阅读理解主旨大意题
一、题型介绍：
主旨大意题是高考阅读理解的主要题型之一，旨在考查考生对文章大意
或者文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力。此类题数量较大，在15个题中约占3-4个。
◆主旨大意题的分类
⑴从考查对象上划分，主旨大意题可分为两种：
①篇章主旨：针对全文的主题进行提问。主题句出现在首段的居多，其次是末
段或为几段主题的综合；
②段落主旨：针对某一段或几段的主题提问。主题句可能是段落的首句、末
句，也可能需要从上下文中寻找或总结。
⑵从考查内容上划分，主旨大意题可分为三种：
①主题类(内容)，考查文章或段落的主旨大意；
②目的类，考查文章或段落的写作目的；
③标题类，要求考生选出文章的最佳标题。
◆设问特点：
1. 考查全文主旨或段落大意。
2. 正确选项概况范围大小恰当，主旨判断准确。
3. 错误选项的特点常常是太大、太窄或者偏离主题，主观臆断。
4. 常以main idea, best idea, subject, mainly discuss等词提问。
◆常考问题：
1). 中心思想类
The main point / idea of the passage is…
The passage is mai nly about…
The passage mainly discusses…
The last but one paragraph is chiefly concerned with…？ Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?
2). 标题类
Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
The best title for the passage would be …
3). 目的类
The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to …The passage is meant to …．
In writing this passage, the author mainly intends to…
其他常见考查形式：
The text is mainly about ____.
The main idea／The general idea／The main purpose is ______.
What’s the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph?
What would be the best title /headline for the text?
This article mainly tells about the story of ____.
What is the topic of the text?
The subject discussed in this text is ____.
What does the second paragraph discuss?
The paragraph (passage) deals with _____.
What is mainly discussed in the text?
二、主旨大意题解题方法与步骤：
略读法是理解全文大意的快速而有效的方法，略读的关键是能抓住文章要
点的前提下，以个人最快的速度阅读，主要目的是尽快获得足够的信息以便准
确的回答问题，利用略读法去做阅读时，要特别注意首尾两段，要学会寻找文
章段落的主题句，这是高效省事地抓住段落要点的捷径，同时也是准确理解文
章大意的有效途径。在做题时要注意以下步骤：
1．先看问题，看是否有和主旨相关的题目，了解题目类别和提问方式。
2．再看文章首尾和各段开头，找出主题句或通过浏览全文，抓住关键字眼，把
握主旨。
3．以掌握主旨为前提，处理推断作者语气或意图等其他深层次问题。
三、考题探究：
A teacher asks his students to write about their dreams. One boy
writes seven pages. He wants his own farm and a large house on it.
But his teacher tells him, "You are daydreaming. Do it again."
Several days later the boy hands in the same article. "I don't want to
give up my dream even if you fail me."
Years later, he makes his dream come true. One day, the same
teacher takes some students to the boy's farm for camping. Seeing the big
farm, the teacher feels sorry: "I once told you not to daydream. Luckily, you never gave up."
1. The teacher asks his students to _____.
A. dream
B. write about dreams
C. tell stories about dreams
2. The second time, the boy hands in the same article because h e _____.
A. wants to make his teacher angry
B. doesn't know how to write
C. won't give up his dreams
3. After many years, the boy _____.
A. is still daydreaming
B. owns a big farm
C. loses his life
4. We can tell from the story that _____.
A. dreaming is not good
B. your dream may come true if you don't give up
C. daydreaming can make you rich
英语阅读理解答案解析：
从首句A teacher asks his students to write about their dreams看出老师是要求学生写下他们的梦，选( )。
从"I don't want to give up my dream even if you fail me. "看出男孩不想放弃他的梦想，选( )。
从the same teacher takes some students to the boy's farm for camping看出男孩最后实现了他的梦想，选( )。
从文中可知整篇文章的主旨大意是只要你不放弃，你的梦想就
有实现的一天。选( )。
该篇故事类英语阅读理解讲述了老师让学生们写下自己的梦
想，男孩写的农场主被老师认为是异想天开，但男孩坚持自己的梦
想，不放弃，若干年后老师带领学生去农场参观，遇到了那个曾经
的小男孩，他真的实现了自己的梦想。该篇英语阅读理解的最后一
题就是主旨大意题。
专项练习：
A
作者刚领到一个月的工资，盘算用这笔钱买点什么，后来他将这笔钱送给了
一位急于为女儿治病的老人。
It was a weekend. It was a perfect day to enjoy after
receiving a month’s pay. As soon as I woke up, I looked
through a buy and sell magazine. I wanted to buy so many
things. Perhaps this time I’d get a new add to my room or
something new I had hoped for upon seeing it on TV.
Though, I wasn’t sure what I really wanted when the door bell suddenly rang. I hurried down to open it. I thought it must be some salesman with
goods to offer. Upon pulling the door, I was surprised to see an old man
in dirty clothes. He said, “Good day, sir. If you will kindly help me...? believed it must be some folk acting up. But I continued to listen.
(肺炎). We need to bring her sir.... My young girl’s sick with pneumonia
to the hospital for treatment. We don’t have anything. Perhaps I could
mow your lawn(割草坪) for some money?”
I reasoned everything out before giving a help. I believed everyone
should work harder to find the way to change his own life. But of course
it wasn’t my case. My parents made sure I had got a
good college degree. I thought that life was just
unfair to them. But I could help reduce their
unhappiness if I could share some blessing and if
everyone else would do the same.
Without further reasoning out, and not letting my mind control my heart
further, I dashed upstairs to get my wallet and pick some bills to give this
mood anyway to buy something I didn’t need and man. I wasn’t in the
that will satisfy me for just the moment.
1. That morning on the weekend the writer was _________.
A. reading a magazine with fun
B. watching TV for some news
C. thinking of buying something
D. planning to clear up his room
2. The old man came to the writer’s home to _______.
A. sell him some goods
B. ask for some money
C. tell him some bad news
D. mow his lawn for him
act up” in Paragraph 2 mean?
3. What does the underlined phr ase “
A. Look very surprised.
B. Show great respect.
C. Try to do a good deed.
D. Act in a wrong way.
4. What did the writer think about before he helped that man?
A. He himself was a lucky dog in life.
B. The man didn’t work hard to change his life.
C. The government should care about the poor.
D. Everyone should share what they have had.
5. What can we learn about the writer from this passage?
A. He took the old man’s daughter to hospital.
B. He promised the work the old man asked for.
C. With money gone he gave up buying something.
D. As his father expected he did well in a university.
B
你最好在你的宠物猫很小的时候就开始给它洗澡，使它养成一个洗澡的习
惯。
It’s best if you can start bathing your cat young
and get them used to it, but even if you have an older
cat that has never been bathed, it can be done without
any harm to you or the cat. The following tips will help
you a lot.
Prepare everything ahead of time, and stay calm.
Long rubber(橡胶) gloves are necessary if you are bathing a cat that
hasn’t been bathed before, to keep from scratching(抓伤). Talk to your
cat, and hold them by the back neck when you are putting them into the
water. It won’t hurt them, and it only holds them still; it is the same way
their mother holds them when they are young.
Brush some dirt from your cat’s hair. Dirt won’t fall if you get them
bathing for fleas(跳
wet. Use cat specific shampoos, especially if you’re
蚤). Dog flea shampoo can be toxic to your cat, so you use it very
carefully. Run 5 inches of warm water into your bathtub. Gently place
your cat into the tub, and use a cup to wet their body with warm water.
cluding their tail, and
Lather(打肥皂) the cat’s body with the shampoo, in
make sure to lather their underside as well.
Once the body is lathered, gently wet their head
and then lather it, making sure not to get soap in the cat’s eyes. Wash your cat’s body, and then do the head. Wash
until you can’t feel shampoo in the cat’s hair any more.
Dry your cat in a towel. Don’t try to use a hair dryer on
your cat. If he has long hair, just use another towel and get him as dry as
you can.
, you had better _________.
1. In the writer’s opinion
A. bathe your cat when it is young
B. not bathe your cat because it can hurt you
C. start bathing your cat as it’s old enough
D. get your cat to be used to bathing often
2. When you put your cat into the water you should _________.
A. hold it by the body very firmly
B. catch it in the way its father does
C. hold it by the neck next to its back
D. hold it by the back and keep it still
3. What does the underlined word “toxic” in Paragraph
3 probably mean?
A. Clean and strong.
B. That is very useful.
C. Nice and important.
D. That can cause death.
4. We can learn from this passage that you ________.
A. should brush your cat’s hair after it is wet
B. should keep the eyes of your cat from soap
C. should lather the head of your cat gently first
D. can use a hair dryer on your cat to dry its hair
5. What is this passage mainly about?
A. Protection of your cat.
B. How to bathe your cat.
C. How to raise a lovely cat.
D. Cats also need cleaning.
丹麦首都哥本哈根曾是古老的皇家城堡，还是童话大师安徒生的故乡。哥
本哈根在丹麦文中的原意是“商人的港口”。现在的哥本哈根成了有名的旅游城
市，城市中洋溢着浪漫的童话气息，迷倒了所有前来游览的人们……
Copenhagen city of fairy tales
Copenhagen is the capital and
largest city of Denmark. It is located
on the eastern shore of the island of
Zealand.
It used to be one of the largest
business harbors in the world but now
it might be better known as a famous
cultural city in the world. With all the historical buildings and the cultural aspects of the area the tourist industry has improveda lot over the years.
Mermaid(美By the Copenhagen harbor, there’s a statue of the Little
人鱼). This small and imposing statue is a Copenhagen icon and a major
willing to give up her life in tourist attraction. It’s about a young mermaid
the sea and her i dentity(身份) as a merperson to gain a human soul and the love of a human prince.
Some people say Copenhagen is a
walking city, which means, if you really
wanna touch the beauty of the city, you
must take a walk around in the streets.
Walking along the streets in
Copenhagen, you couldn’t help taking a
breath of this fairy-tale city. You may
start imaging which tale the building in
front of you is related to.
你知道吗？最近的一项研究发现，像人类语言一样，鸟叫也有方言哦。
Birds sing with dialects
As soon as Illinois-born neurobiologist(生
物学家) Richard Mooney opens his mouth,
North Carolina residents know he’s not from
around there. But humans aren’t the only
creatures with dialects. The same thing goes for
the songbirds Mooney studies in his Duke University laboratory.
“If you drive around the U.S., you’ll h ear the same species of
osely, the songs sung by a songbirds,” said Mooney. “But if you listen cl
sparrow(麻雀)from New York sound different from a sparrow in Pennsylvania. It could be a dialect, or an accent.”
It turns out that these dialects come from the way baby birds learn to
sing — a process that is much like the way human babies learn to talk. Still, there’s no doubt that humans tend to sound a lot like the people they grew up with. In the same way, songbird dialects are passed on from generation to generation within a certain region.
Useful words and phrases 实用小词和短语
man
man的意思我们再熟悉不过了，其实它还有一个很常
见的用法，那就是作为感叹词表示惊讶或激动等感情。不
过要注意，这是一种口语化的用法哦。例如：
Man! I didn’t even see that bus coming!
Man, what a day! It’s perfect for a picnic.
on the go
这个短语表示“忙碌的”，可以与busy互换使用哦。例
如：
Bob is always rushing somewhere—to work, then to
school, then home again. He’s always on the go.
hot air
这个短语用来表示“某人可能在说谎或夸夸其谈”。例
如：
She said she bought a new car, but I think she’s full of hot
air.
Beauty
●John Galsworthy
Beauty means this to one and that to the other. And yet when anyone of us has seen that which to him is beautiful, he has known an emotion which is in every case the same in kind.
A ship in sail, a blooming flower, a town at night, a lovely poem, leaf
grace, the starry skies, apple trees in spring —the shadows, child’ｓ
thought of beauty — these are the drops of rain that keep the human spirit from death by draught. They are a stealing and silent refreshment that we perhaps do not think about but which goes on all the time. Beauty is the smile on the earth’s face, open to all, and needs but the eyes to see, mood to understand.
美
审美标准，因人而异。但一旦美在眼前出现，我们对美的感受却并无二
致。
扬帆的航船，绽放的鲜花，夜晚的小镇，优美的诗篇，婆娑的树影，孩童
的烂漫，满天的繁星，春天的苹果树——这些使我们心生美感的万千景象，仿
佛雨露般滋润着我们干涸枯萎的心田。它们悄然而来，在我们毫无察觉中荡涤
尘寰，绵延不断。美是大地的笑容，人人得以享受，只要我们用眼去捕捉，用
心去感受。
注：约翰·高尔斯华绥（1867—1933），英国小说家，诺贝尔文学奖得者。
小希老师给同学们总结了2018高考英语真题所有阅读理解的A篇，适合高中各个年级的学生练习及备考使用。 【全国Ⅰ卷】 A Washington, . Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, . Duration: 3 hours This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, . Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability – and the cherry blossoms – disappear! Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration: 3 hours (4 miles) Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, . Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, . Duration: 3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for . newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, . in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
在处理文章标题的选择时，要避免下列三种错误： ①概括不够(多表现为部分代整体，从而导致范围太小); ②过度概括(多表现为人为扩大范围); ③以事实或细节代替抽象具体的大意。 1.2012朝阳期末 Why play games? Because they are fun, and we can learn even more while playing. Following the rules, planning your next move, acting as a team member —these are all ―game‖ ideas that you will come across all through your life. They can help you in different ways. Think about some of the games you played as a young child, such as rope-jumping and hide-and-seek. Such games are very interesting. But perhaps more importantly, they translate part of life into exciting games that teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives, such as taking turns and cooperating (合作). Many children’s games have a practical side. Children around the world play games that prepare them for work they will do as grown-ups. For example, some Saudi Arabian children play a game called bones, which improves the hand-eye coordination (协调) needed in fishing. The most famous games of all, the Olympic Games, bring athletes from around the world together to take part in friendly competitions. People who watch the event (比赛项目) know that a gold medal is a win for the whole country, not just the athlete who got it. For countries experiencing natural disasters (灾害) or wars, an Olympic win can mean so much. Sports games are also an event that unites (团结) people. Football is the most popular sport in the world. People all over the world play it —some for fun and some for a living. Nicolette Iribarne, a Californian football player, has discovered a way to spread hope through football. He created a foundation (基金会) to provide poor children with not only soccer balls but also a bright future. Next time you play your favorite game or sport, think about why you enjoy it, what skills are needed, and whether these skills will help you in other parts of your life. 55．What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Games can help people in different ways. B. People are advised to play games for fun. C. An Olympic win means a lot to every country. D. Sports can get people all over the world together. 2.2012朝阳期末 Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost mention recycling, which is the process (过程) of treating used things, such as paper or steel so that they can be used again. Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more things than we need. We are now dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the possible greenest way, but it would be far better if we did not bring so many things home in the first place. Here is an example. In the UK, the total of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third of a household’s waste. In many supermarkets, foods are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard. Too much packaging causes serious environmental problems. The UK is running out of different kinds of ways for dealing with this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect (效果). Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The best way of avoiding this problem is to stop producing such unnecessary things in the first place. Food waste is another serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers (消费者) to buy more than they need. They seldom encourage customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example. However, a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue. But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to connect packaging with quality (质量). We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. Is it true for all the products? I n fact, more and more companies realized the importance of protecting the environment. They try to package what really should be packaged, including products in good quality. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realize how many unnecessary things are being
高考英语阅读理解真题汇编及答案解析（11） 摘要：阅读理解题的“三步法”：1．略读。目的是了解短文的主旨大意和便于迅速掌握短文的语篇结构。2．查读。同学们要先通读题干，做到胸中有数；再将短文读第一遍，锁定某些特定信息进行快速阅读，迅速选出最佳答案；先易后难，先做细节题，后做推论题。3．重读短文重点。核查。同学们做题的关键是看清题目的要求，读准的关键是分清句子的结构和确认词性词义。 When Andrea Peterson landed her first teaching job,she faced the daunting task of creating a music program with almost no money for equipment or supplies in a climate where standards-based learning was the focus and music just provided a break for students and teachers. For her drive and creativity in overcoming those challenges,she’s been named national teacher of the year. Principal Waynes Kettler said he’s worked with many outstanding teachers in his22years as an educator,but Peterson is“just that one step above anybody I’ve ever worked with before.” Kettler and others at Monte Cristo Elementary School talk about the ways she has introduced the learning from other classrooms into her music program and her creativity in working around things such as the lack of money for new music. When students were reading S.E.Hinton’s novel The Outsiders in their regular classroom, Peterson helped them write a30-minute play with scenes from the book.Then they chose three Broadway tunes that focused no race,equality and social justice,the themes of the book.Peterson composed two other songs herself after classroom discussions about the play and the book. The honor means a lot to residents of Granite Foils.It’s inspiring to know that people from small towns own even win national honors. As national teacher of the year,Peterson will spend the next year outside the classroom, as a national and international spokeswoman for education. Not surprisingly,She is a big believe in the value of arts education.She said it’s essential for schools to offer classes such as art or music and physical education because for some kids one of those subjects is the only thing that motivates them to come back to school day after day. 65.The underlined word“daunting”in Paragraph1most probably means__________. A. discouraging B.interesting C.creative D.unbearable
主旨大意题的阅读理解题 主旨大意是全文或相关段落的概括和总结，主要考查学生在理解文章的基础上对全文的高度概括。 （1）Stepping into a pool of water is common enough, but who could ever imagine stepping into a pool of fish? In February of 1974, Bill Tapp, an Australian farmer, saw a rain of fish that covered his farm. How surprised he must have been when he heard many fish hitting against his roof! What caused this strange occurrence? This is a question that had long puzzled people who study fish. The answer turned out to be a combination of wind and storm. When it is spring in the northern part of the world . it is fall in Australia .Throughout the autumn season, terrible storms arise and huge vacuum cleaners , collecting seaweed, pieces of wood, and even schools of fish . Strong winds may carry these bits nature for many miles before vacuum dropping them on fields , houses, and astonished people. What is this passage about? A、A sad story B、A rain of fish C、Australian’s northern part D、The damage done by floods (2) Variety of activity was also seen as a way of maintaining or increasing motivation. Several years ago we had one timetable that operated throughout , but we soon found that both the students and the teachers
2016-2017年高三英语培优补差学案二 Gongli/2016/11/14 阅读理解之主旨大意题 一、阅读技巧“tips” （一）题型特点考查学生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主 题,标题或目的设题。 （二）题干表现形式 1.What would be the best title of the passage? 2.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? 3.What is the passage mainly about? 4.What does the text mainly talk about? 5.What is the (main) purpose of this article? 6.The purpose of the passage is ___ . 7.What’s the topic of the article? 8.What is the main idea of the passage? 9.The passage is intended to _____. （三）应试技巧 1.主旨大意题属于归纳概括题。找准文章的主题句是关键。“ 主题句定位法”是一种行之有效的方法。在答题时，我们可以： 读首句抓大意；读尾句抓大意；读首尾段抓大意 2.无明显主题句时高频信息词 一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，有的文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。 Exercises. Text 1 People have different tastes in food. Some feel that they haven't eaten a meal unless they have had steak or other red meat. Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal. Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti, eggplant, and fresh fruit. Others could live on what were called fast--foods: a hamburger or hot dog, French fries and a soft drink. 主题句在__________________________________________________ Text 2 Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. Others prefer to be left to work on their own. Still others like a democratic
Don’t give up your whole garden just for an attractive rose. 一、主旨大意题型特点： 主旨大意题要求在理解全文后________________，____________或者是_________，考查考生的归纳总结能力。这类题需要______________，抓住文章的______和_____，同时兼顾________以及文章出现的________。此类试题通常以概括中心、揭示主题、选择标题等形式出现。 查找主旨、标题时，我们要学习识别文章中__________________的信息，这种信息应能归纳和概括文中其它信息所具有的______。做主旨大意题时，应采用_______的方式，跳过生僻词，抓住________和_______，快而准地把握文章主旨。 【例1】Choose the most general word. A. Chemist B. Physicist C. Scientist D. Biologist 【例2】Choose the most general sentence. A. The hotel offers complimentary coffee from 7 to 10 . daily. B. There are many reasons why guests feel at home at the Glorietta Bay Inn. C. The coin-operated laundry room has an ironing board. D. There are a number of extra services at the Glorietta Bay Inn including baby-sitting. 【例3】Choose the title that best expresses the idea of the paragraph. There is a simple economic principle used to determine prices. It is called the law of supply and demand. Supply means the amount of, or access to, certain goods. Demand represents the number of people who want those goods. If there are more goods than wanted, the price of them falls. On the other hand, if the demand for those goods is much greater than the supply, then price rises. Of course manufacturers prefer to sell more goods at increased prices. A. Economic Principle B. Law of Supply and Demand C. More Goods, Lower Prices D. Fewer Goods, Higher Prices 二、主旨大意题题干形式： 1. ________________________ (main idea): (1) The main idea of the passage is… (2) The passage is mainly about… (3) The passage is mainly discussed… (4) Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? (5) What is the passage mainly about? 2. _________________________ (title): (6) The best title for the passage might be… (7) Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? 三、主题句的特点： 1. 主题句与文体体裁之间的关系：议论文和说明文一般有主题句，且一般位于______； 而记叙文一般没有主题句； 2. 段落主题句一般位于_____________； 3. 主题句所表达的意思具有_______和________；句子________单, 一般不会采用长句 或结构复杂的句子；
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2016年高考英语阅读理解指导三——主旨大意题 Don’t give up your whole garden just for an attractive rose. 一、主旨大意题型特点： 主旨大意题要求在理解全文后________________，____________或者是_________，考查考生的归纳总结能力。这类题需要______________，抓住文章的______和_____，同时兼顾________以及文章出现的________。此类试题通常以概括中心、揭示主题、选择标题等形式出现。 查找主旨、标题时，我们要学习识别文章中__________________的信息，这种信息应能归纳和概括文中其它信息所具有的______。做主旨大意题时，应采用_______的方式，跳过生僻词，抓住________和_______，快而准地把握文章主旨。 【例1】Choose the most general word. A. Chemist B. Physicist C. Scientist D. Biologist 【例2】Choose the most general sentence. A. The hotel offers complimentary coffee from 7 to 10 a.m. daily. B. There are many reasons why guests feel at home at the Glorietta Bay Inn. C. The coin-operated laundry room has an ironing board. D. There are a number of extra services at the Glorietta Bay Inn including baby-sitting. 【例3】Choose the title that best expresses the idea of the paragraph. There is a simple economic principle used to determine prices. It is called the law of supply and demand. Supply means the amount of, or access to, certain goods. Demand represents the number of people who want those goods. If there are more goods than wanted, the price of them falls. On the other hand, if the demand for those goods is much greater than the supply, then price rises. Of course manufacturers prefer to sell more goods at increased prices. A. Economic Principle B. Law of Supply and Demand C. More Goods, Lower Prices D. Fewer Goods, Higher Prices 二、主旨大意题题干形式： 1. ________________________ (main idea): (1) The main idea of the passage is… (2) The passage is mainly about… (3) The passage is mainly discussed… (4) Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? (5) What is the passage mainly about? 2. _________________________ (title): (6) The best title for the passage might be… (7) Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? 三、主题句的特点： 1. 主题句与文体体裁之间的关系：议论文和说明文一般有主题句，且一般位于______； 而记叙文一般没有主题句； 2. 段落主题句一般位于_____________； 3. 主题句所表达的意思具有_______和________；句子________单, 一般不会采用长句 或结构复杂的句子； 4. 文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步________________________。
高考英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案) 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Mexico sites on an island plateau (高原) surrounded by volcanic peaks, which makes air quality a constant concern for people who live there. In April, the country took a decisive step toward improving air quality by enacting a temporary ban on private and Federal vehicles in the city. The rule forbids people from driving in the city one day each week and one Saturday each month. Electric vehicles, government service vehicles, public transport options and school buses are not included in the ban. Mexico City isn't the first urban center to be involved in car-free living. But the ban is more than an awareness-raiser. It was enacted with the direct aim of solving air pollution. In March, the city sank into a deep brown haze of smog when the pollution levels passed the 200 mark. The city ordered some 1.1m of the area's 4.7m cars off the streets and also offered free bus and subway rides. Mexico City's temporary vehicle ban raises questions about the best ways to improve urban air quality. India, whose citizens breathe some of the world's dirtiest air, has tried a variety of solutions. Earlier this year, the Indian government started a 4% sales tax on new-car purchases. Beijing also has experience with cleaning the air. The city introduced alternate-day rules in advance of the 2008 Olympic Games, which produced good results. And then there is the London congestion (拥挤) charge, introduced in 2003. The charge has had a measurable effect on air quality. For now, Mexico City — named by the United Nations as the most polluted city on the planet in 1992 — can look forward to the start of the region's rainy season, when daily showers will help lo clean the air. （1）How did Mexico ban vehicles in the city? A. By banning private and Federal vehicles one day a week. B. By forbidding private and public vehicles every Saturday. C. By limiting the number of new cars. D. By prohibiting the vehicles except public ones.（2）What did the government of Mexico do when carrying out the ban on vehicles? A. Raised the number of public vehicles. B. Offered free bus and subway rides. C. Introduced more travel options. D. Encouraged citizens to leave the city. （3）What may contribute to improving the air quality in Mexico? A. Alternate-day rules. B. Tax rises. C. Congestion charge. D. The rainy season.（4）What's the best title for the passage? A. Mexico —an Island Plateau B. A Variety of Bans on Vehicles in Mexico C. Should Cities Be Car-free Zones D. How to Improve Air Quality 【答案】（1）A （2）B （3）D （4）C