Unit1 Sportsmanship:It is the ability to practise a sport according to its rules, while also showing generosity to one’s opponent and good temper in defeat.
2. Traditionally, an Englishman is thought to be reserved, unemotional, courteous, shy of strangers, suspicious of change, and slow to accept new ideas.
3.It is the ability to practise a sport according to its rules, while also showing generosity to one’s oppo nent and good temper in defeat. Moreover, sportsmanship as an idea is applied to life in general.
The pioneering spirit:Except for the brought from Africa, immigrants came to America voluntarily, early in search of greater prosperity and freedom.
Rags-to-riches:It is story about a poor boy who, because he was hardworking, honest, and lucky, grew up to become rich and respected.
American dream: The belief that any individual, no matter how poor, can achieve weather and fame through diligence and virtue.
1.Traditionally, individualism, independence and collaboration, practice, tolerance, melting pot and racial discrimination are the character of Americans.
3.The American Dream is the belief that any individual, no matter how poor, can achieve wealth and fame through diligence and virtue.
Unit 2 Key concepts Five relationships Five relationships: ruler-minister, father-son, husband-wife, elder-younger brother and friend-friend.
Humanism Humanism means that man not only had the right to enjoy the beauty of their life, but also had the ability to perfect themselves and perform wonders. Individualism An individualism culture is one in which people tend to view themselves ad individuals and to emphasize the needs of individuals.
Collectivism A collectivism culture is one in which people tend to view themselves as members of groups (families, work units, tribes, nations), and usually consider the needs of the group to be more important than the needs of individuals. Comprehension questions
1.According to Confucianism, what are the five cardinal relationships in Chinese society and what should these relationships be?
That is the well-known five relationships: ruler-minister, father-son, husband-wife, elder-younger brother and friend-friend. This was explained as" There should be affection between man and wife, stratification between old and young, and good faith between friends."
2.What is the difference between collectivism and individualism?
Firstly, westerns tend to believe that people should rely on themselves as much as possible- and they usually expect other people to do the same. So they don't think they have the obligation to help family members and friends during emergency situations. In contrast, people in collectivist cultures generally feel that they have a right to help other members of their groups.
Secondly, westerns generally feel that the rights of individuals should not be subordinated to the needs of a larger group, or at least that individuals should have the right to decide for themselves whether to sacrifice their personal benefit for the sake of the group. In contrast, people in collectivist cultures are generally more willing to accept the idea that individuals should sacrifice for the benefit of the group.
Thirdly, westerners tend to believe that individuals should make decisions for themselves, and that individuals should take credit and responsibility for what they have personally done. In contrast, people in collectivist cultures tend to feel more that they are representatives of their group, and to accept more responsibility for the other members of their groups too.
A final difference lies in the way people in different cultures view the idea of "individualism". Westerners tend to view individualism as a good thing. In contrast, the Chinese term for "individualism", often has a somewhat negative connotation, and is sometimes used as a synonym for "selfishness."
Unit3 Nuclear family: include a husband, a wife and their children
Extended family: adult couples are expected to form their own household with either of their biological families.
2. Because they desire a close and intense bond with their partners，they expect so much from marriage that so many get divorced
Impermanence: the property of not existing for indefinitely long durations. Stable: resistant to change of position or condition
Connection vs. contract: relationship
4. ①Chinese are likely to react more to the other person as a whole and will avoid forming friendships with those values and behaviors are in some way deemed undesirable. ②In China a friend is accepted completely or not at all ③Chinese friends give each other much more concrete help and assistance than Western friends do.
①American have casual, friendly relationships with many people, but deeper, closer friendships with only a few. ②American friendships tend to be very compartmentalized. ③American friendships is mostly a matter of providing emotional support and spending time together.
Unit5 Nutrition and balance: a look at the nutritional information, like the number of calories preserving, grams of fat, sodium, cholesterol, fiber and sugar content will make you more knowledgeable in selecting foods to reduce your nutritional health risk.
Pragmatism:in the westerns’ eyes, food or eating is just a way to keep healthy, having little to do with artistry. Nor will they be particular about the taste of food too much.
Unit6 Creativity: the ability to create
Self-reliance: is a principal value of child rearing in middle-class American. Originality：1.How do the Chinese teach their children？
A: Chinese teach their children by holding their hands
How do Americans do？A: On their own and even to discover new problem for which creative solutions are wanted.
Can you find the theories supporting the two different teaching method？
A: Evolutionary and revolutionary
2. Can you tell any other differences between the two educational systems?
A: The contrast between the two cultures can also be seen in the fears we both harbor. Chinese teachers are fearful that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired; there is, on the other hand, no comparable hurry to promote creativity.
American educators fear that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge; on the other hand, skills can be picked up later.
Unit7 Key concepts Monochronic time Monochronic time is an approach that favors linear structure and focus on one event or interaction at a time.
Polychronic time A polychronic time system is a system where several things can be done at once, and a more fluid approach is taken to scheduling time. Unlike Americans and most northern and western European cultures, Latin American and Arabic cultures use the polychromic of time.
Linear structure In monochromic time, linear structure means people focus on one event or interaction at a time.
Schedule oriented People in polychronic time cultures treat time as a less tangible medium so that they can interact with more than one person or do more than one thing at a time.
People oriented Polychronic individuals are oriented toward people, human relationships, and the family, which is the core of their existence. Family takes precedence over everything else, close friends come next..
Comprehension questions
What is monochronic culture? What is polychronic culture?
Monochronic cultures typically emphasize doing one thing at a time during a specified time-period, working on a single task until it is finished.
Polychronic cultures are involved with many things at once, usually with varying levels of attention paid to each.
What are the different attitudes monchronic people and polychronic people hold toward time?Monochronic people see time as being divided into fixed elements (seconds, minutes, hours, etc.)
Sequential blocks that can be organized, quantified, and scheduled.
What are the strengths and weaknesses of M-time system and P-time system?
Once the time is set, it is rarely changed, and people take it seriously. M-time cultures is one who violates the rule of punctuality shall be punished seriously. Matters in a polychronic plans for the future: even important plans maybe changed right up the minute of execution.
Unit 9Key concepts High-context culture High context cultures rely on the context, either the actual physical environment of communication or an internalized social context or both, or convey a large part or even all of a message’s meaning.
Low-context culture Low context culture, in which context is not assumed to be understood, messages are explicit, direct, and completely encoded in words, and meaning is entrusted almost entirely to words.
Implicitness
The message which someone expressed is elliptical, indirect, and allusive. Explicitness The message which someone expressed is direct, and completely encoded in words, and meaning is entrusted almost entirely to words..
Verbalizing Verbalizing- that is, to put things in words, whether written or oral. Comprehensive questions
What is High-context culture? What is Low-context culture?
High context cultures rely on the context, either the actual physical environment of communication or an internalized social context or both, or convey a large part or even all of a message’s meaning.
Low context culture, in which context is not assumed to be understood, messages are explicit, direct, and completely encoded in words, and meaning is entrusted almost entirely to words.
Implicitness
What does silence mean in high-context cultures? What is the function of silence in high-context cultures?It means entirely accepted.
In the individual level, silence can be viewed as a state of being allowing you to experience the highest truth and bliss; on the interpersonal level, silence can be used to promote harmony, cooperation, and other collectivistic values; on the level of social movements, silence can be protest.
Why does silence mean differently in different cultures?
Different in the uses of silence can be best examined in high-context and low-context cultures. High-context cultures are relational, collectivist, intuitive, and contemplative. Low-context cultures are logical, linear, individualistic, and action-oriented.
Key concepts
Culture shock Culture shock happens to people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad. It is, first and foremost an emotional phenomenon; then comes cognitive disorientation and identity dissonance.
Comprehension questions
What are the five stages of the cultural adjustment process? Does everyone have the same experience?
The five stages of the cultural adjustment process:
Honeymoon period: Initially many people are fascinated and excited by everything of the new culture.
Culture shock: The individuals are immersed in news problems: housing, transportation, employment, shopping, and language.
Initial adjustment: Everyone activities such as housing and shopping are no longer major problems. The visitors may not yet be fluent in the spoken language, but they can express their basic ideas and feelings.
Mental isolations: Individuals away from their family and good friends for a long time may feel lonely.
Acceptance and integration: A routine ( eg; work, business, or school) has been established. The newcomer has become accustomed to the habits, customs, foods, and characteristics of the people in the new culture.
Individuals experience the stages of adjustment in different ways. Some people never experience a “honeymoon” period because the circumstances of their coming to a new country may have been too painful. In addition, certain stages last longer for some than for others, dep ending on such factors as the newcomer’s personality, age, language and cultural competence, support from family and friends, financial situation, job status, and motivations for being in the new country.
Unit 1A Key concepts reservation: 谦逊的coldness: 冷静的 modesty：谦虚的 humor：幽默的 sportsmanship：运动员精神 Q1、what is a reserved person like? Answer: A reserved person is one who does not talk very much to strangers, does not show much emotion, and seldom gets excited. Q2、what is the character of the Englishmen? Answer: reserved 、humor、modesty、cold、sportsmanship. Q3、what is sportsmanship? Answer: sportsmanship is the ability to practice a sport according to its rules, while also showing gene rosity to one’s opponent and good temper in defeat. Case study Q、What made the Britisher feel quite unhappy in this situation? Answer: The loud speaking made the reserved Britisher feel quite unhappy. Unit1B Key concepts the pioneering spirit创业精神trying something new探索精神 equality平等national optimism 民族乐观 freedom自由the Declaration of Independence独立宣言rags-to-richer 白手起家social mobility社会流动性American dream美国梦Comprehension questions 1. Can you summarize the character of Americans? The characters of Americans are the pioneering spirit, trying something new and being eager to equality and freedom. 2.In what sense is the pioneering spirit still an important part of the American character? Americans who don’t change residence are also on the move—traveling by air or auto to see their own country or to visit others. The need to explore a new frontier is basic to the American character. They are in search of greater prosperity and freedom. 3. What is the American Dream? What is its impact on the American character? The American Dream is that the belief that any individual, no matter how poor, can achieve wealth and fame through diligence and virtue. 4. What are the basic roots of American character? The basic roots of American character are the pioneering spirit, the liberty spirit and the equality spirit. Case study Q;Why did the American feel uncomfortable? Please give him suggestions on how to get along with English people. Because he did something that he think it is friendly, but the English
Unit 1 Communication Across Cultures Reading I Intercultural Communication：An Introduction Comprehension questions 1. Is it still often the case that “everyone?s quick to blame the alien” in the contemporary world? This is still powerful in today‘s so cial and political rhetoric. For instance, it is not uncommon in today‘s society to hear people say that most, if not all, of the social and economic problems are caused by minorities and immigrants. 2. What?s the difference between today?s intercultural contact and that of any time in the past? Today‘s intercultural encounters are far more numerous and of greater importance than in any time in history. 3. What have made intercultural contact a very common phenomenon in our life today? New technology, in the form of transportation and communication systems, has accelerated intercultural contact; innovative communication systems have encouraged and facilitated cultural interaction; globalization of the economy has brought people together; changes in immigration patterns have also contributed to intercultural encounter. 4. How do you understand the sentence “culture is everything and everywhere”? Culture supplies us with the answers to questions about what the world looks like and how we live and communicate within that world. Culture teaches us how to behave in our life from the instant of birth. It is omnipresent. 5. What are the major elements that directly influence our perception and communication? The three major socio-cultural elements that directly influence perception and communication are cultural values, worldview (religion), and social organizations (family and state). 6. What does one?s family teach him or her while he or she grows up in it? The family teaches the child what the world looks like and his or her place in that world. 7. Why is it impossible to separate our use of language from our culture? Because language is not only a form of preserving culture but also a means of sharing culture. Language is an organized, generally agreed-upon, learned symbol system that is used to represent the experiences within a cultural community. 8. What are the nonverbal behaviors that people can attach meaning to? People can attach meaning to nonverbal behaviors such as gestures, postures, facial expressions,eye contact and gaze, touch, etc. 9. How can a free, culturally diverse society exist? A free, culturally diverse society can exist only if diversity is permitted to flourish without prejudice and discrimination, both of which harm all members of the society. Reading II The Challenge of Globalization Comprehension questions 1. Why does the author say that our understanding of the world has changed? Many things, such as political changes and technological advances, have changed the world very rapidly. In the past most human beings were born, lived, and died within a limited geographical area, never encountering people of other cultural backgrounds. Such an existence, however, no longer prevails in the world. Thus, all people are faced with the challenge of understanding this changed and still fast changing world in which we live.
期末考试范围 • 1. 阅读理解2篇（20%） • 2. 选词填空：15个句子（15个备选项，课后的key concepts,概念的词为主。（15%） •eg: ———the belief that any individual, no matter how poor, can achieve wealth and fame through diligence and virtue. • 3. 简答题：课后comprehension questions和case study( 课内或者稍微改动的）。（25%） 4. 实用写作：一封信什么的（格式）（10%） 5. 写作：给出某个文化现象观点，运用所学文化差异进行评论 （comment)。（30%） 如: 说给一个关于教育的话题（文化现象），我们要用所学的中 美教育差异进行评论，议论文形式。 价值观，家庭观，社会关系朋友观，饮食观，教育观，时间观等 篇目：Unit1: A B C Unit2 A Unit3 A B Unit5A Unit6A Unit7 A Unit10 B Unit1 A Key concepts reservation: 谦逊的coldness: 冷静的 modesty：谦虚的 humor：幽默的 sportsmanship：运动员精神 Q1、what is a reserved person like? Answer: A reserved person is one who does not talk very much to strangers, does not show much emotion, and seldom gets excited. Q2、what is the character of the Englishmen? Answer: reserved 、humor、modesty、cold、sportsmanship. Q3、what is sportsmanship? Answer: sportsmanship is the ability to practice a sport according to its rules, while also showing generosity to one’s opponent and good temper in defeat. Case study Q、What made the British feel quite unhappy in this situation?
跨文化交际实用英语教程课后答案黄育才 1、We ______ boating last weekend.（）[单选题] * A. go B. went(正确答案) C. are going D. will go 2、( )He killed the enemy guard and made away _________the villagers. [单选题] * A. with the help B. with help C. with help of D. with the help of(正确答案) 3、If you had told me earlier, I _____ to meet you at the hotel. [单选题] * A. had come B. will have come C. would come D. would have come(正确答案)
4、72．—? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??—Yes, please. I want a sweater. [单选题] * A．How much B．Can I help you(正确答案) C．Excuse me D．What will you take 5、The soldiers would rather die than give in. [单选题] * A. 呈交 B. 放弃 C. 泄露 D. 投降(正确答案) 6、--Can I _______ your dictionary?--Sorry, I’m using it. [单选题] * A. borrow(正确答案) B. lend C. keep D. return 7、He made ______ for an old person on the bus. [单选题] * A. room(正确答案)
跨文化交际英语教程课后答案 【篇一：新编跨文化交际英语教程_参考答案unit 6】ture and nonverbal communication reading i an overview of nonverbal communication comprehension questions 1. can you speak each of the following sentences in different ways to mean differently? 1) she is my best friend. 2) you?ve done really good job. 3) come here, please. 4) that?s all right. speaking the same sentence with the stress on different words may mean different things. for instance, if the stress falls on “she” in the first sente nce, it means it is she, not you or somebody else, that is my best friend. but if the stress falls on “my”, it implies that she is my, not your or somebody?s best friend. 2. speakers of british english use loudness only when they are angry, speakers of indian english use it to get the floor, a chance to speak. so when an indian speaker is trying to get the floor, what would the british speaker think of the indian and what would the british behave in response? the british speaker may think that the indian gets angry with him or behaves rudely towards him, so he may complain about the indian?s rudeness or even return his rudeness as a response. 3. what differences in body language use have you noticed between your chinese teachers and foreign teachers? there are really some differences between chinese teachers and foreign teachers in their use of body language. for instance, chinese teachers in general do not use gestures as much as foreign teachers do, and their facial expressions often seem to be less varied than those of many foreign teachers. 4. do you know any gestures we often use that might be misunderstood by people from other cultures?
Unit1 Sportsmanship:It is the ability to practise a sport according to its rules, while also showing generosity to one’s opponent and good temper in defeat. 2. Traditionally, an Englishman is thought to be reserved, unemotional, courteous, shy of strangers, suspicious of change, and slow to accept new ideas. 3.It is the ability to practise a sport according to its rules, while also showing generosity to one’s oppo nent and good temper in defeat. Moreover, sportsmanship as an idea is applied to life in general. The pioneering spirit:Except for the brought from Africa, immigrants came to America voluntarily, early in search of greater prosperity and freedom. Rags-to-riches:It is story about a poor boy who, because he was hardworking, honest, and lucky, grew up to become rich and respected. American dream: The belief that any individual, no matter how poor, can achieve weather and fame through diligence and virtue. 1.Traditionally, individualism, independence and collaboration, practice, tolerance, melting pot and racial discrimination are the character of Americans. 3.The American Dream is the belief that any individual, no matter how poor, can achieve wealth and fame through diligence and virtue. Unit 2 Key concepts Five relationships Five relationships: ruler-minister, father-son, husband-wife, elder-younger brother and friend-friend. Humanism Humanism means that man not only had the right to enjoy the beauty of their life, but also had the ability to perfect themselves and perform wonders. Individualism An individualism culture is one in which people tend to view themselves ad individuals and to emphasize the needs of individuals. Collectivism A collectivism culture is one in which people tend to view themselves as members of groups (families, work units, tribes, nations), and usually consider the needs of the group to be more important than the needs of individuals. Comprehension questions 1.According to Confucianism, what are the five cardinal relationships in Chinese society and what should these relationships be? That is the well-known five relationships: ruler-minister, father-son, husband-wife, elder-younger brother and friend-friend. This was explained as" There should be affection between man and wife, stratification between old and young, and good faith between friends." 2.What is the difference between collectivism and individualism? Firstly, westerns tend to believe that people should rely on themselves as much as possible- and they usually expect other people to do the same. So they don't think they have the obligation to help family members and friends during emergency situations. In contrast, people in collectivist cultures generally feel that they have a right to help other members of their groups. Secondly, westerns generally feel that the rights of individuals should not be subordinated to the needs of a larger group, or at least that individuals should have the right to decide for themselves whether to sacrifice their personal benefit for the sake of the group. In contrast, people in collectivist cultures are generally more willing to accept the idea that individuals should sacrifice for the benefit of the group.
跨文化交际英语教程课后答案【篇一：新编跨文化交际英语教程_参考答案unit 6 】 ture and nonverbal communication reading i an overview of nonverbal communication comprehension questions 1. can you speak each of the following sentences in different ways to mean differently? 1) she is my best friend. 2) you?ve done really good job. 3) come here, please. 4) that?s all right. speaking the same sentence with the stress on different words may mean different things. for instance, if the stress falls on “she”in the first sentnece, it means it is she, not you or somebody else, that is my best friend. but if the stress falls on “my”, it implies that she is my, not your or somebody?s best friend. 2. speakers of british english use loudness only when they are angry, speakers of indian english use it to get the floor, a chance to speak. so when an indian speaker is trying to get the floor, what would the british speaker think of the indian and what would the british behave in response? the british speaker may think that the indian gets angry with him or behaves rudely towards him, so he may complain about the indian?s rudeness or even return his rudeness as a response. 3. what differences in body language use have you noticed between your chinese teachers and foreign teachers? there are really some differences between chinese teachers and foreign teachers in their use of body language. for instance, chinese teachers in general do not use gestures as much as foreign teachers do, and their facial expressions often seem to be less varied than those of many foreign teachers. 4. do you know any gestures we often use that might be misunderstood by people from other cultures?
Unit 6 Culture and Nonverbal Communication Reading I An Overview of Nonverbal Communication Comprehension questions 1. Can you speak each of the following sentences in different ways to mean differently? 1) She is my best friend. 2) You?ve done really good job. 3) Come here, please. 4) That?s all right. Speaking the samesentence with the stress on different words maymean different things. For instance, if the stress falls on “she” in the first sentence, it means it is SHE, not you or somebody else, that is my best friend. But if the stress falls on “my” , it implies that she is MY, not your or somebody 's best friend. 2. Speakers of British English use loudness only when they are angry, speakers of Indian English use it to get the floor, a chance to speak. So whenan Indian speaker is trying to get the floor, what would the British speaker think of the Indian and what would the British behave in response? The British speaker may think that the Indian gets angry with him or behaves rudely towards him, so he may complain about the Indian ‘s rudeness or even return his rudeness as a response. 3. What differences in body language use have you noticed between your Chinese teachers and foreign teachers? There are really some differences between Chinese teachers and foreign teachers in their use of body language. For instance, Chinese teachers in general do not use gestures as much as foreign teachers do, and their facial expressions often seem to be less varied than those of many foreign teachers. 4. Do you know any gestures we often use that might be misunderstood by people from other cultures? For example, the way we Chinese motion to others to come over might be misunderstood by people from some Western countries to mean bye-bye. 5. How do we Chinese people use eye contact in communication? During a conversation between two Chinese, it seemsthat the speaker and the hearer would usually look at each other (not necessarily in the eye) from time to time. How much eye-contact there is may depend on the relationship between the speaker and hearer and the situation they find themselves in. 6. How will you eye them when you are communicating with people from the United States or people from Japan?
（完整版）新编跨文化交际英语教程_参考答案Unit1 Unit 1 Communication Across Cultures Reading I Intercultural Communication：An Introduction Comprehension questions 1. Is it still often the case that “everyone’s quick to blame the alien” in the contemporary world? This is still powerful in today’s social and political rhetoric. For instance, it is not uncommon in today‘s society to hear people say that most, if not all, of the social and economic problems are caused by minorities and immigrants. 2. What’s the difference between today’s intercultural co ntact and that of any time in the past? Today‘s intercultural encounters are far more numerous and of greater importance than in any time in history. 3. What have made intercultural contact a very common phenomenon in our life today? New technology, in the form of transportation and communication systems, has accelerated intercultural contact; innovative communication systems have encouraged and facilitated cultural interaction; globalization of the economy has brought people together; changes in immigration patterns have also contributed to intercultural encounter. 4. How do you understand the sentence “culture is everything and everywhere”? Culture suppli es us with the answers to questions about what the world looks like and how we live and communicate within that world. Culture teaches us how to behave in our life from the instant of birth. It is
新编跨文化交际英语教程课后练习题含答案介绍 跨文化交际英语教程是针对外语专业学生开设的一门课程，旨在培养学生跨越语言和文化差异的能力。本文档是新编跨文化交际英语教程的课后练习题，含有答案。 练习题 Unit 1 练习题 1.What is culture? How does it affect communication? 2.Can you give some examples of cultural differences between China and your country? 3.Why is it important to be aware of cultural differences in communication? 4.What are the advantages of studying cross-cultural communication? 5.What are the challenges of cross-cultural communication? 答案 1.Culture refers to the shared values, beliefs, customs, behaviors, attitudes, and artifacts that characterize a group or society. Culture can affect communication in many ways, such as through differences in language, nonverbal cues, social norms, and power structures. 2.答案根据不同国家而异。 1
大学英语跨文化交际教程课后答案（全） Unit1 Sportsmanship:It is the ability to practise a sport according to its rules, while also showing generosity to one’s opponent and good temper in defeat. 2. Traditionally, an Englishman is thought to be reserved, unemotional, courteous, shy of strangers, suspicious of change, and slow to accept new ideas. 3.It is the ability to practise a sport according to its rules, while also showing generosity to one’s opp o nent and good temper in defeat. Moreover, sportsmanship as an idea is applied to life in general. The pioneering spirit:Except for the brought from Africa, immigrants came to America voluntarily, early in search of greater prosperity and freedom. Rags-to-riches:It is story about a poor boy who, because he was hardworking, honest, and lucky, grew up to become rich and respected. American dream: The belief that any individual, no matter how poor, can achieve weather and fame through diligence and virtue. 1.Traditionally, individualism, independence and collaboration, practice, tolerance, melting pot and racial discrimination are the character of Americans. 3.The American Dream is the belief that any individual, no matter how poor, can achieve wealth and fame through diligence and virtue. Unit 2 Key concepts Five relationships Five relationships: ruler-minister, father-son, husband-wife, elder-younger brother and friend-friend.