnetic latitudes B. magnetic declinations C. dip D. isogonic lines [255]Isogonic lines are lines on a chart indicating ___. A. points of equal variation B. points of zero variation C. the magnetic latitude D. magnetic dip [256]In which source could you find the number of a chart for a certain geographic area? ______. A. Chart No. 1 B. Catalog of Charts C. IMO Practical Navigator D. IMO Light List [257]How is the annual rate of change for magnetic variation shown on a pilot chart? ______. A. Gray lines on the uppermost inset chart B. Red lines on the main body of the chart C. In parenthesis on the lines of equal magnetic variation D. Annual rate of change is not shown. [258]Charted depth is the ______. A.vertical distance from the chart sounding datum to the ocean bottom，plus the height of tide B.vertical distance from the chart sounding datum to the ocean bottom C.average height of water over a specified period of time D.average height of all low waters at a place [259]Chart correction information is NOT disseminated through the ______. A. Summary of Corrections B. Local Notice to Mariners C. Daily Memorandum D. Chart Correction Card [260]All straight lines represent great circle tracks on a chart based on a(n) ______. A. Mercator projection B. polyconic projection C. orthographic projection D. gnomonic projection [261]A revised print of a chart is made ______. A. after every major hydrographic survey of the area covered by the chart B. when there are numerous corrections to be made or the corrections are extensive C. when a low-stock situation occurs and minor corrections are made D. every two years to update the magnetic variation information [262]A Mercator chart is a ______. A. cylindrical projection B. simple conic projection C. polyconic projection D. rectangular projection [263]______ chart 3994，positions read from this chart should be shifted 0．03 minutes Northward． A. To consider B. To check C. To examine D. To agree with [264]The changes in the channel's sands and buoys on this coast are ______ this chart can not be considered as a safe guide of the channel．A. frequent B. so frequent C. frequent that D. so frequent that [265]______ is a term denoting the determination of a ship's position by observations of Celestial or terrestrial objects，or by a combination of both． A. Course-planning B. Position-fixing C. Radar-plotting D. Stowage-plan making [266]A chart position enclosed by a semi-circle is a(n) A. fix B. estimated position C. dead reckoning position D. running fix [267]A true bearing of a charted object，when plotted on a chart，will establish a ______. A. fix B. line of position C. relative bearing D. range [268]Admiralty Charts are published in ______. A. U．S．A B. China C. U．K D. Japan [269]Attention is ______ the advice on the use of charts in The Mariner's Handbook Chapter 3，Section 1．A. fixed to B. needed for C. pushed to D. drawn to [270]Distance along a track line is measured on a Mercator chart by using the ______. A. latitude scale near the middle of the track line B. longitude scale near the middle of the track line C. latitude scale at the midlatitude of the chart D. latitude or longitude scale at the middle of the scale [271]Entering from sea，a daymark on the port side of the channel would be indicated on a chart by a ______. A. red triangle with the letter R B. white triangle with the letters RG C. green square with the letter G D. white square with the letters GR [272]Magnetic information on a chart may be ______. A. found in the center(s) of the compass rose(s) B. indicated by isogonic lines C. found in a note on the chart D. All of the above [273]My position has been obtained ______ astronomical observation．A. with B. from C. on D. by [274]Navigational charts are ______ frequent changes，the important one of which are promulgated by Admiralty Notices to Mariners． A. published with B. combined with C. in connection with D. subject to [275]On the south and the east coasts of Block Island are circles with a dot in the center and labeled CUP. This is a ______. A. conspicuous object B. steep depression in the surrounding hills that resembles a cup C. domed structure useful for navigation D. calling-up-point used for traffic control [276]Solid green arrows on the main body of a pilot chart indicate ______. A. prevailing wind directions B. prevailing ocean current directions C. probable surface current flow D. shortest great circle routes [277]The agonic line on an isomagnetic chart indicates the ______. A. magnetic equator B. magnetic longitude reference line C. points where there is no variation D. points where there is no annual change in variation [278]The buoy symbol printed on your chart is leaning to the northeast. This indicates ______. A. you should stay to the north or east of the buoy B. you should stay to the west or south of the buoy C. the buoy is a major lighted buoy D. nothing special for navigational purposes [279]The chart of a beach area shows a very flat slope to the underwater beach bottom. What type of breakers can be expected when trying to land a boat on this beach? A.Surging B.Spilling C.Plunging D.Converging [280]The chart symbol indicating that the bottom is coral is ______. A. C B. Cl C. Co D. c [281]The charts sold are of ______. A. newly edition with up to date correction and in reasonable prices． B. the current edition and incorporate the last Notices to Mariners correction C. the current edition and incorporate the latest Notices to Mariners correction at the time of sale． D. brand-new one with up to date correction and clean writing [282]The compass rose on a nautical chart indicates both variation and ______. A. deviation B. annual rate of variation change C. precession D. compass error [283]The description Racon beside an illustration on a chart would mean a ______. A.radar conspicuous beacon B.circular radiobeacon C.radar transponder beacon D.radar calibration beacon [284]The maximum difference between mean time and apparent time is ______. A. equal to the longitude expressed in time units B. about 16 minutes C. the difference between the GHA of mean sun and the first point of Aries D. 15°of arc [285]The numeral in the center of a wind rose circle on a pilot chart indicates the ______.
中华人民共和国海事局 2009年第5期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第48期) 科目：轮机英语试卷代号：803 适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶大管轮 （本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟） 答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。第1题至82题，每题1分，第83题至94题，每题1.5分。 一、单项选择题： 1. The reason why more and more of the large merchant vessels are being powered by medium-speed diesel engines is . A. they operate between 150 and 450 rpm B. they are connected to the propeller by gearing C. their smaller size and weight D. they can be connected directly to the propeller without gearing 2. The closing of the exhaust valves used on a modern, large, low-speed, main propulsion diesel engine may be directly provided by . A. large conical springs B. compressed air pressure C. hydraulic pressure D. exhaust gas pressure 3. One of the factors limiting the amount of toad which can be put on a modem marine diesel engine is the . A. governor sensitivity B. exhaust temperature C. fuel injection pressure D. speed of the cam shaft 4. The desirable properties or a marine fuel oil should inc lude . A. high flash point and high viscosity B. low flash point and high viscosity C. low heating value and high sulphur content D. high heating value and low sulphur content 5. As the plunger moves upwards in the barrel, injection will commence once the plunger bas the spill ports and the pressure builds up. A. opened up B. closed off C. lined up D. taken off 6. In an auxiliary diesel engine bypass type lubricating oil system, the main lube oil pump forces . A. all of the oil used by the engine through a filter B. some of the oil used by the engine through a filter C. some of the oil used by the engine through a centrifuge D. all of the oil used by the engine through a centrifuge 7. Because the circulating water is in a closed loop, is installed to cater for expansion and contraction of the water at different conditions of operation. A. an expansion joint B. a drain tank C. a head tank D. a contraction tank 8. The high air velocity leaving the compressor of an exhaust gas turbocharger is converted to pressure in the . A. inlet nozzle ring B. turbine wheel blade C. diffuser passages D. inlet volute 9. is usually driven by the engine camshaft and supplies pilot air to the cylinder air start valve. A. An air receiver B. An operating valve C. An automatic valve D. An air distributor 10. Diesel engines driving alternators operating in parallel must maintain a set frequency regardless of load changes. The governor characteristic used to accomplish this is known as . A. actuation B. sensitivity C. compensation D. promptness 11. By comparing the exhaust gas temperature of each cylinder, the operator can determine if the load is balanced throughout the engine. The device most commonly used is a . A. tachometer B. pyrometer C. dynamometer D. calorimeter 12. When the ship is going to enter into the harbor, ____. A. change from heavy fuel oil to diesel oil for main engine B. pumping out bilge water C. change sea chest from high level one to lower level one D. test emergency generator 13. If the jacket water temperature rises rapidly above normal in a diesel engine, you should first . A. place standby cooler in operation B. reduce engine toad C. check thermostatic valve D. clean sea water strainer 14. Air cocks, usually positioned at the in a circulating system, is used to get rid of the air in the system. A. bending joint B. expansion tank C. weld D. the highest point 15. Which of the following conditions could contribute to the cracking of a diesel engine cylinder head? A. Leaking seal ring B. Insufficient heat transfer from the exhaust valves C. Blocked cooling water passages to the head D. Excessive scavenging air provided to the engine 16. of an engine crankshaft can be detected by measuring deflections of' crank webs for each unit of the engine. A. Misalignment B. Length C. Strength D. Stresses 17. can be a direct cause of faulty operation of diesel engine fuel injection nozzles. A. Excessive fuel nozzle holder cooling B. Sediment in the fuel supply C. Distortion of the fuel spray pattern D. Improper atomization of the fuel 18. When fuel is injected late into a diesel engine cylinder . A. the exhaust will be clear B. fuel consumption will be low C. all the fuel will be burned at top dead center D. fuel consumption will be high 19. A large change in ambient temperature, or using an oil of a viscosity different than the one recommended by the manufacturer in a mechanical hydraulic governor, will result m the need to adjust the . A. pilot valve opening B. compensating needle valve C. compensating spring tension D. accumulator spring tension 20. Which of the following factors tends to increase scale formation on the saltwater side of a heat exchanger used in a diesel engine cooling water system? A. Baffle plates that have been bent during prior removal. B. Leaks m the cooler tube nest. C. Operating the engine while maintaining a high sea water outlet temperature. D. A punctured sea water strainer supplying cooling water to the heat exchanger. 21. If the scavenge fire is of a more major nature, if there is a risk of the fire extending or if the scavenge trunk is adjacent to the crankcase with risk of a hot spot developing it sometimes becomes necessary to the engine. A. stop B. start C. speed up D. slow down 22. In an operating diesel engine, which of the following conditions is an indication of a leaking air starting valve?