TPO 3
The authenticity of the portrait of an elderly woman in a white bonnet attributed to Rembrandt was doubted in the reading. However, the lecture believes that this painting was indeed a masterpiece by Rembrandt.
The reading argues that Rembrandt, as one of the most prominent painters in the world, is known for his attention to details, is unlikely make a mistake of inconsistence between the lavish fur and the servile white linen cap. However, the lecturer points out that the fur was later added on by other people for commercial purposes. When the fur is removed, the actual painting underneath matches with the rest of this portrait.
Another controversy is the discordance of light and shadow in this painting. According to the reading, the dark color of the fur collar should leave a shadow rather than lighting up servants face. However, the lecturer mentioned that a whitish cloth revealed upon the removal of the dark fur collar. Therefore, in the original painting, the collar would have reflected the light and then illuminated her face.
Finally, the author suspects the genuineness of this painting due to glued wood panel, a style that has never been observed in Rembrand t’s other paintings. Nevertheless, the lecture explained that it was also added by the others. In addition, when all the wood pieces near the margin are removed, the remaining central part is made from the wood coming from the same tree as that of his self-portrait, providing a strong evidence for the authenticity of this painting.
TPO 15
Cane toads, firstly introduced from America, proliferated in Australia and thus posed a threat to some local animals. The reading listed three measures to control the spread of cane toads, but the lecturer points out limitations to these solutions.
First, the reading suggests that building national fence would prevent cane toads’ spread, which has been proved successful for the case of rabbits in early twentieth century. On the contrary, the lecturer thinks this method would be unsuccessful in that young toads and toads’ eggs will be carried by the water stream through the gaps between the fence to the other side. And It takes only a few young toads or toad eggs for this species to thrive in a new area.
As for the second way mentioned in the reading-capturing and destroying toads near water by volunteers-the lecturer believes that it comes with a severe side effect. Without/Lacking in training, most volunteer will fail to distinguish between cane toads and native frogs especially when they are young, and thus they might accidentally kill the endangered native frogs.
Finally, according to the reading, a special virus can be designed to specifically hurt cane toads will effectively curb their population increase without harming other creatures. The professor admits that this virus can reduce cane toad’s population in Australia. However, chances are that this virus will be transported to Central and South America through researchers or pet collectors. As a result, it will damage the whole ecosystem because cane toads are native species there.
TPO 16
The reading passage addresses the concern that the archaeology industry in the United Kingdom encountered many limitations and problems. However, in the lecture, the professor says that new rules and guidelines introduced in 1990s actually solved these problems.
To start with, the reading claims that many artifacts were lost or destroyed due to the increasing construction work. On the contrary, the professor says that the new rules required examinations before the construction, which were conducted by professional archaeologists of the site, to see if the site was of archaeological interest. The company would either excavate the artifacts or build around the site once it is considered to be archaeologically valuable.
Secondly, the reading states that previous funds provided by the government to support the archaeological research are insufficient. The new rules demanded that the construction company, rather than the government, should pay all the cost incurred during the whole process, including the initial examination as well as the extra work carried out throughout the preservation plan. This new source of funding allowed archaeologists to study a greater range of projects than they could in the past.
Finally, according to the reading, there are only few positions in archaeology before and
many archaeology-related talents have to find other jobs instead. However, according to the new rules, all stages of the preservation plan were hiring archaeologists to do all kinds of work, ranging from examining the site, processing data to writing reports. As a result, the rules have created many job opportunities in the archaeological field.
TPO 20
The “let it burn”policy was questioned after the fire in Yellowstone. However, the professor stood by the policy by mentioning positive changes happening in Yellowstone after the fire.
According to the reading, a variety of trees were heavily scorched from the fire, let alone many small plants in the forest. However, the listening points out that the fire has actually diversified the vegetation in Yellowstone afterwards. This is because some plants now have an open unshaded space to thrive and heat from the fire also caused some seeds to successfully germinate.
Second, while the reading believes that the fire has either killed or permanently driven away animals, the listening mentioned a stronger food chain, and a more vibrant ecosystem formed later. Accompanying diversification of vegetation, seared area became an ideal living place for small animals like rabbits. In turn, their predators also arrived in this land.
Lastly, the reading says that the 1988 fire shortened the tourist season of Yellowstone park, and had subsequently inflicted huge damage on local economy. The listening points out that low rainfall, strong wind and other extreme weather conditions caused the fire to be massive. Such combination of bad weather has never happened afterwards; Yellowstone has not witness a fire of such magnitude after 1988. It is now still one of the most popular places to visit in America.
TPO 23
The reading mainly raised three hypotheses that explain the decline in numbers of yellow cedars. However, the listening points out the weaknesses of these hypotheses respectively.
First, the reading believes that insect parasites, specifically cedar bark beetles, are responsible for the population decline since record shows that beetles attacks have killed yellow cedars. However, the listening points out that those trees that died from beetles’ attack was already sick and was going to die anyway. In fact, yellow cedars are much more resistant to bug infection as their bark and leaves contain chemical substances that is poisonous to insects.
Second, the reading says brown bears usually claw at yellow cedars for bark as their food resource. As a result, trees weaken and then drop in numbers. However, according to the listening, yellow cedars grown on both mainland and islands across northwestern coast. Islands are not habit for brown bears, yet yellow cedars there are also disappearing. Thus, the aggressive feeding habit of brown bears is not an adequate explanation.
The third hypothesis mentioned by reading concerns with climate change. The alteration of temperature patterns has rendered the roots of yellow cedar so sensitive that they are easily damaged by freeze of winter, which in turn undermines their health and causes their death. The listening, however, accuses the reading of neglecting the fact that more trees are dying at lower elevation, which is warmer, than at higher elevation. This is completely opposite to what the reading has suggested. Even though yellow cedar roots did become sensitive, it is not the reason for population decline.
TPO 26
The reading claims that Zebra Mussel’s invasion into North America is unstoppable and will subsequently become a menace to native fish populations there. The lecturer, however, believes that there are indeed ways to curb the spread of Zebra Mussels, and even if they manage to invade North America, they will not necessarily harm all the fish population.
First, according to the reading, these mussels, originating from Eastern Europe, get a free ride to North America in the fresh water named ballast water at the bottom of the ships. However, the listening points out that mussels cannot live in salt water. Therefore, if all the ships are required to empty its ballast water and then fill in with salt water during the
trip, all Zebra mussels cannot possibly survive their journey to North America, let alone settling down there.
Second, the reading says that once the mussels arrive in North America, their hardy nature and lack of predators will help them dominate the whole area, but the lecturer finds this unconvincing. He said that in Europe, there were no predators for Zebra mussels at first, either. However, they did not thrive because local aquatic birds gradually recognized them as a new source of food, and started to consume majority of them. The lecturer is confident that the same situation will occur in North America again.
Lastly, the reading expresses its concerns over the detriment mussels will bring to overall fish population by explaining that they will fight many fish for plankton, a major food resource for both sides. While the lecturer admits this disadvantage of mussel colonization, he also suggests that the advent of mussels will be a blessing for some fish living at the bottom of the lake as these fish feed on nutrients generated by Zebra mussels.
TPO 30
The author in the passage suspects the burning mirror theory in Greek’s defense against Roman navy. However, the lecturer thinks that the points made in the reading are unconvincing.
First, the reading believes Greeks did not possess the technology to produce a mirror large enough to ignite ships. The listening points out that the burning mirror did not have to be a single piece of glass. It can be accomplished by arranging dozens of polished copper into a parabolic curve, whose properties were known to Greek at that time. Second, according to the reading, experiments showed that burning mirror would have taken ten minutes to set unmoving wood on fire, and Roman ships would not stay static for that long. However, the listening mentions that Greeks did not have to aim at wood on the ship. A sticky substance called pitch used to seal gaps between woods can catch fire within seconds with burning mirror, and the fire will quickly spread to the wood, and then finally the whole ship.
Third, the reading states that there was no reason for ancient Greeks to develop another
weapon since they had already possessed the flaming arrow, which was more efficient to set fire than the burning mirror. However, the listening argues that Roman soldiers were every familiar with those flaming arrow, so they would be prepared to tackle fires caused by them. In contrast, burning mirror could set fire anywhere possible on the ship and thus baffle the soldiers.
TPO 43
The reading proposes three hypotheses on the living style of the agnostids, and the speaker has pointed out the weaknesses of them respectively.
First, the reading states that agnostids, like many other arthropods, may be free-swimming predators that feed on small animals. The speaker challenges this statement by saying that free-swimming predators usually have large developed eyes enabling them to find food. However, agnostids are nearly blind and also do not have special sensory organs to locate their food. Therefore, it is impossible for them to prey on small organisms in ancient oceans.
Second, according to the reading, agnostids may have dwelled on the seafloor where dead organisms and bacteria can serve as their food resources. The listening mentions that the fact that agnostids inhabited multiple geographic areas that scatter across large distances indicated their ability to move fast. This is uncharacteristic for seafloor dwellers who usually move slowly and stay localized. Thus, agnostids might not be seafloor dwellers. Last, the speaker says that a great quantity of parasites would have easily kills the hosts they live on. Thus, in order for the hosts to survive, the number of agnostids must be within certain limits, contradictory to the discovery that many species contain great amount of fossilized agnostids. In other words, agnostids could not have existed as parasites as they would have easily killed their hosts.
TPO 44
Quite opposite to what is said in the reading, the listening holds the opinion that many archaeologists believe the silver coin was originated in European and brought to North America by the Norse, a European explorer, by providing three pieces of evidence
First, the reading material states that the distance between the discovery site of the coin and Norse settlement was more than a thousand kilometers, indicating a small chance that the coin belonged to them. However, the lecture opposes it by saying that native Americans were interested in collecting things from other places, so it is possible that they reached Norse settlements during long distance travels and brought the coin back to Maine.
Second, the reading claims that the absence of other coins denied the ownership of the found silver coin to the Norse. However, the Norse only stayed in America temporarily, and the listening suggests a possibility that they might have packed all their valuable possessions when returning to Europe. Thus, it makes perfect sense that only one coin was left behind and discovered later.
Third, the lecturer agrees with the reading in that native Americans may fail to recognize silver coins as currency, but it also points out that the Norse surmised native Americans liked beautiful things. Silver coins might be appealing to native Americans as they could have been used in necklaces or other type of jewelry. In other words, in contrast to the reading, the Norse could have traded with native Americans with these coins.
新托福满分作文范文(30篇).pdf
托福写作辅导：托福考试满分作文欣赏（１）Which one do you prefer, to solve problems on your own experience and knowledge, or to ask others for advice? As knowledge and experience serve as twim towers in problem-solving, one is often presented with two major paths that pave the way for final fulfillment, eitther to wrack his brain, just like what happened to Neuton, siiting for many years under an apple tree and eventually figuring out ond of the greatest universal rules that govern the whole globe, or to seek for others’ widsom through their advice, just as in the case of Benjinin Franklin, gathering great minds under one roof and then establishing a most world-renown libray. Both ways work. When a practical goal is involved, however, Benjimin Franklin may best be regareded as a role model in this respect and asking people for advice often turn out to be the prime alternative. Experience and knowledge borrowed or learned from others’ advice contribute greatly to effectiveness and effeciency for a goal-accomplishment. Not all experience and
2014.11.9托福独立写作范文+解析 2014-11-10谢侃Kevin英语课堂 文/谢侃（公众号：kevinenglishclass） 【题】Which factor influences you the most when it comes to a major purchase: 1) recommendations from your friends or colleagues;2) information from media; 3) salesman in the market 题型分类：对比题 论证角度：原因挖掘 观点选择：让步 开头：朋友同事的推荐影响最大。（话题引入+他人观点+明确立场+过渡）When people plan to buy something that costs a great deal of money, they will think twice before making the final decision. Factors that will affect the decision might be recommendations from friends and colleagues, information on media
and words of salesman in the market. Among all those factors, I believe that what friends and colleagues say play the most important role in helping us with the decision-making. I am going to elaborate my point of view in the following paragraphs. (75 words) 中间段1：同事朋友比较靠谱。（主题句+说理论证+细节例子） My first reason is that friends or colleagues’ words are reliable. When offering recommendations for us to make a purchase, friends and colleagues are highly unlikely to lie to us about the quality of the goods while TV commercials and salesmen will try to convince customers to make the deal by any possible means out of commercial purposes. Imagine that I want to buy a car, a salesperson probably recommend me an expensive car that is beyond my purchasing power. Conversely, if I have a friend who is a car-lover, he will guide me to buy a car with a high quality-price ratio. (103 words) 中间段2：朋友的建议能给我们完整的信息。（主题句+说理论证+细节例子）In addition, friends or colleagues’ recommendations provide us with complete information about the product, which is beneficial for making a wise decision. When friends or colleagues can recommend us something, they must have bought or tried this product so that they have a deeper understanding of the features of the product including its quality, price and value. In this sense, their advice is very helpful for our decision. For example, I am very satisfied with the computer that I have bought recently. Expect for its reasonable price, the performance far exceeds my expectation. It is attributed to the recommendation from my friend--Jack, who has already bought one before. (109 words) 让步段：当然，朋友和同事的推荐也不一定全部正确，因为其中或许有他们的个人偏好，并不适合我们，但是比起销售人员或电视广告的商业性而言，朋友同事的推荐还是值得参考的，但是最后还得自己做决定，也不能盲从。（承认漏洞+堵漏） Admittedly, I am not saying that recommendations from friends and colleagues are absolutely correct. They may involve their personal preferences when buying the goods, and therefore what they recommend to us may not be totally appropriate for our own situations. However, as long as we can fully realize our
托福综合写作7范文托福作文的综合写作应该写托福作文写作应该分为三个层次，也就是我们确定中心思想后应该找三个理由来支持。托福写作还有一个五段论，第一段为中心思想，二三四为支持段落，第五段总结观点。这个就是所谓的八股文。但是形式不能太明显，在表达中多加入自己的思想，八股文的形式会隐晦一些。一般这种写作可以助你在托福作文中取得高分。 构建综合写作整体，你可以从以下这几个方面入手：第一，将听力及阅读中的核心观点提炼出来，并指明对应的两个观点是支持还是对立；第二，分为几个段落，分别从不同角度总结出两个观点的论据。最后，重申主要论证观点并注意切忌掺加个人观点。听力结束后，考生还会有时间回看阅读文章，所以不用完整记忆阅读文章的论点和论据，记下核心即可。 有问题，可以再问我。 我觉得 ___老师讲的不太对，我自己本身也在 ___培训过，感觉他们讲的方法都是很过时的方法，不太适用于新托福的考试。下面是我自己考了四次托福的感想： 2、其实考试的时候，观点找错的情况似乎不太会发生。。。因为阅读里面都有提示了啊。。。一般不会弄错的，所以不用担心，
重点是细节不要搞错，要挺清楚细节说了那几点，尽量不要落下那个点，细节齐全 3、写得时候模板适当用用，但是表全部都用，那样文章就有点僵硬了，你自己读着通顺就好啊。 4、文章内部用词要有多样性，要适当地用一些高级的词汇，如重要的这个意思，你不要只用important, 这样显得你不认识多少单词，可以用significant, vital, essential, of great importance, core, 这种意思相近的单词或者是意群来表达，这样他们就认为你词汇量大了。 5、写综合写作最能体现你的词汇量和句型的多边性，所以不要直接照抄听力或者是阅读的内容，这样就表现不出你自己了，多看看新概念4里面的表达方法，哪些句型神马的都很好，对考试很有用！！！ 6、模板没有对错之分，你自己需要好一个模板，然后自己用自己弄出来的，这样比较好，不过这种东西都差不多，重点还是看个人的表达神马的，还有词汇量什么的。
托福写作辅导：托福考试满分作文欣赏（１） Which one do you prefer, to solve problems on your own experience and knowledge, or to ask others for advice? As knowledge and experience serve as twim towers in problem-solving, one is often presented with two major paths that pave the way for final fulfillment, eitther to wrack his brain, just like what happened to Neuton, siiting for many years under an apple tree and eventually figuring out ond of the greatest universal rules that govern the whole globe, or to seek for others ’ widsom through their advice, just as in the case of Benjinin Franklin, gathering great minds under one roof and then establishing a most world-renown libray. Both ways work. When a practical goal is involved, however, Benjimin Franklin may best be regareded as a role model in this respect and asking people for advice often turn out to be the prime alternative. Experience and knowledge borrowed or learned from others’ advice contribute greatly to effectiveness and effeciency for a goal-accomplishment. Not all experience and knowledge related to problem-solving can be obtained by personal effort alone due to limitations of mind and capabilities of each individual. A single thought in someone’s mind is, more often than not, far less shining compared with group ’s wisdom. That explains the famous old saying that one sees further when standing upon the shoulders’ of past great giants; that explains why a great leader is always with greater minds; that also explains why teamwork in corperation is highly emphasized in the 21st century. Brainstorm and exchange of ideas between different thoughts never fail to enhance capabilities of each individula involved, a team, a company, an institution, a country, or even the entire global village. Asking others’ advice instead of getting everything done on one’s own promotes democracy and communication too. In terms of democracy, it is necessary to give others rights and chances to speak since the problem may concern them in different ways, and their saying in turn reflects our respect toward freedom of speech as well as their wisdom. In terms of communication, idea exchange sometimes focuses more than solutions, and hereby better mutual understanding about perspectives, principles, praticalities and personalities of each other. Admittely turning to others for help and suggestion by no means refers to absolute and irresponsible dependence. Consideration upon different thoughts and ideas broadens our mind, enlarges our vision, furthers understanding, enhances more effective and efficient brainstorm, and stresses mutual respect in groups and communities, which undoubtedly gives rise to better, if not the best solutions. As is paraphrasedfrom John F Kenedy, brainstormed, there is little we cannot do while divided, there is little we can do. 托福写作辅导：托福考试满分作文欣赏(2) Case of Benjinin Franklin, gathering great minds under one roof and then establishing a most world-renown libray. Both ways work. When a practical goal is involved, however, Benjimin Franklin may best be regareded as a role model in this respect and asking people for advice often turn out to be the prime alternative. Experience and knowledge borrowed or learned from others' advice contribute greatly
托福独立写作高分范文4 ● 绝对词型 185题库 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents are the best https://www.doczj.com/doc/7e12913474.html,e specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Obviously, in most cases the earliest teachers people have are their parents, and parents are generally most concerned about the development of their children. However, it is not completely true to say that parents are the best teachers. Parents may, nevertheless, help their children much more than do good teachers. Most parts of children education are virtually beyond teachers' reaches. It is parents that supplement. Psychology studies have shown us that parents' love sometimes has astonishingly magic power to their children. Forest Gump's mother is a good example. On the other hand, parents might do their children harm more than do bad teachers as well. The natures of those children whose parents have misbehaviors are often severely distorted. In reality, not all parents are good teachers. As normal individuals, some parents more or less have some bad habits. Even though parents almost instinctively devote themselves to cultivating their offspring, the outcome might turn out to be disappointment, for all children tend to unconsciously or subconsciously copy everything including bad ones from their parents. Another deficiency of parents as teachers is the fact that most parents are lack of common senses of education. All too often we observe some parents tend to pursue their cherished but failed dream by forcing their children to develop in a prearranged direction. Ironically, when their children do not follow the instructions, the children will be regarded as disobedient or allegedly rebellious. In fact, it is parents rather than their children that virtually disobey common senses. Moreover, some parents are qualified as good teachers, but not all of them are the best ones. When children are in the preliminary school, it is not surprising that parents are perhaps capable of teaching their children almost every subject even better than professional teachers in the school. But the situation will not last long. We live in a world where knowledge is accumulated by multiplying and at the same time becomes more and more specialized. Therefore, to be a professional in a certain field today takes much longer time than has ever been before. No parent is able to be professional in all fields, though they might be experts in one or more fields. Wise parents often release rather than charge their children as early as possible. They are aware of the possibility outside the family. In a word, it is rather superficial to simply say that parents are the best teachers.(403)
托福综合作文写作万能模板 一，对立类（就一个事物判断是与否agree or disagree） 1,开头（给出A B C三个方案） A方案.(GM) With the development/introduction…, xxx, the xxx, are more and more +adj/ become adj increasingly. Xxx often face the dilemma of whether to vt …… with all aspects carefully considered, I believe that……/ I think to vt what would be a better choice. B方案． 在日常生活中，有很多值得我们去推敲判断的问题。就像我们看到上文作者提出的问题时，你会如何认为？（有的人认为……；也有的人认为……；）就我的来说，如下的考虑方向使得我认为……。 In daily life /during our life, so many problems are worth considering carefully. As what has been come up with, when you face/when it comes to /there is a public debate today that/recently the problem has been brought into focus that… ……what is your choice and what is your opinion? Some hold the view that/some think………..while the others believe that………. However, with all aspects carefully considered, I believe that…………… 零碎的句子：A is a common way of ….., but is it a wise one？Some people hold the different view…… C方案. (excellent) 如果发现能够用到反问排比就这样套句,前提是你的例子充足多，头脑风暴用的又好又快。
写作真题(2017/4/23) Some young people are free in the evenings or have days off at school, which way can bring them the most benefit? 1. to accumulate work experience by a part-time job or volunteering in a community 2. learning to play a sport 3. learning to play a musical instrument 写作文 It seems that everyone in the world aspires to achieve something so as to live life to the full, especially the young who have a glorious future before themselves. Although a vast majority of people agree with this notion, opinions on how to achieve one's ambitious dreams or realistic goals are diverse. As a broadly-disseminated idea goes that the other 8 hours of free time determine one's success, an increasing number of young people are pondering a problem of how to maximize their "free" time—the 8 hours in the day when they are not studying, working or sleeping. As far as I am concerned, from the
托福综合写作万能模板：IBT综合写作模板 In this listening material, the professor made several points about ____________. First of all / Moreover / Furthermore, the professor states / claims / argues / discusses / mentions / talks / indicates / says / contends / raises the issue / demonstrates / makes the point / holds / believes / shows that __________________, while the reading passage (反对)contradicts / departs from / refutes / disagrees with / opposes to the writer’s expectation / casts doubt on / presents a (totally) different idea / jeopardizes / differs from / on the contrary / makes the explanation seem less likely / in contrast /(支持)supports / illustrates / strengthens / agrees with / bolsters / (perfectly) reinforces / presents the same view that ____________.
2012年11月2日托福考试写作范文综合写作： Passage: ocean life extinction. 原因有三：气候变冷导致海平面下降；小行星撞击地球；太阳紫外线加强由于臭氧层消失，给了个例子，一种海洋生物那时候在海洋表面绝迹了。 Lecture: 反驳 1 气候变冷很缓慢而且海平面下降晚于extinction 2 没发现那个时期的crater。 3 那种海洋生物具体在哪生活我们不知道，可能在海底生活。 独立写作： 三选一，你愿意作出下列那种改变improve your health Out of the following three things, which one would you prefer to regulate in order to improve your health? 1. The kind of food you eat 2. The amount of exercise 3. The amount of stress in your life Modern society has turned humans into curious creatures. Our ancestors were highly active thanks to their hunter-gatherer lifestyle; they ate fairly balanced diets due to the limited availability of fats and simple carbohydrates; and they relied on stress as a survival mechanism that kept them alert during intermittent periods of danger. Now, many of us spend upwards of 8 hours a day sedentary at our jobs; we eat unbalance diets of pre-prepared foods in order to save time; and we are constantly stressed due to a never-ending bombardment of stressors coming from our contemporary lifestyle. Managing all three things--diet, exercise, and stress--would be a daunting task for anyone, so if I had to pick one thing to improve my health, it would probably be exercise.
托福独立写作高分范文 1 ●让步型 2012/2/25 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Two people can become gooe friends enen if one of them has more money than the other. Generally, I disagree with the statement that two people can be friends if one is richer than the other. In many TV, plays and movies, there is often the story of a poor boy and a rich girl eventually becoming friends. However, their fairytales only ever happen in fiction. In the reality, this never happens because rich and poor people have very different goals in life and very different lifestyles. To begin with, different goals in life between the rich and the poor are a vital barrier for them to become friends. Even from the beginning of their lives, they undertake different missions. Po or people’s goal in life is mostly to lead a decent life, and to be able to buy things such as a comfortable house and a functional car. However, rich people’s goal in life is to continue their parents’ business. For example, disadvantaged people are fight ing for survival in the cutting-throat competition of this society, such as paying the mortgage and the credit card, while rich people have to think about how to expand their family business in other countries. So they are not living in the same world and do not bear the same chance to know each other, let alone become friends. Second, the different ways of living prevent the friendship from taking shape between them. On this point, poor people will definitely repel rich people because they feel less confident. For example, when they finish their jobs, what can poor people afford to do every day is to simply go back home and be with their family members. Rich people, on the other hand, have many different choices in how to spend their free time. For instance, rich people can go to gulf club to enjoy the fresh air and indulge themselves in equestrian event or racecourse. Therefore, talking about the similar lifestyle which paves the road of friendship, these two groups of people are speaking different language. Admittedly, exceptions do exist in some special aspects. Basketball players serve as good examples. In NBA, about 50 percent of players were born in slums. However, when they finally earn tons of money, they still are contacting and helping their friends who were not rich at all. Allen Iverson is a NBA player, but he always holds the parties with his friends in slums and does what he can do to help his friend to get rid of poverty. All in all, in most cases, people with huge difference in their economic conditions cannot be friends for lack of lifestyle and life goals in common, despite few exceptions. (431) Collins 原版范文 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Convenience foods will become increasingly prevalent and eventually replace traditional methods of food preparation.
In terms whether the zebra mussel will exert negative influence on North American, the passage and lecture are contradictory to each other. The author believes that zebra mussel might do harm the local species as they arrived while the lecturer holds a different opinion. First of all, the author makes a point that the history events suggest the zebra mussel's invasion is unstoppable. In the past, human transportation makes it possible for zebra mussel spread around the whole Europe and it is likely to happen again in North American. However, the lecturer demonstrates a different idea that a change made in the "ballast water" will prevent the invasion of zebra mussel from continuing. He says that if we refill the "ballast water" with ocean water, the mussel will no longer survive because the saline water might probably kill them all. Second, contrary to the belief in the passage that zebra mussel is able to conquer the new habitat due to their high reproduction rates and adaptation ability, as well as lacking predator, the lecturer says that the hypothesis made by author is not true. He mentions that there are many local bird will eat the zebra mussel as a major prey. As a result, the zebra mussel is unlikely to dominate the new habitat. Finally, regarding whether the zebra mussel will cause the decline in the fish population since they may compete for food such as plankton with fish species. The author thinks it is a possible consequence brought by zebra mussel. However, the lecturer refutes it that the mussel can't reduce the fish population because they provide enough nutrient for bottom living fish.