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古之成大事者,不惟有超士之才,亦有坚韧不拔之志。
Every one can be successful,but there are so many different one could make it come true,it's up to yourself! Just try your best to do it!
第二次课
一．主要内容
介词的分类，用法及区别
二．知识要点
1.介词的分类
①根据介词的构成形式分类
A.简单介词
】
由一个词构成的介词称为简单介词
at，in，on，or，near，after，with，before…
B. 合成介词
由两个词合成的介词称为合成介词
inside，outside，onto，into，nearby，without……
C. 双重介词
由两个简单介词重叠在一起构成的介词称为双重介词
fom behind，until after，from among……
D. 短语介词
由一个或者几个简单介词和一个或者几个其他词类组合而成的介词称为短语介词
[
a the back of，instead of，in place of，on the point of，thanks to……
E. V-ing形式介词
在英语中一部分V-ing式具备介词性质，在很多情况下将它们视为介词。
including，onsidering，regarding
②根据介词的意义分类
A.表示时间的介词
at，on，in，about，around，between，before，since……
B.表示地点方位的介词
at，under，beside，inside，close to，off，down，beyond，along……
C.表示手段施动者的介词
'
like, with, in,by
D.表示其他含义的介词
except，esides，instead of
2.介词短语的句法功能
介词和名词，代词，数词，副词，从句，v-ing形式一起构成介词短语，介词短语可以在句中作主语，表语，补足语，定语，状语，插入语等。
1.做主语
From Shanghai to Los Angels is about 17 hours flight.从上海到洛杉矶要飞行大约17个小时。
2.做表语
My father was in the army two years ago. 两年前我父亲在部队。
This book will be of great use to you. 这本书对你会有很大的用处。
3.《
4.做补足语
When she woke up，she found herself in hospital.当她醒来时，她发现自己躺在医院里。
He is considered as the greatest leader in China. 他被认为是中国最伟大的领袖。
5.做定语
The book on the desk is very interesting. 书桌上的那本书很有趣。
The young man from Guilin is my uncle. 从桂林来的那位年轻人是我叔叔。
We visited the museum in the centre of the city. 我们参观了市中心的博物馆。
6.做状语
Class begins at half past seven. (时间) 7时半开始上课。
His parents work on a farm. (地点) 他父母在农场工作。
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She came here by train. (方式) 她乘火车来这里。
You don’t have to worry about that. (原因) 你不必为那件事担心。
7.做插入语
He was too careless，in a word，he made too many mistakes. 他太粗心了，总之，他犯的错误太多了。
3.介词的位置
介词一般放在介词宾语之前（介词宾语：用在介词后的名词或相当于名词的词或者短语），但是在下列情况中，介词一般后置
（1）介词宾语为疑问代词时
What are you interested in你对什么感兴趣
Whom did he talk with just now刚才他在和谁说话
（2）]
（3）感叹句中介词也可后置
What great trouble we are in！我们现在的麻烦可真大啊！
（4）介词宾语为关系代词时
All that I am interested in is travelling. 我所感兴趣的是旅行。
（5）被动句中含有介词的短语动词
The sick and the old here are taken good care of. 病人和老人在这里都被照顾的很好。
All these things will be talked about next time. 所有的一切将在下一次讨论。
（6）其他情况下
She is a nice girl to work with. 她是一个值得一起工作的好女孩。
The music is worth listening to once again. 这首歌值得再听一遍。
4.[
5.介词的用法和区别
（1）时间介词的用法辨析
①时间介词in、on、at、by的用法辨析
介词in用来表示一天中某段时间，指天、年、月、季节、周次等。如：in the morning
介词on用来表示某一天或星期几，指明具体的时间。如：on a rainy day
介词at用来表示特定的时间、节日、年龄等。如：at noon
介词by表示…的时候、到、等到…已经等用在天、时间的前面。如：by 2 o‘clock ②时间介词in与after 的用法辨析
介词in + 一段时间用于一般将来时。如：We’ll go to school in two weeks.
；
介词after + 一段时间用于一般过去时。如：My mother came home after half an hour.
介词after + 时间点常用于一般将来时。如：We’ll go out for a walk after supper.
③时间介词for与since的用法辨析
介词for 表示一段时间如：I have been living here for 10 years.
介词since 表示从过去某一时间以来如：I have been living here since 2000.
④时间介词during与for的用法辨析
当所指的时间起止分明时用介词during如：He swims every day during the summer.
如果一段时间不明确则用介词for如：I haven’t seen her for years.
⑤时间介词before与by的用法辨析
介词before表示“在…之前”如：He won’t come back before five .
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介词by表示“到…时为止，不迟于…”如：The work must be finished by Friday.
⑥时间介词till与until用法的异同
till和until用在肯定句中，均可表示“直到…为止”，如：I will wait till（until）seven o'clock．
till和until用在否定句中，均可表示“在…以前”或“直到…才”。
如：Tom didn't come back till（until）midnight．
till多用于普通文体，而until则用于多种文体，并且在句子开头时，用until而不用till。
如：Until he comes back，nothing can be done．
⑦不用介词表达时间的几种情况
当表示时间的词前有this, that时，其前面不用介词，如：this morning
当表示时间的词前有next时，其前面不用介词，如：next Sunday
当表示时间的词前有last时，其前面不用介词，如：last Sunday
当表示时间的词前有one, any, each, every, some或all时，其前面不用介词，如：You can come any day.
—
（2）方位介词与地点介词的用法辨析
①方位介词on, over, above的用法辨析
介词on表示一物放在另一物上面，两者紧贴在一起，如：The book is on the table.
介词over表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系，即“在…上方”，如：Is there any bridge over the river
介词above表示一般的“高于…”，“在…之上”，如：There was an electric clock above his bed.
②方位介词under与below的用法辨析
介词under是over的反义词即“在…下方”，如：They were seen under the tree.
介词below是above的反义词即“低于…”，“在…之下”，如：They live below us.
③方位介词across,、through、over,、past的用法辨析
%
介词across着重于“从一头或一边到另一头或另一边”，强调从表面穿过。
如：She went across the street to make some purchases.
介词through着重于“穿越”，强调从一定的空间内穿过。
如：The sunlight was coming in through the window.
介词over多表示从“上方越过”，如：He failed to go over the mountain; he had to go round it.
介词past表示从“面前经过”，如：Someone has just gone past the window.
④方位介词in、on、at的用法辨析
介词in表示“排、行、组”，如：We are in Team One.
介词on表示“左、右”，如：Li Ping is on my left.
介词at表示“前、后”，如：I sit at the front of the classroom.
⑤方位介词to、for的用法辨析
介词to表示目的地或去的目的，如：Wil you take a train to Tianjian.
·
介词for表示动身去某地，如：He got on a train for Shanghai.
⑥地点介词at与in的用法辨析
介词at表示较小的地方，如家、村、乡村等，如：He lives at a small village.
介词in表示较大的地方，如大城市、国家、洲等，如：He lives in Beijing.
⑦地点介词at与on的用法辨析
介词at用于门牌号，如：He lives at , Nanjing Road.
介词on用于路名，如：He lives on Nanjing Road.
⑧地点介词in、on、to的用法辨析
介词in表示“包含”如：Beijing is in the north of China.
介词on表示“紧邻”如：Canada lies on the north of the .
·
介词to表示“没接触”如：France lies to the south of England.
（3）其他易混介词的用法辨析
①动作介词to与toward的用法辨析
介词to表示向某处移动，如：They were driving to work together.
介词toward 表示移向某处，如：We're moving toward the light.
②原因介词because、as、for的用法辨析
介词because表示“因为；由于”指直接的、明确的原因，用来回答why的问句，语气最强。
如：The boy was absent because he was ill.
介词as表示“由于；鉴于”指一种显而易见、谈话双方已知的理由。
如：She stayed at home as she had no car.
介词for表示“因为；由于”指一种间接原因，甚至只是一种附带的说明。
如：It must have rained last night, for the road is wet.
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③材料介词of和from的用法
介词of用于成品与材料的性质不变时，如：The desk is made of wood.
介词from用于成品与材料的性质已变时，如：Wine is made from grapes.
④表示“用”的介词in、with、by的用法辨析
介词in表示“用材料、语言”如：Can you say it in English
介词with表示“用工具、某物”如：with a pen
介词by表示“用、以、靠、通过…方法”如：He prefers traveling by car.
⑤介词between与among的用法辨析
介词between 表示“在两者之间”如：Don’t sit between the two girls.
介词among表示“在…当中（三者或以上）”如：They lived among the mountains in the past.
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⑥介词besides与except的用法辨析
介词besides表示“除…之外（全部计算在内）”如：We have seen the crocodile besides Li Fang.
介词except表示“除…之外（不计算在内）”如：We are all Chinese except Tom in our class
5.介词的常见搭配
英语许多动词、形容词和名词都与特定的介词搭配，我们必须熟悉这些搭配关系。
1.动词与介词(或副词)的搭配
add…to 加到……上agree with 同意(某人)
arrive at(in) 到达ask for 询问
begin…with 从……开始believe in 相信
}
break into 闯入break off 打断
break out 爆发bring down 降低
bring in 引进bring up 教育，培养
build up 建起burn down 烧光
call back 回电话call for 要求约请
call in 召来call on 拜访访问
care for 喜欢carry on 继续开展
carry out 实行开展check out 查明结帐
clear up 整理，收拾come about 发生，产生come across (偶然)遇见come out 出来
;
come to 共计达到compare…with 与……比较compare to 比作cut off 切断
date from 始于depend on 依靠
devote to 献于die out 灭亡
divide up 分配dream of 梦想
fall off 下降fall over 跌倒
feed on 以……为食get down to 专心于
get through 通过give in 让步，屈服
give out 分发give up 放弃
go abroad 出国go against 反对
}
go on with 继续go through 浏览
grow up 生长hand down 传下来
hear about 听说hold out 伸出
join up 连接起来keep off 让开，不接近
keep on 继续lead to 导致
live on 靠……为生look down upon 看不起
look forward to 盼望look into 调查
look out 当心look(a) round 仔细查看
set off 动身set up 建立
show off 炫耀shut up 住口
.
speed up 加速stand for 代表，象征
stick to 坚持suffer from 遭受
talk of 谈论think of 考虑，想起
try out 试验turn down 调低
turn off 关掉worry about 担心
2.介词成语
1)英语中有大量成语由介词构成，单是一些常用介词就可构成大量成语：
at:
at a stretch 一连，连续地at a time 一次，每次
at ease 稍息，安心at first sight 一见(钟情)
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at first 最初，开始时at heart 在内心
at home 在家，随便at last 最后
at least 至少at length 最后,详细地
at most 至多at once 立即，同时
at peace(war) 处于和平(战争)状态at play(work) 在玩耍(工作)
at present 现在，目前at random 随意地，胡乱地
at the risk of 冒…的风险at the same time (与此)同时
at the start 一开头at the time 此刻，这时
at times 有时候at will 任意地
by:
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by accident 偶然by air 航空
by all means 想一切办法by bus (plane, etc) 坐巴士(飞机等)
by chance 偶然by cheque 用支票
by choice 出于自愿by daylight 在大白天
by day(night) 白天(夜间)by force 靠武力
by mistake 错误地，误把…by turns 轮流
by surprise 突然，出其不意by the way 顺便说一句
in:
in a sense 从某种意义上说in addition(to) 此外(除…之外)
in advance 事前in all 总共
【
in any case (event) 不管怎样，反正in brief 简而言之
in case 要是，如果in case of 在…情况下
in comparison 比较起来in danger 处于危险中
in debt 负债in demand 有需求
in detail 详细地in fact 实际上
in general 一般说来in one’s opinion 在(某人)看来
in order to (that) 以便，为了in other words 换句话说
in part(s) 部分地in person 亲自
in practice 实际上in public(private) 公开(私下)地
in regard to 关于in short 总之
`
in the end 最后in the middle of 在…中间
in time 及时地，经过一段时间in vain 白白地，没有结果on:
on account of 由于on behalf of 代表(某人)
on board 在船(飞机)上on condition 在…条件下
on duty 值班on fire 着火
on foot 步行on guard 有警惕，值班
on hand 在身边on holiday 在休假
on purpose 故意地on sale 在出售
on strike 罢工on the contrary 相反
·
on the way 在路上on time 准时
on the top of 在…上面on the run 正在逃窜
out of:
out of action 失灵out of breath 气喘吁吁
out of control 失去控制out of danger 脱离危险
out of doors 在户外out of fashion 不时新
out of hand 失去控制out of order 坏了
out of reach 无法得到(拿到) out of sight 看不见
out of temper 发脾气out of question 不可能
out of touch(with) 和…失去联系out of tune 走调
^
out of use 不再使用out of work 失业
2)有些介词夹在名词之间构成成语：
day after day 日复一日地year after year 年复一年
one after another 一个接一个地one by one 一个接一个
little by little 一点一点地side by side 并肩
step by step 一步步地face to face 面对面
arm in arm 手挽手地hand in hand 手牵手地
day to day 日常的day by day 一天一天地
day before yesterday 前天day after tomorrow 后天
heart to heart 互相交心的
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)还有一些成语包含两个介词：
from beginning to end 从头至尾from bad to worse 越来越糟
from time to time 不时地from head to foot 浑身
from morning to night 从早到晚from start to finish 从头至尾
from door to door 挨门挨户地from place to place 到各地
from generation to generation 一代一代地from cover to cover (书面) 全部地，从头至尾
4)此外,“be+形容词+介词”也是一类成语：
be found of 喜欢be full of 充满
be interested in 对…有兴趣be keen on 热衷于
be confident in 对…有信心be short of 缺乏
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be sick of 厌恶be proud of 对…感到骄傲
be loyal to 对…忠诚be ashamed of 为…感到羞耻
be worried about 为…担心be aware of 意识到
be busy with 忙于(某事)be different from 和…不同
be famous for 因…而出名
6.介词的省略
1. 在一些结构中，动名词前面的介词in 常常可以省略；在另一些结构中，介词from 常常可以省略。中学生常见的这类结构有：
be busy （in）doing sth
be kept busy （in）doing sth
'
be engaged （in）doing sth
have trouble / difficulty （in）doing sth
spend time （in）doing sth
prevent sb （from）doing sth
stop sb （from）doing sth
It is no use （in）doing something
There is no use/ good （in）doing sth
但是，当spend time in doing sth，prevent/ stop somebody from doing sth 中的spend，prevent 和stop 为被动语态时，介词in 和from 一般不可省略。例如：They spent a large sum of money （in）building the tower. →
A large sum of money was spent in building the tower.
）
The heavy rain prevented us （from）attending the lecture. →
We were prevented from attending the lecture by the heavy rain.
2. 由what，whose，how，when，whether 等引导的名词性从句或不定式短语作介词宾语时，其前的of，about 通常可以省略。例如：
She has no idea （of）what to do.
I'm not aware （of）how he got it.
He hesitated （about）what to do next.
I'm too old to care （about）what I look like.
3. 引导时间段的介词for 和表示行为方式的way 前面的介词in 常可省略。例如：
The snowy weather lasted （for）two weeks.
He lived alone （for）ten years.
，
Don't treat her （in）that way.
表示时间段的for 短语出现在句首或否定句中时，for 一般不能省略。例如：
We haven't seen each other for two years.
For many years，he lived in the shed alone.
4. age，color，weight，length，width，height，design，shape，size 等名词作介词of 的宾语，而且of 短语在句中作表语时，of 可以省略。例如：
The two machines are （of）the same design.
The boys are （of）the same height .
It is （of）no use to me.
三．）
四．课后习题
1.The plane arrived at London airport ______ Wednesday.
A. on
B. at
C. in
D. for
2.What do you usually do ________ Christmas
A. on
B. at
C. in
D. for
3.Mrs Brown worded in the west of Australia ________ last summer
A. /
B. on
C. in
D. since
4.The first class begins _______ 8 o’clock ______ the morning.
A. at/on
B. at/in
C. on /in
D. on/on
5._______the past two months he has been busy with his school work.
@
A. For
B. On
C. Since
D. At
6.________last Saturday, we had had two football matches with Class Two.
A. For
B. /
C. By
D. During
7.We will be in Nanjing _____ Tuesday ______Thursday.
A. on/ through
B. on/to
C. from/to
D. on./till
8.Mr Black will visit our new school building ______ two days.
A. before
B. after
C. at
D. in
9._______ the end of last spring Wang Hai joined the army _______ the end.
A. At/at
B. By/in
C. In /at
D. At /in
10.We will have a football match _____ this Saturday afternoon..
：
A. on
B. /
C. in
D. for
11.He came to see you _____ the evening of May 10th.
A. in
B. at
C. on
D. for
12.I’m afraid I gave you a lot of trouble ________ my stay here.
A. in
B. for
C. during
D. on
13.The singing group will have two performances ______ October.
A. after
B. since
C. /
D. for
14.The supermarket is open ______ midnight.
A. at
B. on
C. till
D. /
15.She didn’t go to work ______ that morning. She slept ______ noon.
@
A. /…till
B. on…till
C. at…at
D. /…at
16.He was ill _____ a week, and _______ the week he ate almost nothing .
A. for/at
B. for/during
C. during/during
D. for/for
17.Days are longer ______ summer than ___________ winter.
A. in/in
B. in/on
C. from/to
D. to/in
18.Children get presents ________ Christmas and ______ their birthday. Granny is coming
for lunch________ Christmas day.
A. at/on/on
B. on/on/on
C. at/in/at
D. in/on/in New Year’s eve people usually don’t go to bed until midnight.
A. At
B. On
C. For
D. In
20.Tom and Paul usually watch TV ______ weekends.
\
A. at
B. in
C. for
D. /
21.Every day the old man takes these children home _____ school.
A. at
B. to
C. from
D. after
22.Could you come to my office ________ the day after tomorrow.
A./
B. on
C. in
D. at
23.We had built three bridges over the river _______ the end of 1994.
A. at
B. on
C. for
D. by
24.Life will be better _____ the 21st century.
A. at
B. on
C. for
D. in
25.Do you often work late _____ night.
&
A. at
B. in
C. for
D. during
had a new card, and I didn’t write ________.
A. on it
B. it
C. in it
D. above it
is a bridge ________ the river.
A. under
B. over
C. on
D. next
said that he would meet us ____ the cinema.
A. in
B. at
C. on
D. in
is a book store________ the street corner.
A. at
B. in
C. on
D. by
the top of the teaching building we saw the lake ________ us.
、
A. under
B. over
C. below
D. above
are many beautiful birds ______ the tree.
A. on
B. at
C. in
D. besides
was written _______ page 20.
A. at
B. in
C. on
D. above
house is _____ the two buildings, so we get little sunshine during the day.
A. between
B. among
C. in
D. at
is waiting _____ bus stop ________ her father.
A. for/for
B. for/at
C. at/for
D. at/at
’t talk so loud ________ table.
、
A. by
B. on
C. at
D. beside
there anything interesting ________ today’s newspaper
A. in
B. on
C. at
D. /
and buses travel _________ the road to the town.
A. on
B. along
C. in
D. by
you tell me who spoke ________ the meeting
A. at
B. along
C. in
D. for
uncle lives ______ 208 Smith Street.
A. at
B. on
C. to
D. with
last we reaches the village ______ the hill.
}
A. at the foot of
B. at foot
C. on foot of
D. in the foot from is _______ the east of China and Japan is _______the east of China.
A. to/to
B. to /in
C. in /to
D. in /in
the end of the street you can find the post office.
A. By
B. At
C. On
D. In
you often listen ________the programmes ________ the radio.
A. to/of
B. to /in
C. to/on
D. on /to
wait ________the office . Don’t come in until you are called.
A. in
B. into
C. inside
D. outside
you going to leave Guangzhou __________ Beijing
】
A. for
B. to
C. from
D. in
whale has a nose _______ the top of its head.
A. at
B. above
C. over
D. on
must go _____ the bridge and then you will see the bank _________ the left.
A. over/on
B. to /by
C. to/on
D. over/at
is a hole _______ the wall.
A. in
B. at
C. for
D. towards
you tell me the way ______ Shanghai Zoo
A. to
B. at
C. for
D. towards
kicked the ball too hard , and it went ________ the street ________ one of Mr. Smith’s windows.
、
A. across/on
B. through./on
C. across/through
D. to / through you _______ your coming.
A. to
B. of
C. by
D. for
spent a long time ______ the maths problem.
A. in
B. on
C. for
D. at
Li is going to help him ________ his Chinese this afternoon.
A. with
B. on
C. by
D. at
much did you pay ________ this book
A. for
B. at
C. on
D. with
translate the sentence ______ English.
[
A. into
B. to
C. at
D. for
Ling fell _____ his bicycle this morning
A. on
B. down
C. off
D. to
shouted______ her, but shi didn’t hear me.
A. to
B. at
C. on
D. for
has made friends_____ many Chinese students.
A. with
B. to
C. by
D. among
school, I often learn singing and dancing _______ hobbies.
A. /
B. on
C. in
D. for
Ming fell ill this morning, so he asked _______ leave.
…
A. from
B. for
C. on
D. in
saw the man hit the boy _______ the face.
A. in
B. on
C. toward
D. by
Li, shall I write _____ ink
A. by
B. of
C. in
D. with
Li, shall I write _____ ink
A. by
B. of
C. in
D. with
64Can you find out the answer__________ these questions
A. of
B. for
C. to
D. with
his help, I passed the English test yesterday.
#
A. Under
B. Of
C. With
D. by
’t forget to bring your text book ______ you.
A. in B after C. with D. to
people are waiting ____ the bus, and they ate standing ____ line.
A. for/on
B. for/in
C. at /on
D. at/in
you sing this song _____ English
A. with
B. in
C. by
D. for
is the boy _____ blue trousers
A. in
B. on
C. with
D. at
decided to get some medicine_______ his cold.
A. to
B. of
C. on
D. for
baby’s sleeping. Don’t speak_______ such a loud voice.
A. with
B. in
C. on
D. at
old woman over there is blind _______ both eyes.
A. on
B. with
C. for
D. in
is a large country _______ a long history.
A. for
B. in
C. by
D. with
can’t live even for a few minutes______ air.
A. in
B. without
C. by
D. with
soldiers are standing__________ a row.
A. in
B. on
C. by
D. with
always serves her customers _______ a smile.
A. in
B. with
C. by
D. on
’t read _____ the sun. It’s bad _________ your eyes.
A. under/of
B. in/towards
C. in/ for
D. under/for
many students go to school _____ foot
A. by
B. in
C. on
D. with
here, and I want to have a word _______ you.
A. with
B. for
C. to
D. on
his great surprise, the experiment has turned out a success.
A. In
B. To
C. With
D. At
girl______ dark hair and bright eyes is LiLi.
A. with
B. in
C. on
D. by
heard the song_______ the radio. If you want to learn it, you may watch the MTV _______ Channel 8 tonight.
A. in; on
B. on; on
C. on; at
D. in; in
saw the great changes ________ my own eyes.
A. in
B. by
C. on
D. with
can cook a fish______ many ways.
A. in
B. by
C. with
D. for
like the cross talk ________ Class Two best.
A. in
B. by
C. for
D. /
can see taxis ___________ different colours and sizes in big cities.
A. of
B. with
C. for
D. /
, here is a letter ______ you. It’s ________ your brother.
A. from/ to
B. for/ to
C. for/from
D. for/for
中考英语介词考点归纳与例析 【重点讲解】 介词又称为“前置词”，不能单独作句子成分，其主要功能是与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语，表示时间、位置、方向或方法等。介词短语可在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。例如： The girl over there is John’s sister. (定语) My father will be back in two weeks. (状语) Our English teacher is from Ameraca. (表语) Help yourself to some fish. (宾语补足语) 介词的用法比较复杂，特别是一些常用介词，能与动词、名词和形容词等搭配，表示不同的意义，中考英语试题也往往从这方面来考查。学习介词光靠死记硬背是没用的，要注意介词和其他词搭配，要记一些固定搭配的短语，另外对于一些容易混淆的短语，最好是记含有这些短语的句子。 1．in, at, on 表示时间、地点的区别。 指时间时，in 表示一段时间，如year, monnth, spring, 以及morning, afternoon, evening 等。at 用于钟点时刻前，所表示的时间大多比较短暂，例如：at 7:00, at a quarter to eight.。另外，在noon和night前也用at。on 主要用于星期几、节日或具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上。例如：on Mid-autumn Day, On Sunday, On June 2nd。 指地点时，in 表示国家，城市等大地方，也表示在……里面、内部、某一范围之内。at 表示某一点或用于小地点前。on 表示在……上（互相接触），如on the table, on the desk等。 2．in, to, on 表示方位的区别。 in表示在某一地区之内的某个方位。on表示与某一地区的毗邻关系。to 表示在某一地区之外的某方位。例如： Shenzhen is in the south of Guangdong. Shenzhen is to the south of Guangzhou. Shenzhen is on the south of Dongguan. 3．in 和after表示时间的区别。 in和after表示时间都是“在……以后”的意思，in 表示从现在算起到若干时间以后，用于一般将来时和过去将来时。after表示从过去算起到若干时间以后，用于一般过去时。in 只可接时间段，after除接时间段以外，还可接时间点。 4．across和through的区别。 两者都表示“穿过，越过”。across含有“从……表面穿过”之意；through含有“从……中间穿过”之意。表示游渡、乘船过河时用across。 5．since 和for 的区别。 since后常接点时间，表示“从……时候以来”。for后常接一段时间，表示“多长时间了”。 【中考链接】 1. We will never forget what happened ________the afternoon of May 12, 2008. A. in B. by C. at D. on
人教版中考英语专项训练介词训练题 一、初中英语介词 1．Stephen Hawking was famous a scientist, he made a great contribution to the world, and he died March 14th, 2018. A. for; on B. as; in C. as; on 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：史蒂芬·霍金作为科学家而闻名，他为世界做出了巨大的贡献，他逝世于2018年3月14日。空一，根据 a scientist ，可知是作为……而出名，be famous as；空二，具体到某一天，使用介词on。故选C。 【点评】此题考查固定短语和介词用法。 2．I'll be at home __________ Sunday morning. You can phone me then. A. on B. in C. at D. to 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：在周日早上我将在家，那时你可以给我打电话。on+具体时间；in+the+morning/afternoon/evening，在早上/下午/晚上；at+时间点。Sunday morning指的是周日早上，指的是具体日期，所以用on，故选A。 【点评】考查介词辨析，注意平时识记on、in、at的区别。 3．Humans can not make progress dreams. A. with B. without C. through D. about 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：没有了梦想，人类就不会进步。A.带着，有；B.没有；C.通过；D.关于。梦想是人类前进的动力，根据Humans can not make progress，可知人类不会进步，是因为没有梦想，应会使用介词without，故答案是B。 【点评】考查近词辨析，注意识记介词without的用法。 4．Yesterday our headmaster made a speech ________ environmental protection, and we learned something about recycling of waste. A. on B. at C. to 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：昨天我们的校长做了一个关于环境保护的演讲，并且我们学到了一些关于废物利用的知识。on，关于，这样与学术有关；at在；to到达。演讲是关于环境保护的，而环境保护是有关学术的，故选A。 【点评】考查介词辨析，注意平时识记其词义，理解句意。 5．—Shall we stop and wait for others？ —Sounds good. I think they will catch up______ a few minutes. A. during B. after C. for D. in
中考九年级英语介词专项练习题 一、初中英语介词 1．—Bill, did you see Tom? —Yes, he just parked his car here and then hurried the street. A. through B. over C. past D. across 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：—比尔, 你看见汤姆了吗？—是的，他刚刚把车停在这儿，然后匆忙穿过街道。A. through穿过（从物体中间穿过）；B. over越过（在物体上方,不接触）； C. past经过（从旁边经过）； D. across穿过（从物体表面横穿），穿过街道应该是从表面穿过，用across。故选D。 【点评】考查介词辨析。熟记这些介词的含义。 2．I'll be at home __________ Sunday morning. You can phone me then. A. on B. in C. at D. to 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：在周日早上我将在家，那时你可以给我打电话。on+具体时间；in+the+morning/afternoon/evening，在早上/下午/晚上；at+时间点。Sunday morning指的是周日早上，指的是具体日期，所以用on，故选A。 【点评】考查介词辨析，注意平时识记on、in、at的区别。 3．We are going to have a party ______ the evening of June 30th. A. on B. in C. at D. for 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：我们打算在六月三十日晚上举行晚会。根据30th，可知是具体日期，on+具体日期，是固定搭配，在某天，故选A。 【点评】考查固定搭配，注意on+具体日期的用法。 4．Frank held his breath _____ the water to search for his ring in the swimming pool. A. at B. by C. over D. under 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：弗兰克在水下屏住呼吸，在游泳池中找他的戒指。A.在……，B.通过某种方式；C.高于；D.在……下，面。根据Frank held his breath 和in the swimming，可知一定是在水下，应使用介词under，故答案是D。 【点评】考查介词辨析，注意结合语境思考问题并解决问题。 5．My English teacher always comes into the classroom ____a smile. A. by B. for C. on D. with 【答案】 D
中考四轮复习第一轮专题8：介词和介词短语 一、介词的定义 介词是一种虚词，不能独立存在。它必须和随后的不足成分一起构成介词短语，才能用作句子的成分。 一、介词（短语）的分类 【注意】 3.表示方式、手段或工具的介词 （1）表示方式 4.其他常考介词的基本用法
三、介词（短语）的基本用法 1.用作表语。 e.g. We are in the classroom. 2.用作宾语补足语。 e.g. I was surprised to find him on the bus. 3.用作后置定语。 e.g. The girl in a white T-shirt is my sister. 4.用作状语。 e.g. There are many flowers in the garden.
五、介词（短语）中考考点 考点一 动词+介词： at：look at laugh at knock at shout at point at for：pay for look for ask for leave for on：depend on get on call on pass on go on with：agree with argue with begin with about：think about care about worry about be+形容词+介词： of：be proud of be full of be afraid of for：be famous for be ready for be sorry for be late for in：be interested in be strcit in... at：be good at be angry at be surprised at with：be satisfied/pleased with be srict with be angry with 考点二 of sb.和for sb. It’s +adj.+of sb.+to do sth. 该句型多用于表示人物的性格或品德。其中的形容词多是表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good，kind，nice，clever，foolish等。 It’s adj.+for sb.+to do sth. 该句型多用于表示人物或事物的特征。其中的形容词多是表示客观形势的形容词，如easy，hard，difficult，interesting 等。 考点针对联系 一、单项选择 1.【2013·北京】Lucy lived in Beijing from 2008 ________ 201 2. A.on B.to C.at D.of 2.【2013·大连】In America,people start celebrating the New Year _________ 31st December. A.in B.at C.on D.for 3.【2013·扬州】-How long have you lived in the new flat? -________ 2010. A.In B.After C.Since D.Before 4.【2013·锦州】Most of my classmates go to school _________ bike. A.at B.by C.on D.in 5.【2013·上海】Wow!Ten students in our class will celebrate their fourteenth birthdays _________ October! A.in B.on C.at D.to 6.【2013·呼和浩特】________ her husband,she has now become a famous film star. A.Because B.Thanks to C.Thanks for D.With the help of 7.【2013·兰州】-Why do you always go to Lanzhou University on weekends? -Because there’re lots of great speakers I can practice English ________ in the English corner there. A.with B.to C.on D.about 8.【2013·烟台】-Why do you always sleep _______? -Because I’m afraid of the dark. A.by yourself B.with the door open C.with the window open D.with the light on 9.【2013·三亚】On my visit to Australia,I feel Australians are similar ________ us in many ways. A.with B.in C.to D.at 10.【2013·河南】-What did you get _________ your birthday,Jason? -An iPad 3,from my aunt. A.to B.at C.with D.for 11.【2013·安徽】Mrs. King put a coat _________ the sleeping girl to keep her warm. A.over B.with C.behind D.beside
最新中考英语介词真题汇编(含答案) 一、初中英语介词 1．—Bill, did you see Tom? —Yes, he just parked his car here and then hurried the street. A. through B. over C. past D. across 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：—比尔, 你看见汤姆了吗？—是的，他刚刚把车停在这儿，然后匆忙穿过街道。A. through穿过（从物体中间穿过）；B. over越过（在物体上方,不接触）； C. past经过（从旁边经过）； D. across穿过（从物体表面横穿），穿过街道应该是从表面穿过，用across。故选D。 【点评】考查介词辨析。熟记这些介词的含义。 2．—Is there ________ in today's morning news on CCTV-1? —Yes, France Team beat Korea Team by 4: 0 in the 8`h FIFA Women's World Cup in France ________ June 8, 2019. A. anything special; on B. something special; in C. special something; on D. anything special; in 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：——在央视一今日新闻里有特殊的事情吗？——是的。法国队在2019年6月8日的法国第八届女子足球世界杯中以4:比0的成绩击败了韩国队。复合不定代词+形容词，排除B、C。问句是一般疑问句，所以用anything；on+几月几日，June 8 是几月几日，具体日期，所以用on，故选A。 【点评】考查复合不定代词及介词用法，注意平时识记，理解句意。 3．We will attend the junior high graduation ceremony ________ June 21st, 2019. A. in B. at C. on 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：在2019年6月21日我们将参加高中毕业典礼。in用在年、月的名词前；介词at用在时间点前面，在具体的某个日期前用介词on，故选C。 【点评】此题考查介词用法。掌握介词的使用规则。 4．—Shall we stop and wait for others？ —Sounds good. I think they will catch up______ a few minutes. A. during B. after C. for D. in 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——要不我们停下来等别人好吗？——听起来不错。我认为他们再过几分钟会赶上来的。for"为、为了"；during"在……期间"；in"在……之内"；after"在……之后"，四者都是介词；in+时间，在……之后，表将来，根据will，可知句子为一般将来时，所以应使用in，故答案是D。
初中英语介词专项练习题 1 ( ) 1 Children get gifts ____ Christmas and ____ their birthdays. A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on ( ) 2 -There is nothing ____tomorrow afternoon, is there? -No. We can have a game of table tennis. A. on B. in C. out D. up ( ) 3 A lot of students in our school were born____March, 1981. A. in B. at C. on D. since ( ) 4Tim suddenly returned____ a rainy night. A. on B. at C. in D. during ( ) 5My grandfather was born____Oct. 10, 1935. A. on B. In C. at D. of ( ) 6The train is starting___five minutes. A. In B. At C. For D.still ( ) 7Mike does his exercises ____ seven _____ the evening. A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at; on 2 ( ) 1 The population of the world has grown very fast ____ four hundred years. A. for past the B. in the pass C. in the past D. for past ( ) 2 We returned to our hometown___. A. next week B. in the last week C. last week D . for a week ( ) 3 Great changes have taken place___. A. in the last few year B. in the last few years C. last year D. on the last year 3 ( ) 1 Children wake up very early____the morning of Christmas Day. A. in B. on C. for D. at ( ) 2 ____ a cold winter morning, I met her in the stfeet. A. In B. On C. At D. For ( ) 3 It happened to be very cold____ the morning of our sports meet. A. at B. on C. with D. of ( ) 4 Why did you get up so early ___ this morning. A. on B. / C. at D. in 4 ( ) 1 He went to Shanghai___ September 3, 1991 and came back___ a cold morning last year. A. in; on B. on; in C. on; on D. in; ia ( ) 2 Lucy was born____ the night of May 12, 1984. . ...
(2016·辽宁丹东) 35. Some people are used to getting up late a cold morning. A. on B. in C. at D. of 35. A 考查介词用法。句意：一些人习惯在寒冷的早上晚起。泛指一天三个时段用介词in，如：in the morning/afternoon/evening；如果一天三个时段前有形容词修饰，则用介词on。故选A。(2016?云南昆明)21. Shanghai Disneyland opened _____ June 16th, 2016. We are thirsty to go. A. in B. on C. at D. of 21．B 考查介词。句意：上海迪士尼乐园在2016年6月16日开放了。我们渴望去。介词on表示在具体某一天。故选B。 (2016?云南昆明)34. Emily got the first place in the Spelling Bee. We all admire her spelling ability. A. a competition to spell words B. a competition to give speeches C. a competition to tell stories D. a competition to sing songs 34．A 考查介词短语。句意：艾米莉在_________赢得了第一名。我们都羡慕她的拼写能力。A. 一个拼写单词的比赛；B. 一个演讲比赛；C. 一个讲故事比赛；D. 一个歌唱比赛。根据第二句话“我们都羡慕她的拼写能力”可知与A相关。 (2016?云南昆明)35. Little Tom was in seventh heaven when he got a fashion bicycle for his birthday. A. disappointed B. angry C. upset D. happy 35．D 考查介词短语。句意：当小汤姆在生日上得到一辆时尚自行车的时候，他_________。A. 失望；B. 生气；C. 沮丧的；D. 高兴的。根据生活经验“收到很时尚的礼物，感觉很高兴”，可知选D。(2016·辽宁大连)1. Disney opened a park in Shanghai _____ 16th June, 2016. A. in B. n C. at D. of 1. B 本题考查介词的辨析。句意：迪士尼在上海开了公园在2016年6月16日。在具体的某一天前用介词on，故选B。 (2016·黑龙江齐齐哈尔) 29. _________Journey to the West, she has also read Little Women. A. Besides B. But C. Except 29. A 考查介词。根据后面句子中的also可知提示是包括《西游记》在内，她还读了《小女人》。besides意为“除了……还有”；but意为：除了，常和否定词连用；except意为“除了……（没有）”。根据分析可知选A。 (2016·黑龙江大庆)3. It was careless _______ Lingling to make ________ mistakes. A. for; a lot of B. of; a plenty of C. for; an amount of D. of; a number of 3.D 考查固定句型。句意：玲玲太粗心了，犯了那么多错误。It is +adj. + of sb. to do sth.是固定句型，
中考英语介词专题练习 1. Children get gifts ____ Christmas and ____ their birthdays. A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on 2.There is nothing tomorrow afternoon, is there? -No. We can have a game of table tennis. A. on B. in C. out D. up 3. A lot of students in our school were born ____ March, 1981. A. in B. at C. on D. since 4. He suddenly returned____ a rainy night. A. on B. at C. in D. during 5. My grandfather was born ____ Oct. 10, 1935. A. on B. in C. at D. of 6. The train is starting ___ five minutes. A. in B. at C. for D. still 7. Mike does his exercises ____ seven _____ the evening. A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at; on 8. The population of the world has grown very fast ____ four hundred years. A. for past the B. in the pass C. in the past D. for past 9. We returned to our hometown___. A. next week B. in the last week C. last week D. for a week 10. Great changes have taken place___. A. in the last few year B. in the last few years C. last year D. on the last year 11. Children wake up very early ____ the morning of Christmas Day. A. in B. on C. for D. at 12. ____ a cold winter morning, I met her in the street. A. In B. On C. At D. For 13. It happened to be very cold____ the morning of our sports meet. A. at B. on C. with D. of 14. Why did you get up so early ___ this morning. A. on B. / C. at D. in 15. He went to Shanghai___ September 3, 1991 and came back___ a cold morning last year. A. in; on B. on; in C. on; on D. in; in 16. Lucy was born____ the night of May 12, 1984. . ... A. on B. in C. at D. to 17. Mrs Brown came to China ____ 1996. A. on B. of C. to D. in 18. ___ the morning of November 20, 1915, the workers came to Chicago to show their mourning ___ Joe Hill.
中考英语介词100及答案经典 一、初中英语介词 1．The Dragon Boat Festival falls_________ May or June every year. A. in B. on C. at D. between 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：端午节每年五月或六月举行。May or June五月或六月，月份前需用介词in，故选A。 【点评】考查时间介词辨析，注意in，on，at的用法。 2．—Excuse me. Where is the nearest bookstore? —Go ________ Center Street and you'll find it. A. For B. along C. with 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——打扰一下。最近的书店在哪里？——一直沿着中心街走，你就会发现它。A.为了；B.沿着；C.和。go along，沿着……走，固定搭配，故选B。 【点评】考查介词辨析。注意句子涉及到固定搭配go along。 3．I will go around the city of Dalian by light-rail vehicle（轻轨） subway because I haven't taken it before. A. instead of B. in the face of C. along with D. across from 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：我打算不坐地铁，坐轻轨车参观大连，因为我以前从没有坐过。 A.而不是； B.面对； C.和……一起； D.在……对面。因为原来没有坐过轻轨，所以这里是坐轻轨而不是坐地铁，故答案是A。 【点评】考查短语辨析，注意识记短语instead of的意思。 4．The high-speed train Qingdao and Beijing travels faster now. The train ride takes only about three hours. A. from B. among C. in D. between 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：现在青岛和北京之间的高速列车跑得更快了。火车车程只有大约三个小时。from 从；among 在……中；in 在……里；between 在……之间；根据后面的and，可知是固定搭配，between…and…，在……和……之间，故选D。 【点评】此题考查介词辨析。根据句意和上下文的联系确定所使用的介词。 5．Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily ________the windows. A. against B. across C. above D. below 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：Ben正在帮他妈妈的忙，这时雨开始猛烈地打在窗户上。A.against
一．介词的含义 介词是一种虚词，用来表示名词或相当于名词的其它词语与句中其它词的关系，不能单独使 用。介词可以与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。 二．表示时间的介词 at (表示钟点): at 6：30 固定搭配: at noon ; at night ; at present / at the moment in (表示年代/月份/季节): in July; in 2006; in September，1998 ； in spring 固定搭配: in the morning / in the afternoon / in the evening on (表示具体日期: 某月某日/星期几): on Monday ; on Sunday morning ; on December 17 before在 --- 之前after 在--之后 by在--之前（时间）；到--为止until / till : 直到 --（时间） since自从 -- 以来for（接一段时间） during 在 -- 期间from 从--时起 in + 一段时间： --以后（用于将来时）within --之内 after+ 一段时间：--以后（用于过去时） beyond --之外 三．表示场所，方向的介词 at 在某处（小地方）（at the cinema； at school； at home； at the railway station） in 在某处（大地方）（in China； in Beijing）；在--里面（in the classroom； in the water） on 在--上面（紧贴着其表面）: (on the table; on one’s face) near 在---附近 beside：在--旁边by 在--旁边 between在--和--之间among在--（3者或更多的人或物）当中 in front of 在--的前面behind 在--的后面 beside: 在—旁边 into 进入--里out of 从--中出来 near / nest to 靠近 across穿过（沿着表面）through穿过（从中间）along 沿着 from -- to -- 从--到-- around 在--周围 over 在--的正上方under在--的正下面/ above 在--斜上方 below 在--斜下方
中考英语初中英语介词专项练习含答案解析 一、初中英语介词 1．I stopped _____the night in a small village while I was on holiday in the Himalayas a few years ago. A. at B. for C. until D. through 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】意思：很多年前当我在喜马拉雅山脉度假的时候，我在一个小村镇停留了一个晚上。 stop for the night停下来过夜，故答案为B. 【点评】考查介词辨析，掌握固定搭配。 2．John often takes a walk _______ his grandpa after dinner. A. to B. for C. along D. with 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：约翰经常晚饭后和他的爷爷散步。A.朝；B.为了；C.沿着；D.和……一起。根据his grandpa，可知此处应是晚饭后跟爷爷散步，故选D。 【点评】考查介词辨析。注意句子涉及到with的词义和用法。 3．Humans can not make progress dreams. A. with B. without C. through D. about 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：没有了梦想，人类就不会进步。A.带着，有；B.没有；C.通过；D.关于。梦想是人类前进的动力，根据Humans can not make progress，可知人类不会进步，是因为没有梦想，应会使用介词without，故答案是B。 【点评】考查近词辨析，注意识记介词without的用法。 4．—Do you have this T-shirt in a different color? —I'm afraid not. It only comes red. A. of B. in C. for 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——你有不同颜色的这件t恤吗？——恐怕没有。只有红色。根据T-shirt in a different color，可知是in+颜色，故选B。 【点评】考查介词辨析，注意辨别介词of、in和for 的用法。 5．—Shall we stop and wait for others？ —Sounds good. I think they will catch up______ a few minutes. A. during B. after C. for D. in 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——要不我们停下来等别人好吗？——听起来不错。我认为他们再过几分钟会赶上来的。for"为、为了"；during"在……期间"；in"在……之内"；after"在……之
译林版中考英语复习专题介词专题(含答案) 一、初中英语介词 1．Stephen Hawking was famous a scientist, he made a great contribution to the world, and he died March 14th, 2018. A. for; on B. as; in C. as; on 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：史蒂芬·霍金作为科学家而闻名，他为世界做出了巨大的贡献，他逝世于2018年3月14日。空一，根据 a scientist ，可知是作为……而出名，be famous as；空二，具体到某一天，使用介词on。故选C。 【点评】此题考查固定短语和介词用法。 2．The worlds longest cross-sea bridge, Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, opened ________ October 24 2018. A. in B. at C. by D. on 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：世界最长的跨海大桥，香港-珠海-澳门大桥在2018年10月24日开通。in the morning/afternoon/evening，在早上/下午/晚上，固定搭配；at+时间点；by戒指；on+几月几日，故选D。 【点评】考查介词辨析，注意平时识记，理解句意。 3．John often takes a walk _______ his grandpa after dinner. A. to B. for C. along D. with 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：约翰经常晚饭后和他的爷爷散步。A.朝；B.为了；C.沿着；D.和……一起。根据his grandpa，可知此处应是晚饭后跟爷爷散步，故选D。 【点评】考查介词辨析。注意句子涉及到with的词义和用法。 4．—Do you have this T-shirt in a different color? —I'm afraid not. It only comes red. A. of B. in C. for 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——你有不同颜色的这件t恤吗？——恐怕没有。只有红色。根据T-shirt in a different color，可知是in+颜色，故选B。 【点评】考查介词辨析，注意辨别介词of、in和for 的用法。 5．—Shall I help you ________ the street, Grandpa? —No, thanks. I can manage it myself. A. on B. with C. across D. along 【答案】 C
2019年中考英语介词与介词短语50题 1.﹣﹣﹣Do you agree with her idea？ ﹣﹣﹣No，I'm riding an electric bike to school.That's too dangerous. A.for B.on C.against D.off 2.–Is the manager in? --Sorry, he is out.But he will be back ____ three o’clock. A.in B.on C.until D.before 3.—Where is the bookstore? —It's ________ the second floor, ________ the furniture store and the drugstore. A.on；between B.at；next to C.on；among D.in；across from 4.--Purple doesn’t look good ______ you, but you look cool _______ black. ---Really? Let me try . A.on, on B.in, in C.on, in D.in, on 5.—Did you and your parents join in the trip? —Yes.______ us，the Greens also went to the amusement park. A.Except B.Except for C.Beside D.Besides 6.In order ________ for the meeting, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning. A.not to be late B.not being late C.to be late D.being late 7.We could see a lake _____ us from the top of the mountain. A.at B.beside C.behind D.below 8.It is very kind you to help me with my lessons because it is very difficult me to learn them well. A.of；for B.of；of C.for；of D.for；for 9.—Hurry up！There's a bus coming! —Why run？There will be another one ________ two or three minutes. A.by B.in C.for D.on 10.Most people are ________ building a paper factory near here.They are worried the river will get polluted. A.for B.with C.against D.beyond 11.China lies _______ the east of Asia and ______ the north of Australia. A.to; to B.in; to C.to; in D.in; on 12.Boys, why not read some books South Africa before you start your trip there? A.for B.of C.in D.on 13.We often climb mountains Sunday morning to keep ourselves healthy. A.in B.at C.to D.on 14.—Do you agree ______ the plan? —Yes，but I don't agree ______ what he said.（） A.to；with B.with；to C.on；with