四川省泸州市枫叶佳德国际学校八年级下册英语动词不定式动词短语
动词不定式：To do
一、作主语：To help each other is good.=It is good to help each other.
★It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事例句:It your turn to clean the blackboard.
★It’s time(for sb.) to do sth.是某人做某事时候了例句:It’s time for me to go home.
★It’s +adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事是……
（当adj.是表示性格、品德的形容词时用of）
例句: It is easy for me to learn it well.It is very kind/foolish/nice of you to do so.
★It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花了某时间
例句:1.It takes me an hour to get to school by bike.
2.It took me an hour to watch TV last night.
3.It will take her two weeks to finish the work.
二、作表语：My job is to drive them to the power station every day.
三、作宾语：She wishes to be a musician.
I am determined to give up smoking.
I don’t think it right to do it that way.
四、作宾语补足语，如：Tell the children not to play on the street.
I saw a little girl run across the street.
五、作定语时，须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后，如：Is this the best way to help him?
He is the man to depend on.
六、目的状语：Every morning he gets up very early to read English.
结果状语：They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们活到亲眼见到了他们家乡的解放。We reached the station in a hurry to find the bus had left.
七、其他结构：
★too+adj./adv. to do sth. 太…..而不能例: He was too angry to say a word.
★be+adj+to do sth
例句:I am very sorry to hear that. I am ready to help others.I am happy/pleased/glad to meet you.
一.接不定式（而不接动名词）作宾语的常用动词
1.afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事
2.agree to do sth. 同意做某事
3.decide to do sth. 决定做某事
4.expect to do sth. 期待做某事
5.fail to do sth. 未能做某事
6.happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事
7.help to do sth. 帮助做某事
8.hope to do sth. 希望做某事
9.learn to do sth. 学习做某事
10.need to do sth. 需要做某事
11.offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事12.plan to do sth. 计划做某事
13.prepare to do sth. 准备做某事
14.promise to do sth. 答应做某事
15.refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
16.want to do sth. 想要做某事
17.wish to do sth. 希望做某事
18.manage to do sth 设法做成某事
19.choose to do sth 选择做某事
20.would like to do sth 想要做某事
21.volunteer to do sth 志愿做什么22．can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做什么
二、接不定式作宾补的常用动词
1.advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
2.allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
3.ask sb. to do sth.请(叫)某人做某事
4.beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事
5.cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事
6.encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事
7.expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事
8.force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事
9.get sb. to do sth. 使(要)某人做某事
10.hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事
11.help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
12.invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
13.leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事
14.like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事
15.mean sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事
16.need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事17.order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
18.prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事
19.remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
20.teach sb. to do sth .教某人做某事
21.tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事
22.train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事
23.trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事
24.want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
25.warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事
26.wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
三、接动名词（不接不定式）作宾语的常用动词
1.介词（of. about. from. off. with. without. at. in.
on. like. as. after. before…）doing sth
2.avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
3.consider doing sth. 考虑做某事
4.dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事
5.enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事
6.finish doing sth. 完成做某事
7.give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
8.keep doing sth. 保持做某事
9.mind doing sth. 介意做某事
10.practice doing sth. 练习做某事11.put off doing sth. 推迟做某事
12.stop doing sth. 停止做某事
13.suggest doing sth. 建议做某事
14.can’t help doing sth 情不自禁做什么
15.feel like doing 想做什么
16.give up doing sth.放弃做某事
17.imagine doing sth.想象做某事
18.risk/take risks doing sth.冒险做某事
19.suggest/advise doing sth.建议做某事
20.mean doing sth. 意味着做什么
21.begin/start doing sth 开始做什么
四、接现在分词作宾补的常用动词
1.find sb. doing sth. 碰见（撞上）某人做某事
2.hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人做某事
3.keep sb. doing sth. 使某人不停地做某事
4.see sb. doing sth. 看见某人做某事
5.stop sb. doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
6.watch sb. doing sth. 观看某人做某事
7.notice sb. doing sth. 注视到某人正在做某事
五、接动词原形作宾补的常用动词
1.feel sb. do sth. 感觉某人做某事
2.hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事
3.let sb. do sth.让某人做某事
4.make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
5.see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某
6.watch sb. do sth. 观察某人做
7.notice sb. do sth. 注视到某人做某
六、接不定式或动名词作宾语意思相同的动词1. like to do sth / doing sth. 喜欢做某事
1. love to do sth / doing sth. 喜欢做某事
2. start to do sth / doing sth. 开始做某事
3. begin to do sth / doing sth. 开始做某事
4. hate to do sth / doing sth. 憎恨做某事
5. prefer to do sth / doing sth. 更喜欢/可做某事
七、接不定式或动名词作宾语意思不同的动词（1）remember to do sth. 记住要做某事
remember doing sth. 记住曾做过某事（2）forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事
forget doing sth. 忘记曾做过某事
（3）go on to do sth. 做完某事后接着做另一事go on doing sth. 继续做一直在做
（4）stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事stop doing sth.停止正在做的事 短语动词：Phrasal verbs
1.look for寻找；
2.look after照顾；
3.look over查看；
4.look forward to渴望，向往，to为介词，后接
名词、代词、动名词作宾语；
5.look at看着；
6.look up抬头看，在…查找；
7.look up to尊敬；
8.look down upon瞧不起；
9.look like看起来像；
10.look through透过……看,翻阅，浏览；
11.look into调查；
12.look out当心；
13.look out of往…外看
14.look about [around]环顾四周
15.look back 回顾，回想
16.put off推迟
17.put on穿上；上演；
18.put away把…暂时收起来，储存……备用；
19.put up举起，建造，张贴；
20.put out扑灭；
21.put down写下；放下；
22.put aside把…搁在一边；
23.put back放回
24.put…into把…放入
25.put one’s heart into全神贯注
26.turn down把音量开小一点;拒绝；
27.turn up把音量开大一点;出现；
28.turn round/around回头；
29.turn over翻开;翻转；
30.turn to朝向;变成;求助于；
31.turn…into…把…变成…；
32.turn on 打开(电灯等)
33.turn off 关(电灯等)
34.turn against背叛
35.turn back折回，往回走
36.turn around旋转，转过身来
37.call at拜访，后接地点；
38.call on拜访，后接被拜访的对象；号召；
39.call back回电话；40.call in 叫来；
41.call up打电话，使回忆起；
42.call off取消
43.be friendly/kind to对…友好
44.be different from与…不同；
45.be afraid of害怕；
46.be popular with受…欢迎；
47.be interested in对…感兴趣；
48.be surprised at对…惊讶；
49.be satisfied/content/pleased with对…满意；
50.be strict with对某人严格；
51.be strict in 对某事严格；
52.be good to对…有好处；
53.be good at擅长于…；
54.be sure of/about对…有把握；
55.be angry with对某人生气；
56.be busy with忙于；
57.be full of/filled with装满了；
58.be late for…迟到；
59.be covered with覆盖着；
60.be famous/known for因…著名；
61.get over越过，恢复，克服
62.get ready for为…作准备
63.get up起床
64.get used to习惯于
65.get through通过，度过，完成
66.get on/along (well) with与某人相处（融洽），
在…进展（顺利）；
67.get up起床；get on上车（船、飞机、马）；
68.get off下车（船、飞机、马）；
69.get back回去；
70.get back to回到；
71.get away离开，逃脱；
72.get down下来；
73.get home到家；
74.get into进入，陷入；
75.get out (of) (从…)出去；躲避
76.get to到达
77.take off（飞机）起飞，脱掉（衣服）；
78.take away拿走；
79.take out取出；
80.take down取下；
81.take up占据时间、空间，开始从事，拿起
82.take one\'s place take the place of 坐某人的座
位；代替某人的职务
83.take care of照顾
84.take care小心，当心
85.take part in参与，参加
86.take it easy别着急，慢慢来
87.agree with同意（意见、想法）；
88.agree to do sth同意（计划、办法）；
89.agree on协商一件事；
90.cut in插嘴
91.cut down砍到
92.cut out停止使用
93.cut up切碎
94.cut off 切除
95.cut into 切成……
96.pick up拾起，捡起，拿起，收听，用车接送
客人、货物，收拾、整理；
97.pick out挑选。
98.go over温习，复习；
99.go off爆炸发出声响
100.go against违背
101.go away走开；
102.go back回去，回顾；
103.go by时间流逝，从旁经过；
104.go down下降，下沉；
105.go for为…而去
106.go up上升，攀登
107.go through经历
108.go on（时间）过去，继续，持续，发生；https://www.doczj.com/doc/7e19299852.html,e out出来，出版；
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7e19299852.html,e down倒塌，降下来；
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7e19299852.html,e from来自；
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7e19299852.html,e back回来；
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7e19299852.html,e across偶然遇到；
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7e19299852.html,e to an end结束；
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7e19299852.html,e to oneself苏醒过来；
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7e19299852.html,e up长出，发芽；
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7e19299852.html,e on（表示劝说、激动、不耐烦等）快！
得啦；跟着来；来临
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7e19299852.html,e true实现https://www.doczj.com/doc/7e19299852.html,e up with找到，解决，想到
120.give up放弃；
121.give off放出、发出（气体、气味、烟雾、光、水、热等）；
122.give out精疲力竭、累倒，耗尽、用完；123.give away泄露，赠送；
124.give back归还
125.give in屈服，让步，投降
126.make a decision作出决定；
127.make a mistake犯错误；
128.make progress取得进步；
129.make a face做鬼脸；
130.make friends with与…交朋友；
131.make up编造，虚构，打扮，弥补
132.break down破坏，粉碎，出故障
133.break in 闯进，打断
134.break out爆发
135.drop by/in顺便来访
136.fall behind 落在...后面
137.fall down 失败
138.fall ill /asleep /silent 生病/睡着/沉默
139.fall in love with…爱上（某人）
140.fall into 陷入，养成，开始，渐渐
141.fall into a habit of 养成…习惯
142.think of 考虑；关心；想起；对…有某种看法143.think about 考虑；研究、思考
144.think over 仔细考虑
145.think back to 回忆起
146.think up“设想、构思”
147.set out与set off同义，“动身、出发、启程”，148.set up“创办、树立、搭起”
149.try on 试穿(衣服、鞋等)；试戴(帽子等) 150.try out 试验；尝试
151.try one’s best to do尽力去做
152.work out 做出, 设计出, 制作出；算出, 得出...
答案, 解决；
153.keep (sb.) away (from sth.)（使）某人离开（某物）
154.keep sth. in mind 记住（某事物）
155.keep up with 跟上，不落在后面
156.keep away不接近，离开
157.send away 解雇, 开除, 赶走
158.send for 派人去叫递(名片等)
专项训练：动词不定式 一. 选择填空： 1. He asked me ________ here earlier. A. come B. to come C. coming D. came 2. Please tell him _______ on the wall. A. don’t draw B. to not draw C. not to draw D. not draw 3. He wanted ________ a cup of tea. A. to have B. having C. have D. had 4. I’d like ________ a word with you. A. had B. having C. to have D. have 5. I came here _______ my uncle. A. saw B. to see C. seeing D. to be seen 6. The man refused （拒绝）________ back his words. A. to take B. taking C. took D. takes 7. I can let you ________ one ticket. A. to have B. have C. having D. had 8. We often heard him _________ in his room. A. to sing B. sings C. sang D. sing 9. He was made ________ day and night. A. work B. working C. to work D. worked 10. He stopped ______ a look, but saw nothing. A. having B. to have C. have D. had 11. My father was too angry _________ a word. A. to say B. not to say C. to saying D. didn’t say 12. My brother was old enough ________ to school. A. went B. goes C. going D. to go 13. It is time ________ him ________ supper.
非谓语动词——不定式 一、教学目的：要求学生掌握不定式的概念，意义，用法 二、教学重点：不定式的用法 三、教学难点：不定式的用法，特别是作定语时的用法 四、教方法：讲解法，启发法，讨论法，归纳总结法，练习巩固法 五、教学器材：多媒体 六、教学步骤：1、呈现以前的句子 （1）My job is to teach children （2）I want something to eat （3）He hlep his mother do some housewor （4）He asked me to clean the table （5）It is easy to learn math （6）Nice to meet you （7）I am too moved to say a word 2、介绍不定式的意义构成 ?3、不定式的用法动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种。所谓非谓语动词就是不能做谓语，没有人称和数的变化。不定式由“to+动词原形”构成。To只是不定式的一个符号，没有实际意义。另外，动词不定式具有动词的性质，可以带宾语和状语，不定式加上它的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。而且不定式可以作除谓语以外的其他句子成分。 具体用法如下： ?动词不定式作及物动词的宾语，常用的及物动词有：begin,want,hope,forget,remember,help,like,love,need,try,ask,learn,wish,agree,choose,st art,plan,decide,refuse等 ?宾语补足语 ?.作Tell the children not to play on the road. ?Would you like me to help you? ?I often help my mother(to)do housework at home 注：（1）作动词ask,tell,want,order,invite,wish, teach等的宾补时，动词不定式要带to I asked Jack to carry the box. （2）.表示感官和使役的动词let,make,feel,hear, see,watch等的宾补时，动词不定式不带to. She let me borrow an English book. （3）.作动词help的宾补时，动词不定式可带to， 3.作主语 ?To smoke is a bad habit. ?I t is hard to answer your question该句也可说成：To answer your question is hard. ?注:（1）如果要说明动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可在不定式前面加一个for sb. 做不定式的逻辑主语. ?I t is important for us to learn computer. ?I t is easy for you to work out this math problem.
Unit 1 What’s the matter? 学习目标 重点短语：Section A:have a cold, have a stomachache, have a sore throat, lie down, have a fever, take one’s temperature, see a dentist, have a cough, get an X-ray, cut oneself, take breaks, shout for help, get off, to one’s surprise, thanks to, right away, agree to do, get into trouble, fall down Section B & Self Check: have a nosebleed, have problems doing, be used to, take risks, run out (of), cut off, so that / so…that…, get out of, make a decision, be in control of, keep on (doing sth.), give up, have a sore leg, have a headache 重点句型： 1. –What’s the matter? --I have a stomachache. 2. You shouldn’t eat too much neat time. 3. You should lie down and rest. 4. –What should she do? --She should take her temperature. 5. Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood. 6. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience. 重点语法：1. 情态动词should / shouldn’t 用法； 2. 反身代词：myself / ourselves; yourself / yourselves; himself / herself / itself / themselves Section A 一、听力 I. 听录音，选择与内容相符的图片，并把序号写在括号里。每段对话听两遍。（5小题） (一下五个句子尚未配图) 1. I have a headache and have to stay in bed. 2. Tom is at home. He has a toothache. 3. I feel terrible. I have a sore throat. 4. Let’s help Kate. She has a nosebleed. 5. He has a fever. The doctor asks him to take some medicine.) II. 听录音，根据听到的句子选择正确的答语，并把序号写在括号里。每个句子听两遍。（5小题） ( ) 1. A. Two hours. B. Five yuan. C. Twice a month. ( ) 2. A. I’m sorry to hear that. B. That sounds good. C. Yes, please. ( ) 3. A. She's at school． B. She's going to the beach． C. She's in the mountains． ( ) 4. A. Have a good time. B. Oh, dear. C. I want to go. ( ) 5. A. A week. B. Three times. C. Nine hours. 二、语音
动词不定式 一、动词不定式在句子中不能充当谓语，没有人称和数的变化。 二、动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成(有时可以不带to)。动词不定式的否定形式是“not+动词不定式”(not不与助动词连用)。 三、动词不定式短语具有名词、形容词和副词等的功能，可在句中用做多种句子成分。 1、主语：常置于句末，而用it代替其做形式主语。 To go in for sports helps you stay fit. It is dangerous to swim in the deep sea on your own. 注：此句式中不定式逻辑上的主语可由for或of引出，逻辑主语由of引出时，表语的形容词为kind, nice, good, polite, clever, foolish, right, wrong等表示评价的形容词。例：It’s right of him to refuse the invitation. (him为逻辑主语) 2、表语：Our duty is to protect the environment. 3、动词宾语：此种情况可按固定搭配或句式去记。 例：Would you like to see my photos? Kevin planned to visit his uncle. 和plan用法一样的词还有：start, want, agree, hope, begin,
decide等。 I found it very difficult to get a job. (it为形式宾语) 4、宾语补足语： (1) 在多数复合宾语及物动词后要带to。 例：I asked a friend to read it to me. (book4，L2) (2) 在表示感觉、致使等意义的动词(see, watch, hear, feel, notice, observe, make, let, have, help等) 后不带to。 例：They heard him sing a pop song in the meeting room. 5、定语：动词不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词的后面。 例：I have something important to say. 6、形容词补足语:在表示心理、感情、评价等的形容词后，对其进行补充说明。 例：We are very glad to meet you again. 7、状语：表示目的、原因、程度等。 例：They brought in photos of their families for me to look at. 8、“疑问词+不定式”用法：不定式前可带what, who, which, where,
四川省泸州市枫叶佳德国际学校八年级下册英语动词不定式动词短语 动词不定式：To do 一、作主语：To help each other is good.=It is good to help each other. ★It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事例句:It your turn to clean the blackboard. ★It’s time(for sb.) to do sth.是某人做某事时候了例句:It’s time for me to go home. ★It’s +adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事是…… （当adj.是表示性格、品德的形容词时用of） 例句: It is easy for me to learn it well.It is very kind/foolish/nice of you to do so. ★It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花了某时间 例句:1.It takes me an hour to get to school by bike. 2.It took me an hour to watch TV last night. 3.It will take her two weeks to finish the work. 二、作表语：My job is to drive them to the power station every day. 三、作宾语：She wishes to be a musician. I am determined to give up smoking. I don’t think it right to do it that way. 四、作宾语补足语，如：Tell the children not to play on the street. I saw a little girl run across the street. 五、作定语时，须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后，如：Is this the best way to help him? He is the man to depend on. 六、目的状语：Every morning he gets up very early to read English. 结果状语：They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们活到亲眼见到了他们家乡的解放。We reached the station in a hurry to find the bus had left. 七、其他结构： ★too+adj./adv. to do sth. 太…..而不能例: He was too angry to say a word. ★be+adj+to do sth 例句:I am very sorry to hear that. I am ready to help others.I am happy/pleased/glad to meet you. 一.接不定式（而不接动名词）作宾语的常用动词 1.afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 2.agree to do sth. 同意做某事 3.decide to do sth. 决定做某事 4.expect to do sth. 期待做某事 5.fail to do sth. 未能做某事 6.happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 7.help to do sth. 帮助做某事 8.hope to do sth. 希望做某事 9.learn to do sth. 学习做某事 10.need to do sth. 需要做某事 11.offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事12.plan to do sth. 计划做某事 13.prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 14.promise to do sth. 答应做某事 15.refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 16.want to do sth. 想要做某事 17.wish to do sth. 希望做某事 18.manage to do sth 设法做成某事 19.choose to do sth 选择做某事 20.would like to do sth 想要做某事 21.volunteer to do sth 志愿做什么22．can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做什么 二、接不定式作宾补的常用动词 1.advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 2.allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 3.ask sb. to do sth.请(叫)某人做某事 4.beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事 5.cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 6.encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事
现在完成时态专练 姓名：________ 班级：_________ ●构成：主语+谓语（助动词have/has+动词过去分词）+宾语 We have cleaned the classroom. 我们已经打扫了教室。 Tom has written 5 books. 汤姆已经写了5本书了。 主助过分宾 ●用法一： 表示已经发生或完成的动作或状态，它的影响现在还存在。常译为：... 已经做了某事。Eg: I have eaten lunch. 我已经吃过午饭了。(饱了，不用再吃了) I have never seen the film. 我从没看过这部影片。(强调不清楚它的内容) 连用的关键词（时间副词）： just刚刚, already已经（只用于肯定句助后实前）, yet还、仍然（用于疑问句和否定句句末）, never从来没有, ever曾经, before以前, once一次, twice两次, many times许多次, so far迄今为止, in(during) the past(last) few years最近几年来等等 Eg: The boy has already read the book. 这男孩已经读过这本书了。 I have not finished my homework yet.我还没有完成我的家庭作业。 翻译练习： 1. 你已经看过这部电影了。You _________ already ________ the movie. 2. 我刚刚丢了我的书.I ________ just ________ my book. 3. Tony曾经吃过鱼和薯条Tony ________ ever ________ fish and chips. 4. 他已经吃过午饭了He has ________ ________ lunch. 句式变化： 陈述句I have lost my pen. 否定句I haven’t （have not）lost my pen. 一般疑问句Have you lost your pen? Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. 特殊疑问句I have lost my pen. (提问) What have you lost? 选择疑问句Have y ou lost your pen or pencil? 句子练习： 1. I have read the novel 3 times. 否定句：I __________ read the novel 3 times. 一般疑问: ________ ________ _________ the novel 3 times? 肯定回答: Yes, I _______. 否定回答: No,I _______ 对the novel 提问：________ ________ you read 3 times? 对3提问: _______ _______ times ______ you read the novel? 2. The man has already taken some medicine. 否定句：The man ________ taken ________ medicine_______.
一、动词不定式 1.动词不定式的形式动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，使用时有时可以不带to。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语,但仍保留动词的特点，即可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成动词不定式短语。 例句：He wants to sit down.他想坐下。 Let him have a rest.让他休息一下。 动词不定式的否定形式是在动词不定式前面加not。 例句：Tell him not to leave alone.告诉他不要一个人离开。 2.动词不定式的用法动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 (1)不定式作主语不定式作主语一般位于句首,谓语动词用单数。 例句：To learn foreign languages is very useful.学外语很有用。 为了避免句子“头重脚轻”，往往用it代替不定式作形式主语，而将不定式放在后面作真正的主语。 例句：It's very useful to learn foreign languages.学外语很有用。 (2)不定式作表语例句：My work is to take care of the sick boy.我的工作是照顾那个生病的男孩。 (3)不定式作宾语不定式作宾语有两种情况：一种是及物动词后直接跟带to的不定式，另一种是“及物动词+疑问词+带to的不定式”。 例句：He promised to help me.他答应帮我。He showed me how to use a computer.他给我演示怎样使用电脑。
2022-2023学年八年级英语下册单元模块高分必做题（人教版）Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks【刷语法】(重点语法提升 练) 动词不定式 在中考语法项目中，主要考查动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语。动词不定式由“to+动词原形” 构成，有时to省略，直接由动词原形构成。否定式由“not to+动词原形”构成。 如：We decided to go on hiking though we were tired. 虽然我们很累，但是我们决定继续远足。 The girl tried not to wake up her mother. 这女孩尽量不吵醒她妈妈。 1. 动词不定式作宾语 （1）接不定式作宾语的动词（“动词+to do” 结构）常见的有： learn 学会 plan 计划 decide 决定 try 尽力 choose 选择 agree 同意 refuse 拒绝 pretend 假装 offer 主动 would like / want 想要 expect 期望 hope / wish 希望 promise 承诺 afford 负担得起 prefer 喜欢 help 帮助(help to do / help do) like 喜欢(like to do / doing) continue 继续(continue to do / doing) begin / start 开始(begin / start to do / doing) 如：I would like to have a sandwich. 我想要吃一个三明治。 （2）动词不定式作宾语，置句末，前面用it指代不定式，it是形式宾语。 如：We found it difficult to understand what you said. 我们发现很难理解你所说的话。（3）有的动词在不定式前可加上疑问词（who，what，which等）作宾语（即“动词+疑问词+to do” 结构），常见的有：show 表明、指示；know 知道；tell 告诉；teach 教；learn 学习；decide 决定。 如：Larry didn’t know how to tell her the bad news. 拉里不知道如何告诉她这个坏消息。
重点短语 1.clean up 打扫（或清除）干净 2.cheer up 变得高兴；振奋起来cheer sb up=make sb happier 3.visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up在医院看望患病的孩子以便让他们高兴起来（to表目的） 4.give out food at the food bank 在食品供应站分发食品 5.give out = hand out 分发 give it/ them out 6.volunteer in an after-school study program to teach kids. 7.自愿在课外学习班教孩子 https://www.doczj.com/doc/7e19299852.html,e up with = think up想出；提出 9.put off doing sth 推迟干某事 put it off ; put on穿上戴上 10.put up 张贴；搭起，竖起；举起 put up signs 张贴标语；put up the tent搭帐篷 put up your hand 11.set up 搭起，竖起；建起，设立；开办 put up a tent= set up a tent; set up a school 开办一所学校 12.call sb up=ring sb up = call sb=ring sb =give sb a call (ring)= make a phone call to sb = phone sb 给某人打电话 answer the phone 接电话 13.make a plan for…为……制定计划 make a plan to do sth 制定计划干某事 plan to do sth 14.alone=by oneself 孤独的，独自的（强调一人）只能作表语状语 lonely 孤独的，寂寞的（由于周围环境的荒凉而内心孤独寂寞）既作表语又作定语 travel alone独自旅行 The old man lived alone in a lonely island, but he didn’t feel lonely.这位老人独自一人住在孤岛上，但他感觉不到寂寞。
八年级英语下册语法考点【动词不定式】整理复习 作主语 · To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 · To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。 · To say is to believe.眼见为实。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。 上面的句子可以改为： · Itis hard to be a doctor. · Itis not easy to learn English well. · It’simportant to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。 · It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 ·It is important for students to use Engl ish every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。
作表语 在形式上，位于系动词后的就是表语。从含义上讲，表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分。动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。 · His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 · My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 · Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin, start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。 · I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 · They begin to work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 · Don’t forget to lock the door.别忘了锁门。 ·Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow? 明天和我们起去野餐好吗？ 【特殊】 1.如果and连接两个动词不定式，第二个动词不定式一般省“to”。 · He wants to go and have a swim with us.
八年级下册Unit2 语法练习题---动词不定式 ( ) 1. It often takes me half an hour home. A. walking B. to walk C. walked D. walk ( ) 2. Don’t forget her clean water every day. A. to give B. giving C. given D. give ( ) 3. I think it important English well. A. learning B. learn C. to learn D. learned ( ) 4. The funny story makes us . A. laugh B. laughing C. to laugh D. laughed ( ) 5. She was often heard in English. A. sing B. singing C. sung D. to sing ( ) 6. Our teacher told us hard. A. to work B. working C. worked D. work ( ) 7. Could you tell me this word? A. to how read B. how to read C. how read D. how read to ( ) 8. I don’t know . A. when start B. when to start C. to how start D. how start ( ) 9. Please give me a pen . A. to write B. writing C. to write with D. written ( ) 10. He went home some books.
英语动词不定式大全
英语动词不定式大全 动词不定式是一种活跃的非谓语动词。它在句中起的是名词。形容词或副词的作用,可在句子中作主语。宾语。定语。状语和宾语补足语。动词不定式的形式是"to +动词原形",但to有时要省去。动词不定式在具体运用时,用不用to,取决于谓语动词的用法: 一。带to的不定式结构 1.我们学过的能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有:want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like ,love, stop, go, come 等。 2.动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not,即not to do sth.。例如: Jim told me not to wake up Kate.吉姆告诉我别叫醒凯特。 二。不带to的不定式结构 以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式: 1.在固定词组had better之后。注意:had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。例如: You had better go home now.你最好现在回家。 It's cold outside. You'd better not go out.外面很冷,你最好不要出去。 2.在let,make,see, feel, watch,hear等感官或使役动词后,要跟不带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语。例如: I made them give me the money back.我迫使他们把钱还给我。 I didn't see you come in.我没看见你进来。 3.在引导疑问句的why not之后。 "Why not+不带to的不定式"是Why don't you do…的省略,可以用来提出建议或劝告。例如: Why not go with us。为什么不和我们一起去呢。
【易错考点回顾】动词不定式 【易错点睛】 不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形，有时to也可省略。动词不定式可以充当的成分有：主语，表语，宾语，宾补，定语，状语。 作主语时，常用在it作形式主语引导的句型中。 It + be + adj. +（for/of sb.）to do sth. 作宾语时，常跟在动词want, hope, decide, plan, expect, would like等词的后面，而find, think, make等动词通常用在it作形式宾语的句型中，结构为“主语+动词+it+宾补+不定式”。 作宾补时，常用在tell, ask, allow, want, wish, would like, invite, encourage等词后面；而使役动词make, let, have和感官动词feel, hear, listen to, see, watch, notice等后用不带to的不定式作宾补。作状语时，可表目的，结果，原因等。 I went to the library to study English. 我去图书馆学英语了。（表目的） I’m sorry to trouble you. 我很抱歉给你添麻烦了。（表原因） 【易错考点回顾】 1. _______ great success, you need to work hard and don’t let anything get in the way. A. Achieve B. To achieve C. Achieving D. Achieved 【错因分析】对词汇success和短语in the way的意思没理解，其次没有掌握住非谓语的几种形式的用法特点也容易选择错误。 【思路点拨】本题考查动词不定式。结合句意和非谓语的几种形式所充当的成分是解题的关键。 【正确答案】正确答案为B。句意：为了取得巨大的成功，你需要努力工作不让任何事情阻挡了你。根据句意可知，此处应用to do表目的。to do作的是目的状语。 【中考链接】 1. （xx昆明）Nowadays, it’s convenient and cheap for us ______ a shared-bicycle. A. ride B. to ride C. flying D. to fly 【答案】B 解析：“It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.”为固定句型，意为“做某事对某人来说……”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是to do。句意：现在，骑共享单车对我们来说既方便又便宜。ride a bicycle为固定搭配，符合语境。故选B。
八年级下英语U2语法：动词不定式 动词不定式 概念： 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式，其结构为“to+动词原形”，其中to是动词不定式符号，称为小品词。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，动词不定式和后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等。 构成 肯定形式 to do 否定形式not to do 动词不定式可以与疑问词w hat, which, when, where, how等连用。 I don’t know what to do next. 用法： 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有: want, hope, learn, decide, expect, agree, plan, afford, choose, would like等。 I want to tell you a story. 注意：①如果and连接两个动词不定式，第二个动词不定式一般省略to。 He wants to go and have a swim with us. ②若作宾语的动词不定式（短语）很长，可用it作形式宾语。 He found it hard to catch up with others. ⑵作宾语补足语 动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示宾语所做的动作，可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:tell, ask, want, like，expect, wish, would like等。但在let, make, see等感官动词或使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式，一般要省略动词不定式符号to。注意：①感官动词（ find, feel, listen to, hear, watch, see, look at, notice） The boy made the baby cry. (主动) The baby was made to cry by the boy. （被动） ③在“Why not…”相当于“Why don’t you…” 和“had better “之后用不to的不定式（即动词原形）,可以用来提出建议或劝告。 Why not go with us. You’d better lie down and have a rest.
八年级英语动词不定式用法梳理 动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。有些动词不定式不带to，动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。不定式保留动词的某些特性，可以有自己的宾语、状语等。动词不定式和它后面的宾语、状语等一起构成短语，叫作不定式短语。 一、用作主语 多数情况用it作形式主语，把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末，特别是不定式短语较长时。动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。疑问词+不定式短语作主语可置于句首，复合不定式结构作主语常置于句末。如： 1. I t is our duty to try our best to deal with these problems. 2.The head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother. 3.How to learn English well is important. 4.To see is to believe.(眼见为实；百闻不如一见) 二、用作表语 动词不定式作表语，常说明主语的内容、性质、特征。如： 1.The best way is to join an English club. 2.The first thing is to listen to the teacher carefully.
三、用作宾语 1.可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：要求选择同意(ask, choose, agree)，期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, learn)，宁可假装知道(prefer, pretend, know)，希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。如： 1)We decided to talk to some students about why they go there. 2)He prefers to eat white bread and rice. 3)Id love to visit Mexico. 2.动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell...，介词结构on...可用疑问词带to的不定式短语作宾语，但why后面的不定式不带to。如： 1)Could you please tell me where to park my car? 2)It gives advice on what to do in lots of different situations. 3.动词feel, find, make, think等后面，可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语——动词不定式，句子结构是...feel / find / make / ... it+adj. / n.+to do...。如： 4. 感知动词like, love, know等一般不用进行时态。 5.后接动词不定式或ving形式作宾语，意思差别较大的动词有forget, remember等。后接不定式作宾语，表动作尚未发生；后接ving形式作宾语，表动作已经发生。stop to do停下来做另
动词不定式专项练习 一、动词不定式作主语 1. It's our duty _________ the room every day. A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. cleans(甘肃省) 2. It's hard for us _________ English well. A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning(江西省) 3 It's very nice _________ you to get me two tickets _________ the World Cup. A. for，of B. of，for C. to，for D. of，to(安徽省) Keys：1. A 2. C 3. . B ［简析］动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面主语位置，也可以用先行词it作形式主语，而将真正主语(不定式)置于后面。常见句式有： (1)It is +形容词(of sb)to do sth. (2)It is +名词(for sb)to do sth (3)It takes sb some time to do sth (1)中常用nice，kind，clever，good，right，wrong，foolish，careless等形容词，与介词of搭配，这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑
主语属性或性质；句式(4)中常用hard，difficult，easy，important等形容词，与介词for搭配，表示不定式表示动作、行为性质。 注意：当不定式作主语句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is… to…句型 (对)To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。(错)It is to believe to see. It's for s b.与It's of s b. 1) for s b. 常用于表示事物特征特点，表示客观形式形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等： It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难。 2) of s b句型一般用表示人物性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。 It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。for 与of 区分方法：用介词后面代词作主语，用介词前边形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通那么用for。如：You are nice. (通顺，所以应用of)。He is hard. (人是困难，不通，因此应用for。)