2023-2024-1长沙市一中高一上第一次月考
英语
时量：100分钟满分：150分
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will Andy do this weekend?
A. Enjoy some music.
B. Visit a friend.
C. Stay at home.
2. What did the man do recently?
A. He worked hard.
B. He went on vacation.
C. He visited his relative.
3. How is the man feeling?
A. He is sick.
B. He is tired.
C. He is relaxed.
4. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a car.
B. At a bus stop.
C. At a parking lot.
5. What is wrong with Sarah?
A. Her bike was broken.
B. She was badly hurt.
C. She was fairly frightened.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the man doing?
A. Hosting a program.
B. Conducting a survey.
C. Doing some shopping.
7. Who is the woman shopping with?
A. Her friend.
B. Her schoolmate.
C. Her husband.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What happened to the man?
A. He has missed his flight.
B. His flight is held up.
C. His flight has been canceled.
9. What is the weather like in Malaysia?
A. Changeable.
B. Settled.
C. Extreme.
10. What will the woman do next?
A. Board the plane.
B. Make a travel plan.
C. Check the weather report.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Ways of keeping fit.
B. Benefits of exercise.
C. Tips for losing weight.
12. What does the scientific journal say about keeping fit?
A. Regular mild physical activity works better.
B. Working out at the gym is the most rewarding.
C. Avoid eating after doing intensive exercise.
13. What does Rashmi do to stay fit?
A. He works out at the gym.
B. He runs in the park.
C. He goes cycling.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What do we know about Jack?
A. He is a sports lover.
B. He is a man of action.
C. He is a skilled organizer.
15. Which aspect of the company appeals to Jack?
A. The competitive pay.
B. The positive impact on society.
C. The pleasant work environment.
16. What position did Jack apply for after finishing university?
A. A coach.
B. An editor.
C. A journalist.
17. How does Jack describe himself?
A. Qualified.
B. Honest.
C. Experienced.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What made the speaker upset with Giles?
A. The way he communicates.
B. The way he dresses.
C. The way he works.
19. What did the speaker’s father suggest he do?
A. Try to change Giles.
B. Accept differences.
C. Pay attention to details.
20. What is the speaker’s attitude towards Giles now?
A. Positive.
B. Impatient.
C. Critical.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Artwork Competition—Create a Character!
Are you an artist? This may be the perfect competition held by Teen Ink to show your creative ability. We want you to create your own character. You need create a backstory for the character and give him or her a name. Originality is compulsory(必要的).
Rules:
●You must be a teen(aged 13-19) with a Teen Ink account to enter.
●Submissions(提交的材料) should be closely related to the subject and follow the regulations.
●The competition is open to all the individuals.
●Character must be original—The character you create must be entirely your own idea and design, as well
as the backstory and the name. Ideas that do not belong to you will not be accepted.
Guidelines and Details:
●All art types are acceptable.
●There is no limit to the number of pieces you can submit.
●Give your character a name and backstory. Leave t hese in the “Author’s Comments” section of your
submission.
How to Submit:
●Submit entries(作品) through our website. All entries submitted to Teen Ink are automatically(自动)
considered for the competition. See our submission guidelines for more information.
●I nclude the words “Character Competition” in your submission’s title.
●Hand in your entries before March 1, 2023.
Prizes:
Winners and honorable mentions will have their characters published in Teen Ink magazine. The overall winner will receive a $25 Amazon gift card.
21. What is the purpose of holding the artwork competition?
A. To increase the sales of Teen Ink.
B. To praise the young artists for their talents.
C. To attract people of all ages to the activity.
D. To exhibit the teenagers’ artistic creativity.
22. What rules should the participants follow?
A. The works should be a team effort.
B. The participants should be under 13.
C. A common account should be shared.
D. The content should be connected to the subject.
23. How will the participants submit their works?
A. By handing in entries before April 10.
B. By submitting works on Teen Ink webpage.
C. By posting entries to the magazine directly.
D. By sending in works titled “Character Competition”.
B
The Elephant Men program is the creation of Reginald Caster and Robert Harris, two friends who grew up together in a poor neighborhood in Memphis, Tennessee. They grew up, moved away, and became successful. They remained friends and shared an aim. The aim was to help boys aged 9 to 13 in their old neighborhood. They wanted to act as role models for young boys and to stop them from getting into trouble as they got older.
They called their program The Elephant Men after reading how elephant families in Africa surround and protect their young when they are in danger. Reginald and Robert’s program supports the young men in inner cities who are at risk of losing their lives to drugs. Their idea is “protecting our youth with the power and belief of the elephant”.
They look for different ways for young men to build respect for themselves and others. One way is to use sports, especially basketball, to bring them together. Another successful program is a four-week summer work program that includes more than 100 young boys. The boys pick up rubbish across the city in exchange for a $ 200 gift card with which they can buy school clothes. To be part of the program, the boys have to get a recommendation(推荐) letter from an adult at their school who is willing to write something good about them. This gives the boys a reason to do well in school.
“We know our program works,” says Reginald. “We have some kids in college now and the best day of the year for us is the weekend before school starts, when we see our boys in the stores buying their clothes and books for school.”
24. What did Reginald and Robert hope to do?
A. Become famous.
B. Leave their hometown.
C. Run their own business.
D. Set good examples for boys.
25. Why is the program called The Elephant Men?
A. It has the same spirit as the elephant families.
B. It aims to protect the elephant.
C. It is based on a true story.
D. It is the name of a book.
26. What do the boys need to do to be part of the summer work program?
A. Get a recommendation from the school.
B. Raise $ 200 for school to buy gifts.
C. Pick up rubbish.
D. Buy school clothes.
27. How does Reginald feel about The Elephant Men program?
A. Grateful.
B. Satisfied.
C. Puzzled.
D. Worried.
C
The human brain remembers negative experiences more easily than positive ones. Our brains have developed in this way because threats, like dangerous animals, have a more immediate effect on people’s survival compared to positive things like food or shelter(居所). As a result, you clearly know what makes you unhappy, but do you know what makes you happy?
Research suggests that our level of happiness is partly shaped by the choices we make. If you’ve been chasing wealth, fame, power and some material things, you may be looking for happiness in the wrong places. Psychologists suggest that the following habits can make people happier.
People who own close relationships tend to be happier than those who do not. The number of our friends is not important. What matters is the quality of our relationships. Relationships that bring happiness usually consist of the sharing of feelings, acceptance, mutual(双方的) respect and trust.
People who exercise regularly can improve both their physical and mental well-being. Some research has shown that exercise can be as effective as some medicine in treating depression.
If we are so interested in an activity, we may lose track of time, and we can be in a state of flow. The activity could be playing the piano, surfing the Internet or playing a game... People who experience flow in their work or life tend to be happier.
People are more likely to be happy if they know what their strengths are and can use them regularly. People are especially happy when they can set goals and use their strengths to achieve them.
People, who think positively by being grateful, mindful and optimistic, are more likely to be happy. Being grateful means being thankful. Being mindful means considering, focusing on, and enjoying the experiences of the present moment. Being optimistic means being hopeful about the future.
28. Why do human brains remember negative things more easily?
A. Because negative things are easy to remember.
B. Because negative things can make people live much happier.
C. Because negative things tend to affect human survival immediately.
D. Because negative things are much more important than other things.
29. According to this passage, in which of the following can people not find happiness?
A. Making friends.
B. Chasing power.
C. Doing sports.
D. Playing the violin.
30. In the last paragraph, what does the author advise us to do?
A. We should think more about our future.
B. We should focus on everything in our life.
C. We should be positive in our life and work.
D. We should only enjoy the present moment.
31. What does the passage mainly want to tell us?
A. Why people remember positive things easily.
B. Why people remember negative things easily.
C. The habits the people form in their life.
D. Some habits that make people happy.
D
The Suez Canal(苏伊士运河), which connects the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea, opened in 1869. It helps speed world trade between the East and the West. But the man-made waterway has also helped speed the rise of other things, such as non-native(非本土的) species, which have damaged the Mediterranean’s environment and caused native species to disappear.
The number of non-native species has risen since the Suez Canal was widened in 2015. The “New Suez Canal”has raised concerns in many Mediterranean countries.
Bella Galil is an Israeli biologist who has studied the Mediterranean for over 30 years. She noted that the
widening and deepening of the Suez Canal had created a “moving aquarium(水箱)”of species. These species could make coastal waters almost unusable for human beings. Galil believes the number of invasive(入侵的) species has reached 400, which is twice the number from 30 years ago.
Scientists in Mediterranean countries from Turkey, Tunisia to Lebanon share the same concern. But some Egyptians don’t consider the environmental concerns as serious. They said only 5% of the i nvaders are a problem and that invasive species can be helpful by “taking the place of species that are overfished”. They don’t think that the widening of the canal is responsible for the increase in invasive species; they say the increase was caused by rising water temperatures and wastewater from ships.
The Suez Canal Authority runs the canal. Canal officials say they are closely watching the movements of sea species. They say they are requiring ships to take action to avoid carrying species from one side of the canal to the other. And they are trying to keep salt levels high in the Bitter Lakes to stop invasive species reaching there. Galil, however, questions whether these will be enough to protect the native species. “One day we will wake up to a complete and irreversible(不可逆的) change and know that there was something we could have done about it, if only it had been done on time,” she said.
32. What does the first paragraph show?
A. Seeing is believing.
B. Man will beat nature.
C. Let nature take its course.
D. Every coin has two sides.
33. What does Galil say about the “New Suez Canal”?
A. Its environment is worsening.
B. It connects Mediterranean countries.
C. It is widened to include more species.
D. It protects endangered native species.
34. What do some Egyptians disagree on?
A. The results of overfishing.
B. The reduction of native species.
C. The cause of the increase in invasive species.
D. The meaning of the widening of the Suez Canal.
35. What is Galil’s attitude to the Suez Canal Authority’s action?
A. Uninterested.
B. Doubtful.
C. Thankful.
D. Understanding.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
For someone who enjoys gardening, gifts for their garden can be very thoughtful and appreciated by them. They can be tools to make gardening easier. Or they can be decorations(装饰品) to make a garden more attractive.
36
High quality garden tools can make excellent garden gift ideas. These may be designed with flowers or other gardening pictures on them, or they may be personalized for the gift receiver. Any user-friendly tools for gardeners can be a useful gift. 37
Decorations for the garden are some of the more popular garden gift ideas. Animals and small sculptures(雕塑) are generally a good choice. They look good with most types of garden decoration. 38 If a gardener already has a certain style of decoration in his/her garden, try to buy something that fits that style.
39 There are many ideas to be found online—using items such as old wine bottles to create lights, for example. The gift receiver will certainly appreciate the time it took to make a gift by hand.
Some garden gifts can be very useful. If you know the gift receiver likes birds, for example, you might choose to buy a bird feeder or birdbath for the garden. A stone bench is a more expensive yet very nice gift for a garden as well. 40 These gifts show that you’re really thoughtful.
A. That’s why they enjoy gardening.
B. Here are some great garden gift ideas.
C. It allows gardeners to rest when they’re tired.
D. No matter what you buy, they will be appreciated.
E. Making something for the garden in person is a nice idea.
F. A gardening bag to store these tools can also be a great idea.
G. Consider the design of the garden before buying any gifts for it.
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I spent all of my 30s saying yes. Saying yes to things I wanted to do, but a lot of the time saying yes to things I didn’t 41 . This was a 42 technique. I thought it would accelerate(加速) people’s opinion or me: the woman who could do it all.
At the time, I thought I was 43 it. I was making new friends and developing new interests. I joined the board of my children’s school and 44 my days with around 20 other activities to do.
And then several events 45 everything: pandemic restrictions(疫情限制), serious medical problems and losing my job. All these helped me see how 46 I was.
All at once, I 47 how good it felt not to be 48 every second of every day. For the first time, I could carefully choose how I spent my days. Having to say yes turned into the beauty of choosing to say no.
Looking back, the 49 to say yes and smile was my choice. I felt obliged(有义务的) to say yes, from driving people to the airport to exchanging a carpool(拼车) day, from attending charity events to seeing family every Friday night. I 50 wanted to solve everyone’s problems and offered good 51 . I was everyone’s cheerleader, but forgot how to cheer for myself along the way.
But saying no is being my own 52 . And it’s not sayin g no to caring for family and friends, or helping someone out when they’re in need. Instead. it’s a small change in mindset(思维模式), taking a 53 before agreeing. I take a breath, and check my energy and ability 54 jumping in.
Most importantly, I tell my kids there’s nothing 55 with saying no. To give of yourself is important but to save yourself is important, too.
41. A. like B. know C. get D. believe
42. A. time-consuming B. problem-solving C. people-pleasing D. eye-catching
43. A. killing B. finishing C. absorbing D. fixing
44. A. valued B. packed C. wasted D. counted
45. A. promoted B. cost C. fixed D. changed
46. A. disappointed B. embarrassed C. professional D. tired
47. A. appreciated B. realized C. wondered D. forgot
48. A. busy B. upset C. amazed D. confident
49. A. power B. pressure C. pleasure D. reason
50. A. seldom B. never C. sometimes D. always
51. A. choices B. materials C. solutions D. details
52. A. cheerleader B. boss C. director D. helper
53. A. leave B. chance C. risk D. pause
54.A. after B. while C. before D. by
55. A. interesting B. wrong C. unbelievable D. strange
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When it comes to building their dream home, people have a lot of different ideas. However, some people decide
to avoid traditional architecture, and build something 56 (complete) different, for instance, a container house. That’s exactly 57 designer Will Breaux did and now he’s a proud owner of a house built out of shipping containers. His new home 58 (locate) on MeGowen Street in Houston. The containers are piled on top of each other 59 (create) a three-story house.
Breaux wanted to build his own house since the early 2000s, however, 60 a long time he struggled to find someone who would design the kind of house he wanted, so eventually Breaux decided to do it 61 (he). Breaux got the idea of a container house many years ago. Why co ntainers? “Shipping containers are strong, fireproof, long-lasting, hurricane resistant, and have common characteristics,” Breaux explains.
However, the man, who is not a 62 (profession) builder, had little knowledge of what it would take to build his dream house. But he was determined to do everything he could.
After long hours spent 63 (learn) everything about constructing a house out of shipping containers, Breaux possesses 64 impressive 2, 500-square-foot house. Now the house is 65 (full) furnished(装修) and looks just like Breaux had imagined it.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分25分）
第一节根据课文内容填空（每空0.5分，满分10分）
66. Who knows what beautiful works of art you (create), what medical advances you will make or what (amaze) technologies you will develop!
67. equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and positive attitude.
68. As Lao-Tzu wisely said, “A journey of a thousand miles (begin) with a single step.” You need to make a continuous effort (train) your mind and develop your character.
69. I found Maths quite easy and (enjoy) because the material was (advanced) in the UK than in China.
70. Also, I enjoyed acting in the Theatre club. I still have photos of myself (act) in William Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream. (join) clubs was a great way to meet British students and make friends with them.
71. (heat) arguments and cold silences are common between teenagers their parents.
72. You enter a strange middle ground—no longer a small child but not quite adult. You have both
a new desire for independence and a continued need for your (parent) love and support.
73. (fortunate), your parents do not always agree. and that makes you feel (happy).
74. Just remember that it is completely normal to struggle with the stress parent-child tensions create, and you and your parents can work together to improve your relationship.
75. (eager) we gathered around the table. I took down a box and (lay) it carefully in front of Mama. This was the “Little Bank”.
第二节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你校英语社团正在招募新社员，请你写一封申请信加入该社团，信中应包含如下内容：
1.自我介绍；
2.你申请加人社团的原因。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答；
3.文中请勿出现真实人名、地名。
Dear president of English Club,
Yours,
Li Hua
2023-2024-1长沙市一中高一上第一次月考
（参考答案）
第一部分听力
01—05 ACBAC 06—10 BCBBA
11—15 AACBB 16—20 CACBA
第二部分阅读
第一节短文理解
21—23 DDB 24—27 DAAB
28—31 CBCD 32—35 DACB
第二节七选五
36—40 BFGEC
第三部分语言运用
第一节完形填空
41—45 ACABD 46—50 DBABD
51—55 CADCB
第二节语法填空
56. completely 57. what
58. is located 59. to create
60. for 61. himself
62. professional 63. learning
64. an 65. fully
第四部分写作
第一节课文填空
66. will create；amazing 67. Of；a
68. begins；to train 69. enjoyable；less advanced
70. acting；Joining 71. Heated；and
72. an；parents’73. Unfortunately; unhappy
74. that/which; that 75. Eagerly; laid
第二节
Dear president of English Club,
This is Li Hua, a freshman in the school. I notice the club is calling out for new members and I am honored to apply for one position. The reasons are as below.
First of all, language learning takes a significant part in my future planning. I’d value every chance to communicate in English. Meanwhile, to make friends who share same interests will be a good way to establish long relationships. Last but not least, I have confidence in myself that I'd make contributions to the community.
Thank you for your kind consideration.
Yours,
Li Hua
2023—2024学年高一上学期月考语文试卷含参考答案 一、现代文阅读（总29分） （一）现代文阅读（13分） 阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。 材料一 国家的希望在青年，民族的未来在青年。作为整个社会力量中最积极、最有生气的力量，新时代中国青年要牢记党的教诲，立志民族复兴，勇做走在时代前列的奋进者、开拓者、奉献者，在实现中国梦的生动实践中放飞青春梦想，在矢志奋斗中谱写新时代的青春之歌，创造出让世界刮目相看的新奇迹。 国家深刻指出：“青年工作，抓住的是当下，传承的是根脉，面向的是未来，攸关党和国家前途命运。”共青团是党的青年工作的重要力量，肩负引领凝聚青年、组织动员青年、联系服务青年的职责，必须坚持“党旗所指就是团旗所向”，坚持把培养社会主义建设者和接班人作为根本任务，把巩固和扩大党执政的青年群众基础作为政治责任，把围绕中心、服务大局作为工作主线，不断创新工作思路，增强对青年的凝聚力、组织力、号召力。 新时代是追梦者的时代，也是广大青年成就梦想的时代。与新时代同向同行、共同前进，当代中国青年生逢盛世，肩负重任；身处中华民族发展的最好时期，把理想追求融入党和国家事业，方能不负韶华、不负时代、不负人民。广大青年要树立对马克思主义的信仰、对中国特色社会主义的信念、对中华民族伟大复兴中国梦的信心，不断增强做中国人的志气、骨气、底气，树立为祖国为人民永久奋斗、赤诚奉献的坚定理想；要自觉树立和践行社会主义核心价值观，矢志追求更有高度、更有境界、更有品位的人生；要敢为人先、敢于突破，以聪明才智贡献国家，以开拓进取服务社会；要擦亮奋斗这个青春最亮丽的底色，在青春的赛道上奋力奔跑，在真刀真枪的实干中成就一番事业，让青春在为祖国、为民族、为人民、为人类的不懈奋斗中绽放绚丽之花。 材料二 青春因磨砺而精彩，人生因奋斗而升华。青年是国家的希望、民族的未来。一百年来，从石库门到天安门，从兴业路到复兴路，为人民谋幸福，为民族谋复兴这一初心和使命，一代代中国青年前赴后继、英勇奋斗，以血肉之躯、忘我情怀谱写了一曲曲感天动地、荡气回肠的英雄壮歌，用青春浇灌热血，用行动诠释
湖南长沙市第一中学2023-2024学年化学高一第一学期期末教学质量检测试题注意事项： 1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。 2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。 一、选择题（每题只有一个选项符合题意） 1、下列说法正确的是( ) A．Na2CO3和NaHCO3可做食用碱或工业用碱 B．海水晒盐的原理是升高温度从而降低食盐在水中的溶解度 C．二氧化硅是制造太阳能电池和计算机芯片的主要材料 D．在清洗卫生间时，从安全角度可将“洁厕灵”(主要成分是稀盐酸)与84消毒液混和使用 2、氯元素的原子结构示意图为，下列说法不正确的是() A．氯原子的核电荷数为17 B．氯原子最外层上有7个电子 C．氯的相对原子质量为17 D．氯元素是典型的非金属元素 3、古代有火烧孔雀石炼铜(加入炭)和湿法炼铜(在溶液中加铁)，下列有关说法不正确的是( ) A．火烧孔雀石炼铜发生的反应有Cu2(OH)2CO32CuO＋CO2↑＋H2O B．火烧孔雀石炼铜发生的反应有2CuO＋C CO2↑＋2Cu C．湿法炼铜发生的主要反应为Fe＋Cu2＋===Cu＋Fe2＋ D．两种炼铜的方法涉及的主要反应都是氧化还原反应 4、下列实验能达到目的的是 A B C D 实验室制备Fe(OH)2实验室制氨气制过氧化钠验证浓H2SO4的脱水性、强氧化性 A．A B．B C．C D．D 5、实验室用FeCl2和烧碱制备Fe（OH）2，为了生成的产物不容易被氧化，下列说法不正确的是
2022-2023学年湖南省高一（上）第一次月考数学试卷（含答案） 一、单选题（本大题共8小题，共40.0分。在每小题列出的选项中，选出符合题目的一项） 1. 已知集合A={0,1,2}，B={1,2,3}，则A∪B=( ) A. ⌀ B. {1,2} C. {0,1,2} D. {0,1,2,3} 2. 设集合A={x|3x−1
2023-2024-1长沙市一中高一上第一次月考 英语 时量：100分钟满分：150分 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will Andy do this weekend? A. Enjoy some music. B. Visit a friend. C. Stay at home. 2. What did the man do recently? A. He worked hard. B. He went on vacation. C. He visited his relative. 3. How is the man feeling? A. He is sick. B. He is tired. C. He is relaxed. 4. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a car. B. At a bus stop. C. At a parking lot. 5. What is wrong with Sarah? A. Her bike was broken. B. She was badly hurt. C. She was fairly frightened. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man doing? A. Hosting a program. B. Conducting a survey. C. Doing some shopping. 7. Who is the woman shopping with? A. Her friend. B. Her schoolmate. C. Her husband. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What happened to the man? A. He has missed his flight. B. His flight is held up. C. His flight has been canceled. 9. What is the weather like in Malaysia? A. Changeable. B. Settled. C. Extreme. 10. What will the woman do next? A. Board the plane. B. Make a travel plan. C. Check the weather report. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What are the speakers talking about? A. Ways of keeping fit. B. Benefits of exercise. C. Tips for losing weight. 12. What does the scientific journal say about keeping fit? A. Regular mild physical activity works better. B. Working out at the gym is the most rewarding.
湖南师大附中2023-2024学年度高一第一学期第一次大练习 语文 时量：150分钟满分：150分 得分： 一、现代文阅读（35分） （一）现代文阅读I（本题共5小题，17分） 阅读下面的文字，完成1～5题。 材料一意境是我国古典文论独创的一个概念。它是华夏抒情文学审美理想的集中体现。文学意境论早在刘勰《文心雕龙》和钟嵘的《诗品》中已见端倪，盛唐之后开始全面形成。王昌龄的《诗格》甚至直接使用了“意境”这个概念，文中说： 诗有三境。一曰物境：欲为山水诗，则张泉石云峰之境，极丽绝秀者，神之于心，处身于境，视境于心，莹然掌中，然后用思，了然境象，故得形似。二曰情境：娱乐愁怨，皆张于意而处于身，然后驰思，深得其情。三曰意境：亦张之于意而思之于心，则得其真矣。 这段话从诗歌创作的角度，分析了意境创造的三个层次。认为要写好“物境”，必须心身入境，对泉石云峰那种“极丽绝秀”的神韵有了透彻了解之后，才能逼真地表现出来；描写“情境”需要作者设身处地地体验人生的娱乐愁怨，有了这种情感体验，才能驰骋想象，把握情感，深刻地把它表现出来；对于“意境”，作家必须发自肺腑，得自心源，有真诚的人格、真切的发现，这样的“意境”才能真切感人。 他还探讨了意与景的关系，提出“诗不可一向把理，皆须入景，语始
清味。诗一向言意，则不清及无味；一向言景，亦无味；事须景与意相兼始好。”这些都是前无古人的深刻见解。王昌龄之后，诗僧皎然又把意境的研究推进了一步，提出了诸如“缘境不尽曰情”“文外之旨”“取境”等重要命题，全面发展了意境论。中唐以后，刘禹锡提出了“境生于象外”的观点。晚唐司空图对此加以生发，提出了“象外之象，景外之景”和“韵外之致”“味外之旨”等观点，进一步扩大了意境研究的领域。至此，意境论的基本内容和理论构架已经确立。总的来说，它有两大因素、一个空间，即情与景两大因素和审美想象的空间。这就是所谓“境”。 此后，意境论逐渐成了我国诗学、画论、书论的重要范畴，历代都有学者文人对它作补充、发挥，清末王国维是意境论的集大成者。可是，由于意境概念历经千余年的沿革变化，更由于南宋以后意境与境界概念的混用，其内容更为丰富复杂。有人统计它几乎有四大类十种以上的涵义和界说。主要有“情景交融”说，“典型形象”说，“想象联想”说和“情感气氛”说。意境几乎成了一个无所不包的综合性概念。理论发展的教训告诉我们，当一个概念被引申得无所不包时，也就失去了理论意义。所以，我们主张以意境创立时的基本意义为准，来界定意境概念的内涵，让意境作为一个表意单纯的概念进入现代文艺学，而把此外的诸多含意，让给更为宽泛的概念“境界”去承担，从而区分“意境”与“境界”的不同。这样，我们才能对意境作出适当的界说：意境是指抒情性作品中呈现的那种情景交融、虚实相生的形象系统及其所诱发和开拓的审美想象空间。
湖南省长沙市第一中学2023-2024学年高一上学期第一次阶段性检测 （月考）物理试卷 学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、单选题 1、杭州亚运会龙舟比赛项目共设有6个小项，将产生6枚金牌。下列说法正确的是( ) A.研究比赛过程中运动员的动作技巧可以将其看成质点 B.可以用龙舟最前端的点来代替龙舟研究比赛成绩 C.龙舟齐头并进时，可以认为龙舟相对于地面是静止的 D.比赛过程中冠军龙舟撞线时的瞬时速度一定最大 →→→→飘荡，时高时低2、图中小孩在荡秋千（忽略空气阻力），由A B C B A 的感觉如同在飞。下列说法正确的是( ) A.绳长OA是矢量 →→的过程中，小孩的位移为曲线ABC B.在A B C →→→→的过程中，小孩的位移为零，但其路程不为零 C.在A B C B A D.在飘荡的过程中，小孩通过的路程越来越大，位移也越来越大 3、一辆越野车行驶在平直的公路上，越野车从静止开始加速到最大速度，在短时间内就完成了这一加速过程，车内司机说“这车真快”；越野车行驶在公路上时，两边的建 筑物一闪而过，车内司机又说“这车真快”，下列说法正确的是( ) A.第一次“快”是指车的速度大 B.第一次“快”是指车的位移大 C.第二次“快”是指车的速度大 D.第二次“快”是指车的加速度大 4、下列运动不可能发生的是( )
A.物体运动的加速度等于0，而速度却不等于0 B.两物体相比，一个物体的速度变化量比较大，而加速度却比较小 C.物体的加速度和速度方向相同，而速度在减小 D.物体做直线运动，后一阶段的加速度比前一阶段小，但速度却比前一阶段大 5、如图为A 、B 两个物体做直线运动的位移—时间图象，则下列说法正确的是( ) A.1t 时刻B 的速度和A 的速度相同 B.2t 时刻A 、B 速度方向相反 C.10~t 时间内A 的位移大 D.12~t t 这段时间内A 、B 的路程相同 6、汽车以20m/s 的速度做匀速直线运动，见前方有障碍物立即刹车，刹车后加速度大小为25m /s ，则汽车刹车后第2s 内的位移和刹车后5s 内的位移为( ) A.30m,40m B.30m,37.5m C.12.5m,40m D.12.5m,37.5m 7、在某高度1h 处自由下落一物体A ，1s 后从另一较低高度2h 处自由下落另一物体B 。若A 从开始下落起下落了45m 时赶上B ，并且再过1s 到地，则B 从下落到着地所经历的时间是( ) A.3s B.约3.3s C.3.5s D.4s 8、一物体由静止开始，在粗糙的水平面内沿直线运动，其加速度a 随时间t 变化的a t -图象如图所示。若选物体开始运动的方向为正方向，那么，下列说法中正确的是 ( ) A.在02s t =～的时间内，物体先做匀速直线运动后做匀减速运动
2023-2024学年高一上学期月考语文试题及参考答案 一、非连续性文本阅读 阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。 材料一： 历史事实是否需要判断？答案是肯定的。“史之为用，其利甚博，乃生人之急务，为国家之要道。”对历史事实做出判断，是人们运用历史知识服务于人生发展和促进社会进步的基础。 由于发论者生活在不同时代，他们对内容相同或相近的历史事实做出判断时，会自然而然地站在不同的立场、表明不同的观点。《左传·桓公六年》有“齐大非耦”的记载。齐国曾想把文姜嫁给郑国太子忽，而太子忽引《诗·大雅》中的警句“自求多福”，强调与其依靠大国的辅助，不如求诸己，故以“人各有耦，齐大，非吾耦也”为由辞谢。对此，《左传》作者给予的评论是“善为自谋”，表达了对郑太子独洁其身而谋不及国的批评之意，为后人取鉴于史提供启示。随着历史形势的发展、变化，“齐大非耦”在南朝大史学家沈约那里成为严格区分士庶阶层的思想武器，他曾以此激烈抨击士族王源将女儿嫁入寒门之举。后来，“齐大非耦”又发展成为中国古人婚姻观念的重要原则，“郑忽辞婚”则演变成歌颂大丈夫志在自立的历史素材。可见，对于历史事实的见解、评论和运用，是随着评论者所处时代的变化而变化的。 史学是人们认识历史的主要途径，史家则是史学的主体。总体上看，事实判断与价值判断是史家议论的两个基本维度。 事实判断是史学家针对史实本身所进行的总结和评价，并用以指导时人和后人的社会实践。以有关皇朝得人、用人的评价为例，《后汉书》的作者范晔在论及汉顺帝、桓帝二朝形势时，指出由于统治者未能任用贤能，“在朝者以正议婴戮，谢事者以党锢致灾”，导致东汉在这一时期由盛转衰。据此，范晔对东汉的历史走向提出了一种假设，即倘使顺帝、桓帝能够任用贤能，则可延续盛世。史学家运用历史知识对既成事实做出假设，是史学服务于社会的一条重要路径。当然，史家议论是否能够与历史发展规律相符，这还要取决于史家本身见识的高下。价值层面的判断，则是不仅要就事论事，还要把人物史事的善恶、是非揭示出来，也就是给人物史事定性，这种判断受史家意旨的影响而表现出不同的价值取向。
长沙市第一中学2022-2023学年度高一第一学期期中考试 化学 可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1- C 12- N 14- O 16- Na 23- S 32- Cl 35.5- K 39- Fe 56- Ba 137- 一、选择题（本题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的） 1．近年来我国大力弘扬中华优秀传统文化体现了中华民族的文化自信。下列有关说法不正确的是（ ）。 A ．成活“百炼成钢”、“水滴石穿”中均涉及了氧化还原反应 B ．《本草经集注》中记载了区分硝石()3KNO 和朴消()24Na SO 的方法：“以火烧之，紫青烟起，乃真硝石也”，二者也可以利用“焰色试验”区分 C ．侯氏制碱法的工艺过程中应用了物质溶解度的差异 D ．《荷塘月色》中“薄薄的青雾浮起在荷塘里”中的“青雾”属于胶体 2．通过研究物质分类，可以发现物质的变化规律，下列有关物质的分类正确的是（ ）。 A ．碱：NaOH 、纯碱、熟石灰 B ．碱性氧化物：23Fe O 、22Na O 、CaO C ．酸性氧化物：2CO 、2SO 、3SO D ．电解质：氢氧化铁、稀盐酸、干冰 3．常温下，下列各组离子在指定溶液中能大量共存的是（ ）。 A ．酸性溶液中：Na +、4NH +、Cl -、24SO - B ．加入22Na O 的溶液中：K +、23SO -、Cl -、OH - C ．无色透明的溶液中：2Cu +、2Mg +、3NO -、Cl - D ．含4NaHSO 的溶液中：K +、23CO -、3NO -、4NH + 4．下列离子方程式正确的是（ ）。 A ．2Cl 通入水中：22Cl H O 2H Cl ClO +--+===++ B ．过量的2CO 与澄清石灰水反应：23OH CO HCO --+=== C ．钠与硫酸铜溶液反应：22Na Cu Cu 2Na +++===+
长沙市第一中学2020-2021学年度高一第一学期第一次阶段性检测 物理 第Ⅰ卷选择题（共48分） 一、选择题（共12题，每小题4分，共48分，1~9题只有一个选项符合题意，10~12题有多个选项符合题意.全部选对的得4分，选对但不全的得2分，错选或不答的得0分） 1.关于质点，下列说法中正确的是（） A.质量很小的物体一定能看成质点 B.体积很小的物体一定能看成质点 C.形状不规则的物体一定不能看成质点 D.地球虽大，且有自转和公转，但有时也可被视为质点 2.下列物理量中不．属于矢量的是（） A.位移 B.速度 C.温度 D.加速度 3.某驾驶员使用定速巡航，在高速公路上以时速110公里行驶了200公里，其中“时速110公里”、“行驶200公里”分别是指（） A.速率、路程 B.速度、路程 C.速率、位移 D.速度、位移 4.下列说法中的“快”，哪些是指加速度较大（） A.从高速公路走，很快就能到 B.刘翔的起跑是比赛选手中最快的 C.摩托车很快就追上了前面的自行车 D.协和式客机能在20000m高空飞行得很快 5.某质点做直线运动，其位移x与时间t的关系图象如图所示.则（） A.在12s时刻质点开始做反向的直线运动 B.在0~20s内质点的速度不断增加
C.在0~20s 内质点的平均速度大小为0.8m /s D.在0~20s 内质点的瞬时速度等于它在这段时间内平均速度的时刻只有一处 6.一枚火箭由地面竖直向上发射，其速度——时间图象如图所示，由图象可知（ ） A.0~a t 段火箭的加速度小于~a b t t 段火箭的加速度 B.在0~b t 段火箭是上升的，在~b c t t 段火箭是下落的 C.b t 时刻火箭离地面最远 D.c t 时刻火箭回到地面 7.2011年8月，我国军事现代化进程十迎来了又一个里程碑，中国第一艘航空母舰试验平台首次进行出海航行试验.某次航母做匀加速直线运动，航行x 的距离用时1t ，紧接着航行3x 用时2t ，据此可知航母的加速度是（ ） A. 12 2x t t + B. 12 8x t t + C. () () 12121223x t t t t t t -+ D. () 1212 23x t t t t -+ 8.如图所示，一物体做匀加速直线运动，依次经过A 、B 、C 三点，其中B 是A 、C 的中点.已知物体在AB 段的平均速度为3m /s ，在BC 段的平均速度为6m /s ，则物体经过B 点时的速度是（ ） A.4m /s B.4.5m /s C.5m /s D.5.5m /s 9.一个从静止开始做匀加速直线运动的物体，从开始运动起，连续通过三段位移的时间分别是1s 、2s 、3s ，则这三段位移的长度之比分别是（ ） A.22 1:2:3 B.33 1:2:3 C.1:2:3 D.1:3:5
2023-2024学年湖南省长沙市麓山国际实验学校高一上学期第一次月考物理试题 1.伽利略对自由落体运动的研究曾被评为十大最美物理实验之一。伽利略首先在斜面实验 中发现物体运动的位移正比于所用时间的平方，改变斜面倾角时此规律仍然成立，于是伽利略认为自由落体运动也遵循同样的规律。下列说法正确的是（） A．伽利略用了对自然现象进行总结归纳，并用实验进行验证的方法 B．伽利略最终得出结论：自由落体运动是一种最简单的变速运动，其速度变化对于位移是均匀的 C．伽利略开创了以严密的数学演算为核心的近代科学 D．伽利略在此过程中应用了抽象思维、数学推导和科学实验相结合的方法 2.从麓山梅溪湖中学去往麓山国际实验学校的驾车路线导航推荐了如图三种方案，三种方 案用时相同。李老师按照方案一驾驶小汽车出发，行驶了12km，共用了35分钟到达了终点停下，则（） A．导航推荐的三种方案其平均速度相同 B．李老师驾驶汽车全程有可能做匀变速运动 C．研究车的运动轨迹时，不可以将车视为质点 D．导航推荐的三种方案位移大小相等，方向不同 3.某些手机上安装有某种软件，能测量手机的加速度。建立如图所示的三维坐标系，手机 沿任意方向移动一下，便可显示沿x、y、z轴三个维度各自加速度大小随时间的变化图像。 现将手机竖直向上抛出，手机运动过程中未翻滚（平动），发现只有x轴方向有示数，由此可知手机运动过程中的姿态为（）
A．B． C．D． 4.某司机在路上兜风，汽车的位置x与时间t的关系如图所示，t1到t2时间段图像为直线， 则汽车行驶速度v与时间t的关系图像可能正确的是（） A．B． C．D． 5.汽车驾驶员手册规定：具有良好刹车性能的汽车，以v1=72km/h 的速度行驶时，应在s1 =50m 的距离内被刹住；以v2=54km/h 的速度行驶时，应在s2=30m 的距离内被刹住。假设两种情况下刹车后的加速度大小相同，驾驶员在这两种情况下的反应时间相同，则反应时间为（） A．0.4 s B．0.5s C．0.6 s D．0.9 s 6.一物体作匀变速直线运动，在通过第一段位移x1的过程中，其速度变化量为Δv，紧接着 通过第二段位移x2，速度变化量仍为Δv.则关于物体的运动，下列说法正确的是( ) A．第一段位移x1一定大于第二段位移x2 B．两段运动所用时间一定不相等
班级：姓名：准考证号： 2023-2024学年第一学期第一次月测试 高一化学试题 可能用到的相对原子量：N 14 O 16 Mg 24 Al 27 S 32 Cl 35.5 一、单项选择题：共26题，每题3分，共78分 1.下列反应不属于氧化还原反应的是（） A:2Na+2H O=2NaOH+H2 B:CuO+CO高温Cu+CO2 C:Fe+2FeCI3=3FeCI2 D:SO２+2NaOH= Na2SO3+H2Ｏ 2.下列说法错误的是（）Ａ．置换反应一定是氧化还原反应 Ｂ．分解反应可能是氧化还原反应 Ｃ．化合反应不可能是氧化还原反应 Ｄ．凡是氧化还原反应，不可能是复分解反应 3．已知硫酸中含有3.01×1023个氧原子，硫酸的物质的量是() A．0.500 mol B．0.250 mol C．0.125 mol D．1.00 mol 4.下列叙述正确的是() A．NaCl溶液能导电，所以NaCl溶液是电解质 B．铜能导电，所以是电解质 C．H2S水溶液能导电，所以H2S是电解质 D．SO3溶于水能导电，所以SO3是电解质 5.下列混合物可用结晶法分离的是（） A. 氯酸钾中混有少量二氧化锰 B. 水中混有少量酒精 C. 硝酸钾中混有少量氯化钠 D. 氯化钾中混有少量碳酸钙
6．分离下列混合物，按溶解、过滤、蒸发的操作顺序进行的是（） A．碳酸钙和硫酸钡 B．氯化钾和硝酸银 C．二氧化锰和氯化钾 D．铁粉和铜粉 7．下列各组混合物中，不能用分液漏斗分离的是（） A．汽油和水 B．CCl4和水 C．汽油和NaOH溶液 D．酒精和水 8．现有三组溶液：①汽油和氯化钠溶液②39％的乙醇溶液③氯化钠和单质溴的水溶液，分离以上各混合液的正确方法依次是（） A．分液、萃取、蒸馏 B．分液、蒸馏、萃取 C．萃取、蒸馏、分液 D．蒸馏、萃取、分液 9．在实验室从自来水制取蒸馏水的实验中，下列说法错误的是( ) A．开始蒸馏时，应该先加热，再开冷凝水，蒸馏完毕，应该先关冷 凝水再撤酒精灯 B．温度计的水银球放在支管口附近，但不能插入液面 C．冷凝水应该是下进上出，与蒸气的流向相反 D．烧瓶中要放入碎瓷片防止暴沸 10．在不引入新杂质的情况下，分离FeCl3、KCl、BaSO4的混合物， 应选用的一组试剂是（） A．水、硝酸银溶液、稀硝酸 B．水、氢氧化钾溶液、稀盐酸 C．水、氢氧化钠溶液、稀盐酸D．水、氢氧化钾溶液、稀硝酸 11．萃取碘水中的碘，可用的萃取剂是 ①四氯化碳②汽油③酒精( ) A．只有① B．①和② C．①和③ D．①②③
雅礼中学2023 级高一年级第一次月考 化学试题 考试时间：60 分钟满分：100 分 可能用到的相对原子质量：H:1 C:12 N:14 O:16 一、单项选择题（本题共13小题，每小题4分，共52 分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。） A．A B．B C．C D．D 2．下列事实与胶体性质无关的是 A．在豆浆里加入盐卤做豆腐 B．河流入海处易形成沙洲 C．将植物油倒入水中，用力搅拌形成油水混合物 D．用可见光束照射蛋白质溶液时，从侧面可以看到一条光亮的“通路” 3．下列说法正确的是 A．硫酸的导电能力比盐酸溶液强 B．氨气溶于水能导电，所以氨气是电解质 C．BaSO4、AgCl均不溶于水，所以BaSO4、AgCl不是电解质 三种离子 D．NaHSO4在水溶液中电离生成了Na＋、H＋、SO2 4 4．在下列物质间的转化中，需要加入还原剂才能实现的是 A．H2SO4→MgSO4B．NaI→I2C．CuO→Cu D．H2O→H2 5．歌中唱到“帘外芭蕉惹骤雨，门环惹铜绿”，“铜绿”即是铜锈[Cu2(OH)2CO3]，铜在潮湿的空气中生锈的化学方程式为2Cu+O2+CO2+H2O=Cu2(OH)2CO3。下列有关该反应的说法正确
的是 A．该反应属于化合反应，但不属于氧化还原反应 B．该反应中碳元素的化合价发生了变化 C．该反应中铜失去电子，被氧化，发生还原反应 D．该反应中氧元素化合价降低，说明反应中氧气得电子 6．下列反应的离子方程式或电离方程式正确的是 A．向NaHSO4溶液加入Ba(OH)2溶液至SO42－完全沉淀：Ba2++OH－+H++SO42－＝BaSO4↓+H2O B．醋酸滴在大理石上：2H++CaCO3=Ca2++CO2↑+H2O C．铜与硝酸银溶液反应：Cu+Ag+=Cu2++Ag +Na+ D．NaHCO3在水中的电离：NaHCO3⇌HCO 3 7．下列各组微粒在指定溶液中一定能大量共存的是 A．稀硫酸溶液：NH4+、Al3+、Cl－、K+ B．使石蕊变红的溶液：Na+、HCO3-、Cl－、Ba2+ C．FeCl2溶液：H+、NO3-、Ag+、K+ D．无色透明的溶液：H+、Na+、MnO4－、SO42- 8．下列变化一定不涉及电子转移的是 A．天然气燃烧B．用生石灰干燥氢气 C．食物变质D．KClO3分解制氧气 9．图a、b、c分别为氯化钠在不同状态下的导电实验(X、Y均表示石墨电极，X与电源正极相连，Y与电源负极相连)微观示意图。下列说法正确的是 A．氯化钠的电离方程式为：NaCl⇌Cl-+Na+ B．氯化钠在通电条件下才能电离 C．图b表示熔融状态下氯化钠的导电过程 D．氯化钠在三种状态下均能导电 10．下列说法中正确的有 ①纳米铜颗粒(粒子直径为50~100nm)是一种胶体
2023—2024学年高一语文月考检测试题含参考答案 一、非连续性文本阅读 阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。 材料一： 长期以来，在党的领导下，广大劳动群众与祖国共成长，与时代同奋进。在以爱国主义为核心的民族精神和以改革创新为核心的时代精神激励下，一代又一代人弘扬劳模精神、劳动精神，用智慧和汗水谱写不凡业绩，实现使命，完成传承，一砖一瓦砌好社会主义事业，一点一滴创造人民美好生活。 劳动是攻坚克难的法宝。站在两个百年奋斗目标的历史交汇点，无数基层干部拿出了逢山开路、遇水架桥的闯劲，用爱岗敬业、艰苦奋斗的精神创造出一个又一个脱贫致富的成果，积极建设祖国的伟大事业。 劳动是实现价值的途径。事业是干出来不是想出来的，要实现奋斗目标，必须依靠辛勤劳动、诚实劳动。从赵梦桃在车间纺纱到“两弹元勋”邓稼先成功制造中国第一颗原子弹和氢弹；从王平扎根天山，带领群众走上小康之路到屠呦呦发现青蒿素，成为首位获得诺贝尔奖的中国人，他们把个人价值的实现自觉融入国家富强的伟业中，成为民族复兴坚实依靠的力量。 劳动是通往美好的路基。在党和国家带领人民进行革命、建设、改革的各个时期，劳动群众始终发挥了战斗堡垒作用。在新民主主义时期，党通过培养和表彰一批劳动模范，为发展革命根据地发挥了引领示范作用，为革命最后的胜利奠定了扎实的基础；在社会主义建设时期，更是涌现出无数团结苦干的劳动模范，他们吃苦耐劳，锐意进取，为恢复和发展国民经济留下了浓墨重彩的一笔；进入改革新时代，广大劳动群众不仅传承了艰苦奋斗的高尚品格，更发扬了开拓创新的实干精神，在岗位上干出一流业绩，创造中国奇迹。一代又一代人用勤劳的双手，铺就了中华人民共和国的伟大复兴之路。 新时代东风浩荡，劳动者勇立潮头。劳动是一切幸福的源泉，劳模精神是开创美好生活的精神引领，在“十四五”征程开启之时，尤其需要在全社会大力弘扬劳模精神，以劳模带动爱岗敬业、甘于奉献的社会主义核心价值观，用劳动汇聚起奋进新征程、建功新时代的磅礴力量！ 材料二： 劳动创造世界，实干成就未来。在“五一”这个劳动者的节日里，我们向全
湖南省长沙市湖南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高一上 学期第一次月考化学试题 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、单选题 1．成语是中华民族灿烂文化中的瑰宝，许多成语中蕴含着丰富的化学原理。下列成语原意涉及氧化还原反应的是 A．滴水成冰B．铁杵成针 C．钻木取火D．木已成舟 【答案】C 【详解】A．滴水成冰是物质状态的改变，属于物理变化，故A不符合题意； B．铁杵成针只是物质形状的变化，没有新的物质生成，则没有涉及化学变化，故B不符合题意； C．钻木取火有燃烧的发生，氧气参与反应生成化合物，同时氧元素的化合价发生变化，属于氧化还原反应，故C符合题意； D．木已成舟只是物质形状的变化，没有新物质生成，属于物理变化，故D不符合题意；答案为C。 2．下列有关物质的分类合理的是 A．氧化物：Fe3O4、NO2、SO3B．碱：NaOH、KOH、Na2CO3 C．铵盐：NH4Cl、NH4NO3、NH3·H2O D．混合物：空气、矿泉水、金属钠 【答案】A 【分析】碱是电离出的阴离子都是氢氧根离子的化合物；盐是由金属阳离子或铵根离子和酸根离子构成的化合物；氧化物是含有两种元素一种为氧元素的化合物；混合物是由多种物质组成的； 【详解】A．Fe3O4、NO2、SO3是含有两种元素一种为氧元素的化合物，属于氧化物，A正确； B．Na2CO3是由钠离子和碳酸根离子构成的化合物，属于盐，B错误； C．NH3·H2O是电离出的阴离子都是氢氧根离子的化合物，为碱，C错误； D．金属钠是金属单质，D错误； 故选A。 3．有如下物质：①NaCl溶液；①熔融MgCl2；①CuSO4固体；①NaOH固体；①金属铜；
湖南省长沙市第一中学2024届高一化学第一学期期末学业水平测试试题 请考生注意： 1．请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用0．5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。 2．答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。 一、选择题(共包括22个小题。每小题均只有一个符合题意的选项） 1、下列离子方程式正确的是 A．金属钠和水反应：Na+2H2O =Na++2OH-+H2↑ B．氢氧化钠溶液中通入少量SO2：SO2+2OH-= SO32-+H2O C．大理石与醋酸反应：CaCO3＋2H+＝CO2↑＋H2O + Ca2+ D．硫酸铜溶液与氢氧化钡溶液：Ba2＋＋SO42-=BaSO4 ↓ 2、浓硫酸有许多重要的性质，在与含有水分的蔗糖作用过程中不能显示的性质是 A．酸性B．脱水性C．强氧化性D．吸水性 3、由相同条件下的三个反应：2A－+B2=2B－+A2；2C－+A2=2A－+C2；2B－+ D 2=2D－+B2；下列判断正确的是 A．还原性：C－＞A－＞B－＞D－B．氧化性：A2＞B2＞C2＞D2 C．2A－+ D 2=2D－+A2不能进行D．2C－+B2=2B－+C2不能进行 4、实验中的下列操作正确的是 A．用试管取出试剂瓶中的Na2CO3溶液，发现取量过多，为了不浪费，又把过量的试剂倒入试剂瓶中 B．粗盐提纯时，为了加快过滤速率，可以用玻璃棒进行搅拌 C．用蒸发方法使NaCl从溶液中析出时，应将蒸发皿中NaCl溶液全部加热蒸干 D．用浓硫酸配制一定物质的量浓度的稀硫酸时，浓硫酸溶于水后，应冷却至室温才能转移到容量瓶中 5、某硫酸镁和硫酸铝的混合溶液中，c(Mg2+ )＝2 mol·L－1，c(SO42-)＝6.5 mol·L－1，若将200 mL此混合液中的Mg2＋和Al3＋分离，至少应加入1.6 mol·L－1氢氧化钠溶液的体积是 A．0.5 L B．1.625 L C．1.8 L D．2 L 6、下列关于玻璃的叙述正确的是( ) A．制石英玻璃的主要原料是纯碱、石灰石、石英砂 B．普通玻璃的成分主要是硅酸钠、硅酸钙和二氧化硅 C．玻璃是几种成分溶化在一起形成的晶体 D．玻璃是硅酸盐，有一定的熔点 7、为除去某物质中所含的杂质，所选用的试剂及操作方法正确的是（）
湖南省长沙市第一中学2021-2022学年高一上学期第一次月 考数学试题 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、单选题 1．设集合{} 220A x x x =-=，{} 2 0B x x x =+=，则A B ⋃=（ ） A ．{}0 B ．1,0,1,2 C ．{}1,0,2- D ．{}1,2- 2．命题“x R ∀∈，20x ≥”的否定是（ ） A ．x R ∀∈，20x < B ．不存在x ∈R ，20x < C ．0x R ∃∈，2 00x ≥ D ．0x R ∃∈，2 0x < 3．已知集合{}1,4A =-，{}10B x mx =+=，且B A ⊆，则实数m 的取值集合为（ ） A ．1,14⎧⎫ -⎨⎬⎩⎭ B ．1,0,14⎧⎫-⎨⎬⎩⎭ C ．{}1,4- D ．{}1,4,0- 4．满足{}{}1,21,2,3,4,5X ⊆的集合X 有（ ） A ．4个 B ．7个 C ．8个 D ．16个 5．下列各选项中正确的是（ ） A ．当0ab >时，a b +≥ B ．当0a >，0b >时， 2≥+ab a b C ．当a R ∈，b R ∈时，2 2222a b a b ++⎛⎫ ≤ ⎪⎝⎭ D ．当a R ∈，b R ∈时，2 2a b ab +⎛⎫ ≤ ⎪⎝⎭ 6．已知集合1,4M x x k k Z ⎧⎫==+∈⎨⎬⎩⎭，集合1 ,24k N x x k Z ⎧⎫==-∈⎨⎬⎩⎭，则M N =（ ） A ．M B ．N C ．∅ D ．R 7．设全集{|010,}U x x x Z =<<∈，A ，B 是U 的两个真子集，()( ){}1,9U U A B =， {}2A B ⋂=，(){}4,6,8U A B ⋂=，则（ ）
长沙市雅礼书院中学2023-2024学年高一上学期第一次月考英语试卷学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、阅读理解 When someone asks me what my goals are for the coming year, I don’t usually know how to reply. Of course I, as most people do, want to see an improvement in my grades. This year, however, I’m hoping for something different. Through the course of my school life, I’ve gradually developed a new understanding of the word “prioritization (优先次序)”. The first thing I wish to get in Senior One is the ability to manage my time better. I’ll surely become busier with the coming semester, and proper organization is important. From school clubs to academic competitions, everything should be set up in a way that doesn’t influence my health, which leads me to my second goal. My mother has always told me put my health first, so in the future, I hope to be both physically and mentally healthy. A person can’t study without the energy to do so. In order to stay energetic, they must put their health first, no matter how busy they are, or how much work they have to complete. And finally, I hope that I won’t be discouraged by my failure and never give up on my dreams. I hope that I’ll have the courage to try new activities and clubs. I believe my final goal can apply to every student around the world. We should all respect one another’s likes and dislikes, and focus on each other’s strengths, not our weaknesses. Everyone should try to make use of all of life’s opportunities. Albert Einstein once said, “Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your balance, you must keep moving.” In my case, it’s the other way around. In order to keep moving, I must keep my balance—the balance between studies and activities, efficiency and procrastination (拖延症), academics and health, passions and dislikes. The new journey is going to be a hard one, but if I set these goals, I believe I will make it through to the end. 1、During Senior One, what does the writer want to do first? A. Focus on improving her overall grades. B. Join as many school clubs as possible. C. Learn how to manage her time well. D. Spend more time on outdoor activities. 2、What is the attitude of the writer towards failure? A. Discouraged. B. Brave. C. Uninterested. D. Positive. 3、What is the writer’s purpose of the passage?