阅读理解之主旨题（解析版）
主旨大意题考查的是考生对文章内容的深层次理解，它要求考生在充分理解全文的前提下，对整篇文章的主旨大意有一个较为清晰的印象。主旨大意题分为标题类和主题类。
主旨大意题是阅读理解中考生失分最多的题目，因为该类试题不仅考查考生略读文章、领会大意的能力，也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的要求。文章中没有明显的解题依据，需要考生从文章中提炼、抽取一些关键词、主干句进行加工概括，才能归纳出文章的主旨。此类题目可分为三大类，即标题归纳题、文章大意题和段落大意题。要做好主旨大意题，我们首先必须了解其正确选项和干扰选项的特征。
正确选项特征干扰选项特征
1.涵盖性强，覆盖全文或全段。
2.确定的范围恰当，既不太大，也不太小。
3.精确性强，不会改变语言表意的程度及色彩。1.过于笼统，不知所云
所给选项内容概括的范围过大，超出文章所述内
容。
2.以偏概全，主次不分
所给选项只阐述了文章的一部分内容，或以文章
中的细节信息或个别词作为选项的设置内容，或
以次要的事实或细节充当全文的主要观点。
3.移花接木，偷换概念
所给选项被命题者有意识地把本属于A的内容放
在B上，若不留神，极易选错答案。
4.无中生有，生搬硬套
所给选项的关键词语虽然在文章中谈到了，但经
过仔细阅读分析之后，发现选项的内容与文章的
内容毫无联系。
类型一标题归纳题
一、提问方式
·The best title of the passage is ________.
·Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
·What would be the best title for the passage?
·The most appropriate title of the passage is ______.
二、解题必备知能
(一)理解标题的3大特点
一个好的标题应具备三大特点：
1．概括性——准确而又简短；
2．针对性——标题外延正好与文章内容相符；
3．醒目性——能引发读者的阅读欲望。
(二)巧用3大方法确定文章标题
1．正面肯定法：在理解文章主旨的基础上，揣摩哪个选项能准确概括主旨；
2．反面否定法：撇开原文，拿各个备选项去设想用它们写出来的“文章”将是什么内容，然后和原文章对照，一一排除不符选项；
3．研读备选项本身：研读备选项里面的中心词、修饰词的变化、结构、概括性等。
例子1
Good Morning Britain's Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role — showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.
In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under ￡5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she's been able to put a lot of what she's learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.
“We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant，” she explains. “I pay ￡5 for a portion (一份), but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we're not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”
The eight-part series (系列节目), Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV's Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.
With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonight's Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family's long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.
27．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Keeping Fit by Eating Smart
B．Balancing Our Daily Diet
C．Making Yourself a Perfect Chef
D．Cooking Well for Less
[解题示范]
第一步：读文章，概括文意
本文是一篇新闻报道。《早安英国》的节目主持人苏珊娜·瑞德新推出了一档节目——Save Money: Good Food，向观众展示如何用较少的预算做出美味营养的饭菜。
第二步：析选项，斟酌判断
提问方式
·What's the main idea/point of the passage?
·The passage is mainly about ________.
·The passage is mainly concerned about ________.
·Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?
·Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea/theme of the passage?
·In this passage the author discusses primarily ________.
·The subject discussed in this text is ________.
·The general/main idea of the passage is about ________.
二、解题必备知能
掌握寻找主题句的4个小窍门，快速确定文章大意
文章是由段落组成的。段落的主题就是段落的中心思想，具体段落的中心思想又是为文章整体中心思想服务的。理解整篇文章的中心思想的方法是建立在理解具体段落中心的基础上的。找出每小段的主题句，各段的主题句常在该段的首句或尾句，各段主题句的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。有的文章无明显主题句，主题句隐含在段意之中，这就需要进一步加工概括。观察全文的结构安排，理解文章的“重心”和支撑性细节。
用浏览法(skimming)，即快速阅读文首、文尾，或每段的首句和尾句等，搜索主题线索和主题信息的方法可以快速找到主题句。以下是找主题句的四个小窍门：1．段落中出现表示转折的词语(如however, but, in fact, actually等)时，该句很可能是主题句。
2．首段出现疑问句时，对该问句的回答很可能就是文章主旨。
3．作者有意识地重复的观点，通常是主旨；反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。
4．表示总结或结论的句子常包含therefore, thus, in short, conclude, conclusion等词，通
常是主旨。
例子2
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
31．What is the main idea of the text?
A．New languages will be created.
B．People's lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C．Human development results in fewer languages.
D．Geography determines language evolution.
[解题示范]
第一步：读文章，概括文意
文章介绍了世界上语言的种类随着人类社会的发展而逐渐减少这一现象。
第二步：析选项，斟酌判断
文中没有这种说法。
C 人类的发展导致语言越来越少。
涵盖性强，覆盖全文文章介绍了世界上语言多样性的发展变化以及现在很
多语言面临消亡的威胁这一现象。
D 地理决定语言的发展。
无中生有，生搬硬套文中没有这种说法。
[答案] C
类型三段落大意题
一、常见设问方式
·What does the author tell us in Paragraph ...?
·The main idea of the second paragraph probably is ________.
·The first paragraph is mainly about ________.
·Which of the following can best summarize Para.1?
·What is the first paragraph mainly about?
二、解题必备知能
归纳段落大意的2种方法
方法1：概括段落大意
要准确概括某段的大意，务必要知道该段的逻辑结构。
(1)如果该段是按总分顺序组织，首句做总的说明，其他句子对其进行具体论述，这种
结构的主题句就在段首；
(2)如果按分总顺序组织，主题句就在段尾；
(3)如果按分总分的顺序组织，则主题句就在这段话的中间；
(4)如果按总分总的顺序，段落结构相对难度较低，我们可以很明显的看到一段的首句
和末句的内容几乎完全一致，正确答案就呼之欲出了；
(5)如果按并列式行文，这种结构的段落一般会在一段中讨论两个平行的内容，整个段落可以从中间处分开，前后是平行关系，这样的段落结构对应的答案通常也会是很明显的并列关系；
(6)如果对比各事物，那么它们的共同点或不同点就是该段大意。
方法2：揣摩段落大意
有时，作者可能不直接写出主题句，而是通过各种方法暗示给读者，这就需要充分发挥读者的想象力与判断力，揣摩段落大意。
例子3
Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year. The vehicle — named the Transition — has two seats, four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car. The Transition, which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air. It flies using a 23-gallon tank of gas and burns 5 gallons per hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon.
…
28．What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A．The basic data of the Transition.
B．The advantages of flying cars.
C．The potential market for flying cars.
D．The designers of the Transition.
[解题示范]
第一步：读文章，概括段意
该段没有主题句，但是从以下几个方面说明了飞车the Transition的相关情况：
①制造商：Terrafugia Inc.
②首飞成功：completed its first flight
③上市时间：within the next year
④飞车名字：the Transition
⑤飞车构成：two seats, four wheels and wings
⑥飞行时速：around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air
⑦耗油：5 gallons per hour in the air; On the ground, 35 miles per gallon
由以上信息可以看出该段主要描述了飞车the Transition的一些基本数据。
第二步：析选项，斟酌判断
2020年全国卷1-D
The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research.Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source (电源)-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission (传输).
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. A new study of different plants
B. A big fall in crime rates.
C. Employees from various workplaces
D. Benefits from green plants.
35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Can we grow more glowing plants?
B. How do we live with glowing plants?
C. Could glowing plants replace lamps
D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?
2020年(全国卷11-B)
Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
27. What is the text mainly about?
A. A mathematical method
B. A scientific study.
C. A woman psychologist
D. A teaching program.
2020年(全国卷Ⅱ-D)
I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids plaved ball or went to parties. I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old .It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.
As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.
I always read ,using different voices , as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it !It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books.
Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the library lives on form generation to generation.
As a novelist, I've found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can't afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy(盗版行为) and 1 think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
35. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Reading: A Source of Knowledge
B. My Idea about writing
C. Library: A Haven for the Young
D. My Love of the Library
2020年(全国卷Ⅲ11-B)
The creative team behind "Apes" used motion-capture (动作捕捉)technology to create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that records an actor's performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image (图像). In this case, one of a realistic-looking ape.
25. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about:
A. The cost of making "Apes"
B. The creation of digitalized apes.
C. The publicity about "Apes."
D. The performance of real apes.
2020年(全国卷ⅢI-C)
With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation (孤独), more families are choosing to live together.
31. What is the text mainly about?
A. Lifestyles in different countries.
B. Conflicts between generations.
C. A housing problem in Britain.
D. A rising trend of living in the UK.
2020年(全国卷ⅢI-D)
On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation-not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats: in recent times, they've also built houses on stilts (支柱) in coastal waters. "They are simply a stranger to the land," said Rodney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.
35. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea
B. Highlanders' Survival Skils
C. Basic Methods of Genetic Research
D. The World's Best Divers
2020年(新高考全国卷1-B)
Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree.
7. What can we learn from Jennifer's story?
A. Time is money.
B. Love breaks down barriers.
C. Hard work pays off.
D. Education is the key to success.
2020年(新高考全国卷1-C)
In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken and having lost his mind. A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.
His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea. Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroved by the slow drying up of the sea. It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land, and of the people he meets on his way: Rustam his translator, a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his colorful English in California, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in Tashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers.
This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan, made of friendliness and warmth, but also its darker side of society. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders. while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a mountain funeral (葬礼) followed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea.
Mr Bissell skillfully orcanizes historical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan, seen from Western eyes. His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his delicate stomach. As the author explains, this is neither a travel nor a history book, or even a piece of reportage. Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions.
11. What is the purpose of this text?
A. To introduce a book
B. To explain a cultural phenomenon.
C. To remember a writer.
D. To recommend a travel destination.
2020年(新高考全国卷1-D)
According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份), it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.
12. What is the recent study mainly about?
A. Food safety.
C. Consumer demand.
B. Movie viewership.
D. Eating behavior.
2020年(天津卷-A)
How to Use a Modern Public Librar
Has it been a while since your last visit to a public library? If so, you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better. It's been years since they were dusty little rooms with books. They have transformed themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge, meet interesting people, or find out how to start a business.
40. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To point out the importance of public libraries
B. To encourage people to work in public libraries.
C. To introduce the improved services of public libraries.
D. To call for the modernization of public library systems.
2020年(天津卷-B)
"They tell me that you'd like to make a statue (塑像) of me-is that correct, Miss Vinnie Ream?"
The deep, gentle voice helped calm the nervous girl. Asking a favor of the President of the United States was no casual matter, especially for a seventeen-year-old girl.
"Yes, sir"” she replied, her dark eves meeting his. "I wouldn't have dared to ask you, but my teacher, Mr. Mills, says I am ready. I plan to make it in an admirable manner.”
President Lincoln smiled. "Painters, sculptors they've all tried to make the best of this ordinary face, but I'm afraid there's not much hope. What did you have in mind, Miss Ream? A bust (半身像)?"
Before Vinnie could say yes, the President hurried on, a shade of apology in his voice, "Of course -I shouldn't have asked. A full-length pose would be much too big a project for a young woman your size."
Vinnie's face turned red. She realized she looked like a child, with her tiny figure. "Small does not mean weak, sir," She defended herself, " was born in the country of Wisconsin. I've driven teams of houses and carried water. Making a full-ength clay (粘土) figure would not exhaust my strength — and that is what I intend to do!"
The President's eyes, brightened at her show of spirit. "Sorry, madam. I have underestimated you as I didn't know your background
But his smile faded as he rubbed his beard with bony fingers, in thought. "Miss Ream," he sighed. "I'd like to let vou do it. but as vou know. we are in the middle of a war. How could I possibly take the time to pose for a sculpture now? I hardly have a minute to myself"
Vinnie glanced around and noted the size of his office. "I work quickly," she said. Her voice was soft but confident as she pointed to the corner near the windows. "If I were to bring my clay here and work for three hours every afternoon, I could complete most of the project while you are at your desk."
The President seemed to consider her idea seriously. He got up and shook Vinnie's hand warmly, "I've heard that you are a talented young woman, and I have found you charming and intelligent as well. I cannot make my decision immediately, but you will hear from me soon."
The very next day, Vinnie received an invitation from the President.
45. What message does the story convey?
A. A strong-willed soul can reach his goal.
B. Experience helps to promote excellence.
C. Ups and downs make one strong.
D. Devotion requires enthusiasm.
2020年(天津卷-C)
For people who are interested in sound, the field of sound technology is definitely making noise in the past, sound engineers worked in the back rooms of recording studios, but many of today's sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to create new products based on the phenomenon we call sound.
Sound can be used as a weapon. Imagine that a police officer is chasing thief. The thief tries to escape. And the officer can't let him get away. He pulls out special device, points it at the suspect, and switches it on. The thief drops to the ground. This new weapon is called a Long Range Acoustic Device (LRAD,远程定向声波发射器). It produces a deafening sound so painful that it temporarily disables a person. The noise from the LRAD is directed like a ray of light and travels only into the ears of that person. but it is not deadly.
For those who hunger for some peace and quiet, sound can now create silence. Let's say you are at the airport, and the little boy on the seat next to you is humming (哼唱) a short commercial song. He hums it over and over again, and you are about to go crazy. Thanks to the Silence Machine. a British invention, you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents. One may wonder how the Silence Machine works. Well, it functions by analyzing the waves of the incoming sound and creating a second set of outgoing waves. The two sets of waves cancel each other out. Simply turn the machine on point it at the target, and your peace and quiet comes back.
Directed sound is a new technology that allows companies to use sound in much the same way spotlights (聚光灯) are used in the theater. A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage;
similarly, a "spotsound" creates a circle of sound in one targeted area. This can be useful for businesses such as restaurants and stores because it offers a new way to attract customers. Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu, allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining. Directed sound is also beginning to appear in shopping centers and even at homes.
50. What does the passage focus on?
A. How professionals invented sound products.
B. Inventions in the field of sound technology.
C. The growing interest in the study of sound
D. How sound engineers work in their studios.
2020年(天津卷-D)
After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance curiosity and discontent. I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. The two belong together.
55. What could be the best title for the passage?
A. Curious Minds Never Feel Contented
B. Reflections on Human Nature
C. The Keys to Achievement
D. Never Too Late to Learn
2020年(江苏卷-C)
For those who can stomach it, working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first, according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.
64. What could be learned from the research?
A. A workout after breakfast improves gene performances.
B. Too much workout often slows metabolic rates.
C. Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise.
D. Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health.
2020年(江苏卷-D)
We are repeatedly willing to imagine we have found most of what is left to discover. We used to think that insects were the smallest organisms (生物), and that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters. Yet. when something new turns up, more often than not, we do not even know its name.
70. What could be the most suitable title for the passage?
A. The Possible and the Impossible
B. The Known and the Unknown
C. The Civilized and the Uncivilized
D. The Ignorant and the Intelligent
2020年(浙江卷1月-C)
Today's world is not an easy adjustment for young adults. A key skill set for success is persistence(毅力) characteristic that researchers say is heavily influenced by fathers. Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.
30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Three Characteristics of Authoritative Fathers
B. Key Skills for Young Adults to Succeed in Future
C. Children Tend to Learn Determination from Father
D. Family Relationship Influences School Performance
2020年(浙江卷7月-B)
That is by design. Bellevue, a fast-growing city just east of Seattle, uses a system that is gaining popularity around the US: intersection (十字路口) signals that can adjust in real time to traffic conditions. These lights, known as adaptive signals, have led to significant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.
27. What can we learn from Bellevue's success?
A. It is rewarding to try new things.
B. The old methods still work today.
C. It pavs to put theory into practice
D. The simplest way is the best way.
2020年(浙江卷7月-C)
Challenging work that requires lots of analytical thinking, planning and other managerial skills might help your brain stay sharp as you age, a study published Wednesday in the journal Neurology suggests.
30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Retired Workers Can Pick Up New Skills
B. Old People Should Take Challenging Jobs
C. Your Tough Job Might Help Keep You Sharp
D. Cognitive Function May Decline As You Age
参考答案
(全国卷1-D)【答案与解析】
32, D主旨大意题根据Recent studies have found positive effects ... experienced less crime,...15% more productive可推知,本段主要通过列举两项科学研究来说明绿色植物对人的益处。
35, C主旨大意题通读全文可知,文章重点介绍了麻省理工学院对植物照明的研发,用设问的方式给出标题“发光植物能替代灯(照明)吗?"
(全国卷11-B)【答与解析】
27, B主旨大意题本文主要介绍了芝加哥大学的一项科学研究,该研究表明,对于2到4岁的孩子来说,玩拼图游戏对他们今后空间技能的提高有益
(全国卷Ⅱ-D)【答案与解析】
35, D主旨大意题纵观本文,作者写的是图书馆在她人生的不同阶段带给她的快乐和意义,由第一段的孩提时代到第二段的青少年时期,再到第三、四、五段为人母、祖母时期,都有图书馆的相伴,她在图书馆看书获得了无尽的快乐,而这种快乐也在她的家族中代代传承,也正是因为对于图书馆的喜爱,使得作者在文章最后发出支持图书馆的号召。所以,整篇文章都贯穿着作者对图书馆的喜爱。D项为最佳答案。本题也可以用排除法。A项说阅读是知识的源泉,而实际上本文谈的最多的是在图书馆看书带给她的快乐, 没有直接提到知识,因为知识仅仅是她从图书馆获得的快乐的一部分; B项说的是对写作的看法,而本文几乎没有提到writing,只是在文章最后提到号召writers支持图书馆: C项说的是图书馆是年轻人的避风港,而本文并没有专门针对年轻人,而是根据作者从小到大再到有后代的人生中,讲述了在图书馆看书获取快乐的传统已经在她的家庭中得已传承。
(全国卷Ⅲ11-B)【答案与解析】
25, B主旨大意题第二段介绍了《猩球崛起》电影制作团队如何运用动作捕捉技术,记录人类演员的动作,并利用计算机图形学,创造出数字化的动物形象--逼真的类人猿。
(全国卷ⅢI-C)【答案与解析】
31.D主旨大意题本文以丽塔(Rita)三代人同住一起为例,介绍了在英国多代人同住起这一社会现象,根据已发布的研究报告和数据可知这种现象呈上升的趋势。
(全国卷ⅢI-D)【答案与解析】
35, A主旨大意题纵观全文,作者主要介绍了人类的进化不只发生在数十亿年前,近几千年人类也一直在进化。作者主要以巴瑶人为例,讲述了在从事潜水活动的过程中,他们的身体结构逐渐变得更加适应水下环境,由此可知Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea为适合的标题。
(新高考全国卷1-B)【答案与解析】
7,C主旨大意题本文主要讲述了Jennifer Mauer通过自己的不懈努力,最终实现了自己的目标,因此选C. Hard work pays off.“功夫不负有心人。”(也可翻译为“天道酬勤”, “付出总有回报”)。选项A. Time is money.意为“时间就是金钱。”;选项B. Love breaks down barriers.意为“爱能冲破一切阻碍。”;选项D. Education is the key to success.意为“教育是成功的关键。”
(新高考全国卷1-C)【答案与解析】
11.A主旨大意题文章第一段和第二段开头部分交代了Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia这本书的创作背景;第二段后半部分和第三段介绍了书的具
本内容,包括主题、人物和事件等;最后一段描述了作者的创作手法、写作技巧以及对书的评价。综合全文来看,本文的中心是围绕着一本书展开的, 目的就是为了介绍这本书。
(新高考全国卷1-D)【答案与解析】
12.D主旨大意题文章第一段第一句提到,根据《消费者研究杂志》最近的一项研究,我们就餐时,同伴的体型和饮食习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量。再结合下文内容可知,这项研究是有关饮食行为的。
(天津卷-A)【答案与解析】
40.C,主旨大意题。从文章标题How to Use a Modern Public Library可知,本文是关于如何使用现代公共图书馆的,也就是介绍了改进之后的公共图书馆服务。故选择C.
(天津卷-B)【答案与解析】
45.A,主旨大意题。故事想传达的意思,也就是文章的主旨。本文讲述了一个17岁的小女孩给总统Lincoln做雕塑的事情。这一几乎不可能的事情在老师的帮助下,小女孩子的决心下,以及总统的理解下顺利完成。告诉了我们只要一直足够坚定,足够努力,很多事情都是可以做到的。故选择A.
(天津卷-C)【答案与解析】
50. B.主旨大意题。文章第二,三和四段分别介绍了声音被用作武器,声音创造安静,声音可以起到类似于聚光灯一样的效果等三个声音的应用,所以文章主要关注点在声音科技的领域的发明。故选择B.
(天津卷-D)【答案与解析】
55. C。主旨大意题。文章主要讲解了成功的人都有的两个特点:好奇心和不满足。故选择C.
(江苏卷-C)【答案与解析】
64, D,主旨大意题。文章首段就是文章主旨。本段讲到早上锻炼之后再吃早餐的人比先吃早餐再锻炼的人会更加健康。故选择D.
(江苏卷-D)【答案与解析】
70. B.主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了自己和妻子在亚马逊的一次经历。通过思考村民,你们家乡也有月亮吗?这个问题,作者想到了自己多么的无知,以为自己知道很多,其实有很多都不知道。故,选择B
(浙江卷1月-C)【答案与解析】
30, C主旨大意题文章主要论述了父亲的行为会影响孩子毅力的养成。故C项Children Tend to learn Determination from Father是文章的最佳标题。
(浙江卷7月-B)【答案与解析】
27.A主旨大意题根据最后一段第一句In Bellevue, the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches.以及对比以前通过拓宽马路来改善交通状况的方法可推知,尝试新的事物是有意义的。
((浙江卷7月-C)【答案与解析】
30, C主旨大意题根据第一段Challenging work that requires .. might help your brain stay sharp.及最后一段Still, continuing to challenge yourself mentally ... can only help.知,本文主要介绍挑战性工作能让人大脑保持敏捷这一研究发现。
四、实战演练
1.
Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach’s Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel’s "me" time. And like more Americans, she’s not alone.
A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half（53 percent）have breakfast alone and nearly half（46 percent）have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.
"I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know?" Bechtel said, looking up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape
allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. "Today, I just wanted some time to myself," she said.
Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction（交流）. "I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the week," he said. "It's a chance for self-reflection, You return to work recharged and with a plan."
That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. "It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology," said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report.
8. What is the text mainly about?
A. The trend of having meals alone.
B. The importance of self-reflection.
C. The stress from working overtime.
D. The advantage of wireless technology. 【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。通过对全文的理解，文章主要讲述了独自就餐的趋势，故答案为A。
2.
Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days , a brush was made from camel's hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.
The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged （蓬乱）. His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.
The cat's lot was about to improve. That year, one of Benjamin's cousins, Mr. Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamin's drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings（版画）by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen. In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, Mr. Pennington returned for another visit .He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamin's parents if he might take the boy to Philadelphia for a visit.
In the city, Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape (风景) painting. Williams, a well-known painter, came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take
home .The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little, having been a poor student. But he later said,” Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night.”
While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.
21. What is the text mainly about?
A. Benjamin's visit to Philadelphia.
B. Williams' influence on Benjamin.
C. The beginning of Benjamin's life as an artist.
D. The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.
【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了美国绘画之父Benjamin在决定要成为一名画家之前的经历。故选C。
3.
Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped wilderness(荒野). But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.
Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris. People went there for gold. They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warming. An avalanche(雪崩) once closed the path, killing 63 people. For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.
But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable. Necessities like food and wood were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come. Today, people still come and go — to see where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City — its present population is 762.
27. What is the text mainly about?
A. The rise and fall of a city.
B. The gold rush in Canada.
C. Journeys into the wilderness.
D. Tourism in Dawson.
【答案】A
阅读理解之推断题（解析版） 推理判断题属于高层次阅读理解题。解答该类型题目时一定要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息之间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”和“言外之意”。在进行推断时，要据文推理、合情推理，不可脱离原文主观臆断。 推理判断题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推测作者未明确提到的事实或某事件发展的趋势。推理判断能力是阅读理解能力的重要组成部分，因而也是阅读理解部分重点考查的能力之一。每年每套题通常会有4～6 题。 一、思维导图 推断隐含意义思维导图
二、方法点拨 (一)推理判断题题干常用词 一般来说，推理判断题题干中主要包括下面的词语：know about, learn from, infer, imply, suggest, conclude, purpose, attitude, probably, most likely等。 (二)推理判断题正确选项特征 推理判断题中的正确选项是依据文章的事实或证据推断出的符合逻辑的结论或观点，正确选项一般具有以下特征： 1．“立足原文，只推一步”，即根据原文内容，一步即可推得。 2．选项中一般不可以出现绝对概念。如only, never, all, absolutely等，正确答案的表述一般有一点模糊，会用一些相对能够留有一些余地的词汇，如often, usually, sometimes, some, may, might, can, could, possibly, probably等。 (三)推理判断题干扰选项特征 1．曲解文意：即推测意义与文章表层意义有区别。推理判断题中有些选项来自文章中的某一句或某几句话，命题者可能会利用里面的词设计出干扰项，看似表达文章的意思，其实是借题发挥，是对原文意思的曲解。 2．张冠李戴：即把文章中作者的观点与其他人的观点混淆在一起。题干问的是作者的观点，选项中出现的却是其他人的观点；题干问的是其他人的观点，选项中却出现了作者的观点。 3．偷梁换柱：干扰项用了与文章中某一句话相似的句型结构和单词，却在考生易忽视的地方换了几个单词，造成句意的改变。 4．无中生有：这种类型的干扰项往往是基本的生活常识或普遍认可的观点，但在文章中并无相关的信息支撑点。其次，这种干扰项也有可能与设置的问题毫不相干。
高中英语阅读理解 一. 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项. (A) When you are travelling, whether on business or for pleasure, you often need to stay in a hotel. The kind of hotel you choose probably is decided above all according to how much money you want to spend. There are small hotels with very few services, where the prices are low, or there are large hotels with all the very latest comforts, where you could spend all the money you have in the bank for one very comfortable night. There are several different kinds of people who go to hotels. Some want to live, rather than just stay, in a hotel; the hotels which are designed to meet their needs are called residential hotels. However, most people who stay in hotels are either business people or tourists on holiday. In most hotels, there are two kinds of rooms: single rooms, for the use of one person, and double rooms, for the use of two people. In addition, in large hotels, there are also suites(套房), which include two or more rooms connected together—perhaps a bed-room and a living room. They are for people who are very rich or very important. 1. One’s choice of a particular hotel is made mainly according to _______. A. how much one is willing to pay for a night B. whether one is travelling on business or for pleasure C. whether the hotel is in the central part of a city D. how good the services of the hotel are 2. If the president of a certain country comes, he will _______. A. live in a new hotel with a suite B. stay in a single room of a hotel C. stay in a double room of a hotel D. stay in a suite of a modern hotel 3. If a person stays in a modern hotel with latest comforts for a night, _______. A. he will become poor B. he has to pay a lot of money C. he has to spend all the money he has in the bank D. he has to pay some money 4. The title of the article is probably _______. A. Rooms of a Hotel B. Cost of a Hotel C. Hotels D. People staying in Hotels (B)
高中英语阅读理解 一.请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项. (A) When you are travelling, whether on business or for pleasure, you often need to stay in a hotel. The kind of hotel you choose probably is decided above all according to how much money you want to spend. There are small hotels with very few services, where the prices are low, or there are large hotels with all the very latest comforts, where you could spend all the money you have in the bank for one very comfortable night. There are several different kinds of people who go to hotels. Some want to live, rather than just stay, in a hotel; the hotels which are designed to meet their needs are called residential hotels. However, most people who stay in hotels are either business people or tourists on holiday. In most hotels, there are two kinds of rooms: single rooms, for the use of one person, and double rooms, for the use of two people. In addition, in large hotels, there are also suites(套房), which include two or more rooms connected together—perhaps a bed-room and a living room. They are for people who are very rich or very important. 1. One’s choice of a particular hotel is made mainly according to _______. A. how much one is willing to pay for a night B. whether one is travelling on business or for pleasure C. whether the hotel is in the central part of a city D. how good the services of the hotel are 2. If the president of a certain country comes, he will _______. A. live in a new hotel with a suite B. stay in a single room of a hotel C. stay in a double room of a hotel D. stay in a suite of a modern hotel 3. If a person stays in a modern hotel with latest comforts for a night, _______. A. he will become poor B. he has to pay a lot of money C. he has to spend all the money he has in the bank D. he has to pay some money 4. The title of the article is probably _______. A. Rooms of a Hotel B. Cost of a Hotel C. Hotels D. People staying in Hotels (B)
阅读理解之主旨题（解析版） 主旨大意题考查的是考生对文章内容的深层次理解，它要求考生在充分理解全文的前提下，对整篇文章的主旨大意有一个较为清晰的印象。主旨大意题分为标题类和主题类。 主旨大意题是阅读理解中考生失分最多的题目，因为该类试题不仅考查考生略读文章、领会大意的能力，也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的要求。文章中没有明显的解题依据，需要考生从文章中提炼、抽取一些关键词、主干句进行加工概括，才能归纳出文章的主旨。此类题目可分为三大类，即标题归纳题、文章大意题和段落大意题。要做好主旨大意题，我们首先必须了解其正确选项和干扰选项的特征。 正确选项特征干扰选项特征 1.涵盖性强，覆盖全文或全段。 2.确定的范围恰当，既不太大，也不太小。 3.精确性强，不会改变语言表意的程度及色彩。1.过于笼统，不知所云 所给选项内容概括的范围过大，超出文章所述内 容。 2.以偏概全，主次不分 所给选项只阐述了文章的一部分内容，或以文章 中的细节信息或个别词作为选项的设置内容，或 以次要的事实或细节充当全文的主要观点。 3.移花接木，偷换概念 所给选项被命题者有意识地把本属于A的内容放 在B上，若不留神，极易选错答案。 4.无中生有，生搬硬套 所给选项的关键词语虽然在文章中谈到了，但经 过仔细阅读分析之后，发现选项的内容与文章的 内容毫无联系。 类型一标题归纳题
一、提问方式 ·The best title of the passage is ________. ·Which of the following is the best title of the passage? ·What would be the best title for the passage? ·The most appropriate title of the passage is ______. 二、解题必备知能 (一)理解标题的3大特点 一个好的标题应具备三大特点： 1．概括性——准确而又简短； 2．针对性——标题外延正好与文章内容相符； 3．醒目性——能引发读者的阅读欲望。 (二)巧用3大方法确定文章标题 1．正面肯定法：在理解文章主旨的基础上，揣摩哪个选项能准确概括主旨； 2．反面否定法：撇开原文，拿各个备选项去设想用它们写出来的“文章”将是什么内容，然后和原文章对照，一一排除不符选项； 3．研读备选项本身：研读备选项里面的中心词、修饰词的变化、结构、概括性等。 例子1 Good Morning Britain's Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role — showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget. In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under ￡5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she's been able to put a lot of what she's learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.
考点19 阅读理解主旨大意题（核心考点精讲精练） 近3年真题考点分布 【思维导图】 【知识梳理】 ➢考点一：文章大意类 寻找主题句确定文章大意。主题句的位置一般有以下几种： (1)主题句出现在文首。文章开门见山，给出了主题句，随之用细节对其进行解释、支撑。
(2)主题句出现在文末。文章先表述细节，之后在文末归纳概括出主题。 (3)主题句首尾呼应。为突出主题，作者先提出主题，结尾时再次升华主题。 (4)主题句出现在文章的中间。文章首先提出问题，对问题进行描述，讨论之后在文章的中间部分给出主题句，而后又做进一步的解释。 【典例】（2023松江二模） In spite of all these concerns, most scientists hold that revolutionary technology and people’s awakening can shine a light on solutions in ways that are impossible now. There is undoubtedly a long way to go when we address problems facing mankind, but we can always anticipate something. 28．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Effective CO2 absorbing technologies have come into wide use. B．With greenhouse gas reduced, global warming can be addressed. C．Future climate will improve with human efforts but threats still remain. D．Future climate will restore to a normal state with advanced technology. 【典例】（2023徐汇二模） Casting blame is natural: it is tempting to fault someone else for a mistake rather than taking responsibility yourself. But blame is also harmful. It makes it less likely that people will own up to mistakes, and thus less likely that organizations can learn from them. Research published in 2015 suggests that firms whose managers pointed to external factors to explain their failings underperformed companies that blamed themselves. Blame culture can spread like a virus. Just as children fear mom and dad’s punishment if they admit to wrongdoing, in a blaming environment, employees are afraid of criticism and punishment if they acknowledge making a mistake at work. Blame culture asks, “who dropped the ball?” instead of “where did our systems and processes fail?” The focus is on the individuals, not the processes. It’s much easier to point fingers at a person or department instead of doing the harder, but the more beneficial, exercise of fixing the root cause, so the problem does not happen again. 66. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Why We Fail to Learn from Our Own Mistakes B. How to Avoid Disastrous Errors in Organizations C. Why We Should Stop the Blame Game at Work D. How to Deal with Workplace Blame Culture ➢考点二：段落大意类 通过结构或暗示概括段落大意。(1)根据逻辑结构概括段落大意：要准确概括段落大意，务必知道该段落的
读后续写03 环境描写突破（解析版）通过对环境的描写，能够向读者交待故事的背景，衬托人物，渲染气氛，从而推动情节发展。环境描写真的是必不可少的。此外，作者可以通过环境描写向读者间接的表达着故事中主人公的内心情感变化。 思维导图 环境描写的重要性 首先要明确的是，把主旨想清楚，时刻不忘“写景乃为主旨服务”这句话。如果景物与主旨无关，就是为写景而写景，就是无效的写景。 例如，大家看看我要传达出“高兴”与“悲伤”两种不同主旨时，该用下面哪种景物描写。 A. 花儿低着头，杨柳无精打采。 B. 花儿昂着头，杨柳摆动这枝条。 答案一目了然。 所以，景随主旨变。先确定主旨，然后来写景，这样才有效果。 通常情况下，传达出的情感好，则用褒义色彩的美好的、正向的词。传达出情感需要不好，则用贬义色彩的糟糕负面的词。大家看下面三例： The wind was blowing dreadfully(恐怖地)。 The wind was blowing softly（柔和地）。
The wind was blowing comfortably（舒服地）。 可以看出三句传达出什么样的情感吧。 第一种方法：“情景交融”法 用一个公式来表达就是：写景+感受 写景后，再添加一个明显的情感描写，就是指：有时在景物描写之后，加上一两句自己的情感态度。这样做的整体效果就是：情境交融。当然，如果你想造成“留白启发思考”的效果，那么就没有必要添加这种显性的情感态度描写了。 举个例子，大家记得2017年11月高考《健忘的妈妈》的故事续写吧。第一段可以用到下面三句： That night we set up our tent in a park.（那天晚上我们在公园里搭起帐篷。） The moon was held up above the sky, shining her smooth and charming moonlight. （月亮被高举在天空的上方，照耀着她那光滑而迷人的月光。） Twinkling stars were blinking（眨眼）, and fragrant（芬芳的）breeze（微风）gently blew.（闪烁的星星眨着眼，芬芳的微风轻轻地吹着。） 这个景物描写很精彩。但是如果后面在加一句： Resting beside my mother, with hands held tightly by her, I feel the world is so beautiful.（躺在母亲身边，双手紧紧地握着母亲，我觉得这个世界是如此美丽。） 这样一加，就让“母亲”显现，就让“我与母亲关系和谐”的主旨就显现了。 再比如，下面两句景物描写： 第1句：The wind was howling dreadfully and the rain was pouring from the heaven, whipping against the branches of lined（成排的） trees. （风可怕地嚎叫，雨从天倾斜而来，拍打着成排的树枝。） 第2句：The world was loaded with a sea of darkness（世界承载着一片海洋般的黑暗）. 这两句的后面，如果再加一句：
思维导图破解高考阅读理解第1讲高考英语阅读理解考情解析阅读理解题型解析思维导图 阅读理解考情分析 阅读理解题答案分布
通过对全国卷近三年高考阅读理解题进行分析，给我们如下启示： 1.题材以说明文为主, 应用文记叙文为辅，偶尔考议论文； 2.包含新课标中的全部主题语境，但以人与社会主题为主； 3.四种题型中以细节理解题为主，约60%，其次是推理判断题，主旨大意题1-2题，词义猜测题1题； 4. ABCD的答案个数均等或大致均等； 5.考生应加强阅读理解速度、阅读理解准确度、长难句分析训练和外刊阅读。阅读理解四步解题法思维导图 解题步骤或顺序，有人先文后题，有人先题后文, 因人而异, 无优劣之分,应根据你的习惯来决定。 长难句组件分析法 英语基本句型即主谓、主谓宾、主系表、主谓双宾和主谓宾宾补，几乎跟汉语结构是一样，是非常容易理解的。一个句子之所以长，长得难于理解，是增加了修饰语的缘故。修饰语有作定语的形容词、作状语的副词，还有介词短语、非谓语动词短语和从句。形容词和副词是一个词，相对较短，而介词短语、非谓语动词和从句相对较长，因此称之为“三长两短”。 分析长难句的基本方法是组建分析法，就是分清主干成分和修饰成分，尤其是“三长两短”，将“三长两短”用括号括起来，找到句子主干(主谓、主谓宾或主系表)，即删除枝节，提取主干。 ［例1］According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories per hour, which is approximately twice
高中英语阅读理解及答案三篇 英语阅读理解是高中英语考试占分比极重的一题。今天小编整理了三篇高中英语阅读理解及答案给大家，希望大家能够有所收获。 高中英语阅读理解题1 【English literature】 Some of the notebooks George Washington kept as a young man are still in existence. They show that he was learning Latin，was very interested in the basics of good behavior in society，and was reading English literature. At school he seems only to have been interested in mathematics.In fact，his formal education was surprisingly brief for a gentleman，and incomplete For unlike other young Virginian of that day，he did not go to the College of William and Mary in the Virginian capital of Williamsburg.In terms of formal training then，Washington contrasts sharply with some other early American Presidents such as John Adams，Thomas Jefferson and James Madison.In later years，Washington probably regretted his lack of intellectual training He never felt comfortable in a debate in Congress(国会)，or on any Subject that had not to do with everyday，practical matters And because he never learned French and could not speak directly to the French leaders，he did not visit the country he admired SO much.Thus，unlike Jefferson and Adams，he never reached Europe 31.Why didn‟t Washington go to college? A.His family could not afford it. B A college education was rather uncommon in his time. C.He didn‟t like the young Virginian gentlemen D.The author doesn‟t give any reason.
思维导图破解高考阅读理解第4讲主旨大意题 主旨大意题思维导图 主旨大意题考查的是考生对文章内容的深层次理解，它要求考生在充分理解全文的前提下，对整篇文章的主旨大意有一个较为清晰的印象。主旨大意题分为标题类和主题类。 段落大意题思维导图 段落大意题举例 2020年全国Ⅰ卷·32 The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants. What is the first paragraph mainly about? A. A new study of different plants. B. A big fall in crime rates. C. Employees from various workplaces. D. Benefits from green plants. 2020年全国Ⅰ卷·25 The creative team behind “Apes” used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that records an actor's performance and later processes it with
阅读理解之猜词题（解析版） 猜词悟义是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考阅读理解中必考的题型。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。同时，考生应掌握一些猜词技巧，通过定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义、构词、常识及上下文线索等确定词义。 一、思维导图 二、方法点拨 1. 设问方式 •The underlined word “ … ” refers to/ (probably) means . •“…” as used in the pa ssage can best be defined as… •What do you think the expression “…” stands for?
•What does the underlined word “…” refer to in the last paragraph? •Which of the following words can take the place of the word “ … ”? •The underlined word “…” could best be replaced by… •Which of the following has the closest meaning to the word “ … ”? •What does the author mean by “…” in paragraph 2? 2. 七大技巧 1.根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测 有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释。标点符号，如逗号后的解释(名词同位语)、破折号后的解释、括号内的解释等。这都是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。例如： 例子1 Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. 29．Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2? A．Complex.B．Advanced. C．Powerful. D．Modern. [分析]根据画线词所在句子可知，人类社会发展的很多因素导致许多语言消失，而逐渐被英语、西班牙语、汉语等语言取代，画线词前后的解释暗示了这些语言逐渐占主导地位，故选C项powerful (强大的，有影响力的)。 【真题小练】(浙江2019.6 阅读理解B） Money with no strings attached. It’s not something you see every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read, "Give What You Can, Take What You Need." ( )What does the expression "money with no strings attached" in paragraph 1 mean? A.Money spent without hesitation. B.Money not legally made. C.Money offered without conditions. D.Money not tied together.
高中英语真题:）阅读理解（5）（答案） When you are travelling, whether on business or for pleasure, y ou often need to stay in a hotel. The kind of hotel you choose pr obably is decided above all according to how much money you want to spend. There are small hotels with very few services, w here the prices are low, or there are large hotels with all the ver y latest comforts, where you could spend all the money you hav e in the bank for one very comfortable night. There are several different kinds of people who go to hotels. So me want to live, rather than just stay, in a hotel; the hotels whic h are designed to meet their needs are called residential hotels. However, most people who stay in hotels are either business p eople or tourists on holiday. In most hotels, there are two kinds of rooms: single rooms, for t he use of one person, and double rooms, for the use of two peo ple. In addition, in large hotels, there are also suites(套 房), which include two or more rooms connected together—perhaps a bed- room and a living room. They are for people who are very rich o r very important.
专题01 细节题 Part 1 技巧导图 (1) Part 2 知识详解 (1) Part 3 细节题选项特征 (2) Part 4 细节题解题秘籍 (3) Part 5 定位词的寻找技巧 (8) Part 6 高频同义替换词 (10) Part 1 技巧导图 Part 2 知识详解 设问方式和考题类型 一、设问方式 常针对文中细节提问，可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。 1. 是非题形式：true/ false或except?
All of the following are true EXCEPT _____. 2.特殊疑问句形式： According to the passage, who/ what/ when/ where / why / how… 3.填空题形式，如： To avoid attracting mountain lions, people are advised_____ 二、题目类型 1.Wh-细节型 2.是非型 3.计算型 4.排序型 5.图标型 Part 3 细节题选项特征 (一)细节理解题正确选项特征 (二)细节理解题干扰选项特征
Part 4 细节题解题秘籍 细节理解题有时比较直接，理解字面意思即可答题；有时则较为间接，需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题。细节理解题占阅读理解总题量的60%左右，是最重要的得分点。 细节理解题无论以怎样的方式提问，考生都要记住一个解题原则——“本本主义”，一切从原文出发，无须读很多段落甚至全文后去归纳总结、分析推理，正确答案就对应原文的某一处具体信息。可以用两步法解题。 一．直接信息题 考生可以采取“关键词定位法”，即“带着问题找答案”的方法，通过定位找题眼。先从题干中提取关键性词语(题眼)，然后以此为线索，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此关键词相关的段落、语句，快速定位该题与哪一段哪一句有关，然后仔细推敲，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案。简言之，可采用“一找二定三比对”的方法。解题流程如下： 做题小技巧： 1.若针对特殊标点符号,举例子,名人名言出题,只需要阅读符号，例子,名言前后的内容，然后与选项核对。 2.在出现一些关键词，如however、but、moreover、therefore、thus时，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折，递进，因果等关系。 3.细节题的答案一般是同义替换项或者同义转换项 4.选项中有绝对语气词的一般不是答案。如：must, never, the most, all, merely, only, have to, any, no, completely, none,等。但不是绝对，也有例外。
中学英语阅读理解试题（有答案和解析） 第一篇 题材：英语学习体裁：夹叙夹议关键词：English 字数：146 阅读时间：3分钟 Students in many countries are learning English. Some of these students are small children. Others are teen-agers. Many are adults. Some learn at school, others by themselves. A few learn English by learning the language over the radio, on TV, or in film. One must work hard to learn another language. Why do all these people want to learn English? It is difficult to answer this question. Many boys and girls learn English at school because it is one of their subjects required for study. They study their own language and maths and English. Some people learn it because it is useful for their work.. Many people learn English for their work.. Many people learn English for their higher studies, because at college or university some of their books are in English. Other people learn English because they want to read newspapers or magazines in English. 1. People learn English _______. A. at school B. over the radio C. on TV D. not all in the same way 2. Different kinds of people want to learn English _______.